Revenue-based financing – E117

Great to chat with Dimitry Gershenson, Co-founder and CEO at Enduring Planet, Enduring Planet offers rapid financing for Climate Entrepreneurs without dilution, personal guarantees, or collateral! We discussed revenue-based financing, the pros and cons of that compared to other forms of financing, how easy is the process like and more!

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James

The unedited podcast transcript is below

James McWalter

Hello today we’re speaking with Dmitry Gershenson co-founder and Ceo at Enduring Planet welcome to the podcast Dimitry great to start. Could you tell us a little bit about enduring planet.

Dimitry Gershenson

Thanks so much for having me James.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure we provide fast flexible and founder friendly credit products to small businesses and startups that are working to address the climate crisis. So today we offer 2 Non-dilluted funding instruments 1 is a revenuebased financing product for sort of early revenue companies typically in they’ll like you know call it sub ten million a year in revenue range and then we also recently launched a new product to help folks. Ah, bridge the often long timing delays and state or federal grant funding in climate. So we’ll we’ll advance capital against you know state or federal grant funds that have been announced without necessarily dispersed and over time we’ll be adding additional.

Dimitry Gershenson

Credit products. We want to really have a full suite of non dilutive financing options for climate entrepreneurs from basically inception to Ipo.

James McWalter

What And what drove the initial decision to start enduring planet and.

Dimitry Gershenson

Oh man. Ah I think this has been a really long time coming for my co-founder and I we’ve both worked in in climate and catalytic finance. In fact, investing and credit kind of all the things that touch our work today. We’ve been. Doing those things independently for give or take a decade each and I had an opportunity to build a startup out of a venture studio last year a group called during ventures that I’d been working with for a little while and. Sort of presented me this opportunity and I I think I’d always really wanted to build this this business. The the capital gap in climate is is not nearly as often discussed as some of the other elements of the crisis right? So folks talk a lot about carbon removal They talk a lot about carbon offsets they talk a lot about you know tech that needs to be built etc. But I feel like the money side of the problem is not as sexy. That’s fine, but we need about five trillion a year in investment to actually get to two degree c we. Last by last count. It was like less than seven hundred billion that was invested so that’s an almost eight x increase that’s required and the credit side of that capital stack is dramatically like under. It’s just it’s just not happening and so weed up.

Dimitry Gershenson

Whole host of creative flexible like founder Friendly capital instruments in order for this transition to happen in a way that like reduces harm to you know, vulnerable people and really everyone and so we wanted to put a dent in that.

James McWalter

And as you’re thinking through like this scope and scale the problem and yeah, immediately when I hear trillions right? like these are exciting big Tam numbers and so on how do you start to think through what the you know the first set of customers might look like who should you service right? because.

James McWalter

You know it’s always the difficulty when you have these very very large opportunities. It’s like what is our kind of wedge into that opportunity and.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure? Yeah I think it for us. You know we started with this kind of early revenue buckets or revenue based financing was our first product it in many ways was an ideal first product because it lends itself. Best to automation. Um. You you sort of if you look at the historical kind of alternative financing alternative credit landscape. There’s a lot of rbf lenders in ecommerce and saas and we thought the model would actually apply really well in the context of climate and it would also allow us to. Explore lending to both startups and small businesses which have very unique. They’re often look very different both in terms of the revenue trajectory but also in terms of the systems they use how they manage their accounting etc like there’s there’s a lot of what’s the word I’m looking for There’s just a lot of variability and so the revenue based financing was kind of an an attractive entry point and that meant that you know because we’re sort of on the initial portfolio we have ah a higher end cap on how much money we’re willing to put into any individual company because we don’t want to get overexposed and so. What that means is that we sort of artificially limited our initial customer pool to this sort of folks who have you know north of half a million in trailing twelve month revenue but less than call it 5 to 10000000 in trailing twelve month revenue and

James McWalter

Ah, yeah, yeah.

James McWalter

Yeah, and I’d love to just kind of get into some of the specifics around revenue-based financing you know I think a lot of the listeners will be familiar with traditional venture. They’ll be yeah familiar with even a lot of startups have founded themselves just with.

Dimitry Gershenson

Yeah, go ahead.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure.

James McWalter

Too many credit cards or you know, ah kind of ah a quick personal loan. Whatever it is just to get something up and running and there’s been a kind of growth in revenue financing one of the big companies pipe and some of these folks have kind of emerged in the last few years so yeah so I’d love to kind of just you know understand a little bit more about revenue financing as a model and. You know the pros and cons of that compared to some other you know, maybe more common forms of financing and.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure so I think maybe at first you got to split the capital available to entrepreneurs into two buckets diluted versus not so dilutive instruments. That’s you know your equity. Um, some debt can also be diluted because it has warrants or conversion principles that you have to sort of account for um, but that’s that bucket and then in the non-d diluto bucket. You have grants and you have debt those are the only types of capital there are and revenue based financing is a type of debt. It’s just not structured the way that. Think what most folks think of when they think debt base sort of imagine term loans where you sort of pay interest. You have principal payments if you miss payments you’re in default and gets really painful. Well revenue based financing takes a different approach to lending and so. In in our case, we provide a company capital and they give us a fixed percentage of revenue for an estimated term that allows us to like hit our our target returns we actually publish our term sheet on our website. So anybody who is interested in our capital can actually see. All of the dynamics of the product before they even apply. Um, and you know typically we’re lending sort of like less than half a million on the first go around that number will go up next year once we have a larger capital facility ourselves. But today we’re lending up to half a million

Dimitry Gershenson

Generally in exchange for anywhere from like 3 to 7% of top line revenue and typically it’s on like an estimated two year term. So now that capital that comes with with no collateral requirements. No personal guarantee requirements. There are no warrants. There’s no conversion There’s no complicated covenants. It’s like really simple, really fast. It’s you know is it more expensive than a traditional bank loan sure but the bank you know will take your personal. Assets as collateral in case, there’s a default and so if your business goes down the toilet your house is going with it and in our case, we will. We will never do that.

James McWalter

Right? And and even you know even besides those folks who have a house to to lose you know often Banks just won’t engage in technical startups Anyways, right? because they won’t really they already have the prism of what the kind of assets that those kind of companies are building until they’re quite large.

Dimitry Gershenson

That’s right, That’s right.

Dimitry Gershenson

Yeah I mean I think in general banks won’t lend unless there’s yeah 3 years of trailing revenue history. There’s a lot of collateral and even then they still want a personal guarantee and often those.

James McWalter

Have yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

Multiple factors are like very difficult for a startup or a small business to achieve because even if you’re like you can be profitable and have a lot of history of of performance. But if you go to a bank and you have no collateral on your business balance sheet that you can put up in in order to secure the loan. They generally won’t do it unless you’re very large.

James McWalter

And as I think about yeah, where revenue-based financing might be suitable or not I’d imagine you you have both the type of company in terms of you know what? what’s their product and you know are they climate of course and not E to your your business but then also the business model of the company itself you know are there more.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah.

James McWalter

Are some business models more suitable for this kind of financing than others right.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure, yeah, so for for revenue based financing. We typically look at one of sort of 4 models. 1 is pure software so typically Sas another is small. Or smaller hardware where there’s like a higher frequency of purchase and so there’s consistent growing revenue over time and there’s typically higher gross margins because we generally want to see about ah ah at least a 35% gross margin in order for us to do our behalf. Um.

Dimitry Gershenson

We’ll look at recurring services businesses or or services businesses with repeat purchases where maybe they don’t have a long-term contract but the same customers keep coming back and showing that there’s like repeat value and then we’ll also look at a hybrid model of any one of those 3 and so we. You know we kind of push the boundaries of where people historically have applied revenue based financing I think if you look at most of the other alternative finance players in the market they generally stick to saas some of them will do recurring services most of them won’t do hardware and and I think you know to some degree that’s been driven by. A lot of assumptions and sort of concerns about macro risks that in our case, we think climate creates a very unique sort of market opportunity where demand. At ah at a market level from consumers, enterprises, corporates, governments, etc. We kind of only go in one direction and there’s a lot of secondary factors that drive positive trends in the market including you know government incentives things like the ira etc which like don’t. Necessarily exist if you lend across Saas or if you lend an ecommerce and so that’s why we’re we’re comfortable, kind of pushing the bounds and and testing this model out with with businesses that often don’t look like what others will necessarily revenue base finance.

James McWalter

Exactly.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, you know with our grant advance products we those restrictions don’t apply. We’re very comfortable advancing against grants regardless of the business model as long as it’s in climate and those grants are coming from State or federal sources.

James McWalter

And and just on that I actually have a little bit of personal experience. Um on you know the grant problem so a few years ago. A good friend of mine was involved in an arpe e soil carbon grant it was a 7 figure Grant and they wouldn’t get it for nine months and so they you know are trying to take this particular type of so science and and convert it it into a product right? that is something they can build. It was a piece of hardware. Um, and they had to raise and they went out and they raised a seed and basically it was a very um derisk seed from the seed. Investor’s point of view right.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah.

James McWalter

Could literally point to there’s going to be a couple million dollars coming into this company in nine months but they needed working capital right? because they didn’t you know the government was slower than startups right? So they needed to kind of get ahead. Want to start building the prototype and all that kind of thing. Um, and so I guess like compared to the type of work that you’re doing.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, right.

James McWalter

Um, you’re eliminating that early dilution if you if you can avoid it at all.

Dimitry Gershenson

Oh yeah I mean it’s this is like a very common refrain that we hear is that folks will you know they’ll win a Doe Grant Usda grant california energy commission niceerta you name it, you pick an agency and most of them will tell you you’re getting the money. Somewhere in that 6 to nine month range before they actually start reimbursing you for expenses against the grant and that time is really painful and to your point folks will often go and raise equity. Which at that stage is incredibly expensive capital I mean it’s like 10 x more expensive than I think our grand advance on an effective irr basis because folks are you know they’re often getting sort of presee or see prices and they’re expecting a I don’t know hundred x return if they’re vtting at that stage. And so our our terms are very very different and in many ways we’re offering folks a product that I don’t I don’t think anybody else offers today and we’re pretty excited about the response we’re getting from the market.

James McWalter

Why do why? doesn’t it exist. It is actually shocking when because I saw ah you mentioned this you know I follow you of course on Twitter and um I think it was only a few weeks ago when when this is announced and I was like of course like like I literally had this conversation with my friend who was going through this whole thing about a year and a half ago and it never even.

Dimitry Gershenson

Right.

James McWalter

Kind of occurred to us that there was somebody who was doing an upfront loan like immediately both of our minds went to venture right? like that was the default because we didn’t even consider it but it seems just with the amount of money not just in the United States but around the world going into various grant programs. Not just for climate. But for ah other kind of applications.

Dimitry Gershenson

Right.

James McWalter

You know it’s surprising when you have literally a commitment of capital from the government in a sub one year period that no ah other financial institution has taken advantage to that.

Dimitry Gershenson

I I agree we’ve seen we’ve seen sort of boutique Lenders. Do this in limited context but and and and there are folks who do this with certain um tax incentives. So Like. There’s a group that that advances against R and D Tax credits that we’ve seen. But yeah, we’ve never we’ve never seen folks doing this at scale lending against state or Federal Grant funds especially in climate and so yeah I mean look the the opportunity is so vague that. I I would be I would welcome A many folks doesn’t want to come in and do this I think just in the Us It’s north at 30000000000 a year in funds that are dispersed through these mechanisms based on you know our conversations with folks who write these grants manage these grants et cetera and that’s ah, that’s a pretty.

James McWalter

Structure.

Dimitry Gershenson

Large amount.

James McWalter

And you know you have these 2 products now out what does it take to get a financial product live right? It’s you know finance I think it can be often complex people or at least from the outside you hear words like underwriting and like all these different things. You know what What’s the process from going to like. You know, look. We have this c climate round advance just because I’m naming it because it’s the more recent innovation but going from that as an idea through to it going live you know who are the kinds of people that you either have to have your your team or consult with to get to that stage.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

So that’s a good question I think there’s a lot of pieces to this right one is that you need to actually have the permission to lend. So maybe we’ll start with compliance. You know these aren’t necessarily in in this order but these are like the key pillars right? so.

James McWalter

And.

Dimitry Gershenson

Need to be able to lend in a lot of the us commercial lending isn’t super regulated as long as you have like a signed contract in place most states allow business to be into business lending without much regulation. There are exceptions the state of California is one. We’re a licensed lender in the state of California that process took a long time is like a very long and painful process which ah it was just under a year I think um.

James McWalter

Yeah, are we saying over year or like just what’s long.

Dimitry Gershenson

Maybe a little less than that. Um, the thing is like you know it kind of depends on where you’re at you can you can technically do 1 or 2 loans in California business to business before you apply for your lending license and if you’ve done transactions. Ah, process is actually longer because they they sort of dig into those as well as the track record of the people who own the business. The people who run the business etc. There’s like a very large amount of diligence that’s done by the ah you know the sort of financial protection agency there. Um, so that’s compliance 2 you you know you need a team that can actually do underwriting who can understand sort of risk in ah in the context of credit who can understand where can a transaction break down with the grant advance. We spent a bit of time talking to um.

Dimitry Gershenson

I Mean one we sort of structured it internally and then we talked to a number of experts externally to sort of nail down the dynamics of the product because there’s there’s a lot of intentionality behind how the fees are charged and when and and sort of how the structure works and then um, you know you have to do ah a pilot transaction.

Dimitry Gershenson

Typically with capital off your balance sheets. You have to take some personal Well personal corporate risk to prove that the product is investible, um and and then you know if you have an outside credit facility. Ah you know or an outside fund or whatever where you have.

James McWalter

Yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

External investors you have to convince them that that this is a product worth investing with under the mandate that you already have and so in our case, you know we we did 2 pilot deals and then we went to our investors for our first debt facility and we said hey we’d like to incorporate this product into our lending and they all. It’s unanimously approved and then and then we rolled it out. Um, so you know I I would say it was like ah at least a six month process from kind of start to making it public. Um, but there was actually quite a lot of work that happened before that.

Dimitry Gershenson

Where you know we we sort of understood the market. We did the homework we talked to entrepreneurs we tried to understand sort of where people where people’s comforts levels are around pricing and structure and what they what do they actually need in this product and you know frankly I wouldn’t be surprised if in six nine twelve months our grant advance looks very different.

James McWalter

But.

James McWalter

I and I guess that kind of goes to this quarithos I was reading on your website like 1 of the values of during planet is to be very kind of founder first and this is something.

Dimitry Gershenson

And it does today because we’re constantly getting feedback on how we can improve it.

James McWalter

That you know but bo you and I we have raised venture for our our current startups and a lot of people in the venture side right? Everyone’s founder first right? Um, so I guess how do you about you know, making sure that that value is kind of en shr in yeah, the products in the company you’re building.

Dimitry Gershenson

Yeah, yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

So we I mean we think about the the sort of the impact on on founders and and teams at every step of that sort of customer experience. So one is we have I would say pretty radical transparency when it comes to how we lend and. And what our instruments look like and what the process will look like with revenue based financing. We even built a tool that allows folks to estimate how much money they could raise from us before they even apply they don’t have to like sign up for any marketing. They don’t have to do anything weird. They can just play around with a calculator. Um. We also make the application itself very short and very simple so it takes about 10 minutes to apply for funding with us. It’s I would argue pretty effortless and then we also you know, spend a lot of time thinking about. How we communicate and negotiate throughout the the actual loan process. So once somebody’s applied generally they can expect to see a term she you within a week which is pretty fast that and that time is going to get much shorter as we sort of enshrine some of the automation we’ve been building over the last twelve months and we also are very clear about what we’re looking for and what we need and what’s missing I think a lot of the time you know as you and I probably both experienced raising money when you raise from vcs there is no incentive for good communication and.

Dimitry Gershenson

What it means is that often you will pitch someone and this won’t follow up or they’ll follow up at a random time or they’ll wait for you to get a lead or like you know they might turn you down but they won’t tell you why there’s like all these things that happen when you’re raising venture. Where in our case, we just don’t do that. So if you if you are not a fitter for our financing. We tell you exactly why we set up check-ins to make sure that we are aware of when you hit the mostones that we need to see for you to be sort of investible and like you know we we spend a lot of time. Making sure that founders have a good experience raising money from us and then beyond that we’ve built a pretty robust network like a pretty pretty big community of folks that bring additional value to the companies that we engage with even if they’re not our portfolio Businesses. So.

James McWalter

Yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

We have a network of over two hundred and fifty vcs so we shared deal flow with and we will connect founders to those vcs whether their portfolio companies ours or not obviously the referral looks different if it’s somebody. We’re invested in but we’re we’re very open to make the introductions and.

Dimitry Gershenson

We’ve also have a network like I think close to 40 partners now that offer discounted services to climate entrepreneurs around pitch Deck design. Yeah fractional cfo bookkeeping and accounting Grant writing you name it. We probably have a resource for you and we’re very Like. We’re not shy about sharing those resources in in our mind climate entrepreneurs should have capital to build the solutions that they’re building at the pace that they are able to absorb that capital whether it’s our money or not because the the world’s on fire.

James McWalter

You Ah absolutely and within that though you also have ah which you might be finding. Ah you know non-climate companies. Did they ever approach you because.

Dimitry Gershenson

We don’t have time to fuck around.

James McWalter

1 of the things we are having um in my own company is. We’ve had some data centers and I won’t get into details of of our own product and my kind of day job startup. But yeah, we had data centers and you know cannabis farms and all these kind of things um, try to use our product and.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure.

James McWalter

Um, I’m like oh do use renewable energy right? I Do you have some sort of climate peace and and they don’t and so in that case, we actually don’t We won’t work with them as customers um have you had anybody come in and you know say hey you know this this house sounds great. But yeah, we’re not really doing anything in the climate you know, will you make an exception and I guess how do you evaluate that? yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

Ah, we you know it’s interesting. So our our application form sort of limits. People’s ability to apply unless they can define a climate narrative if if. If we don’t see it. We’ll often. That’s the first check is like hey can you help us understand how you are driving impact around the climate crisis we’re we’re pretty flexible with our definition of what’s sort of in scope or not as long as we see a path towards reducing emissions. Removing carbon out of the atmosphere or supporting adaptation and resilience we’re we’re pretty flexible. Um, and we’ve had to turn companies down in the past that don’t have a strong enough climate story we had at 1 point a business applied that was doing sort of oh god what was it? ah. Like a marketplace for beach related products I think and you know like I get that that sort of coral reefs are threatened as a result of climate change I get that. Um you know, obviously like people’s ability to enjoy the beach. It. Might be impacted by climate change. But if they come to us and said hey you know all the products we sell are 0 carbon and they’re all like friendly towards its coral reef restoration and that’s like a core ethos then they would have been in scope. But if they but because they don’t have that.

Dimitry Gershenson

That to us was not a strong enough link for us to fund So We we spend you know most most of the deals we’d see are very much in scope and we you know we’ll spend time to understand those edge cases so that we can make sure we’re not missing opportunities but also to make sure that we’re like staying true to our mission. Which is to be investing in the space.

James McWalter

And one of the things you kind of mentioned a little bit earlier is you know, being quite public and transparent and you know a lot of folks. Not that many I would say on average but like there’s more and more folks who are what they call building in public right? being very open about their process being very open on their steps.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah.

26:01.26

James McWalter

Actually you’ve gone to you know a very high degree of this because I know you had a Techcrunch review your a pitch deck and so just and which I read with great interest a few months ago when I came out and I’m sure it’s been really beneficial to a lot of folks to kind of see you know how like you know, basically it’s a critique of your pitch deck.

Dimitry Gershenson

That’s right.

James McWalter

Even though it’s successful in in raising money. It still kind of demystifies. A lot of these elements and so yeah I guess was building in public like this very kind of conscious decision and I guess what are the pros and cons of you know building in that kind of way right.

Dimitry Gershenson

Yeah, yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

You know I don’t know if we take it to the same degree that I’ve seen other folks do I know there are companies who like make their all their ah financials public through there’s like a service that can sort of link into your banking and accounting and like publish core metrics and um.

Dimitry Gershenson

We don’t We. Don’t go that far I think for us we we feel very strongly about our role as a kind of enabling community-driven player in this ecosystem and whether it’s our capital our network our lessons. We want those things to be available to entrepreneurs who are you know building solutions for climate and I think that in some ways it almost feels like it’s not a choice because the stakes are so high. And I don’t think it actually generally benefits anyone to be super like closed off in this process. The the market is insanely huge. The opportunity is is just so Vast. It’s almost incomprehensible. And so you know even if somebody showed up tomorrow doing what we do I I like I wouldn’t even be worried about I’d want to help them build their business so that we could put more more money in the hands of climate Entrepreneurs. So I think you know one of the things that is has helped us is that it.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sort of cements this brand and and shows people that we’re like we’re we’re not um, we’re We’re not our goal is not to be an extractive actor in this ecosystem but it’s to contribute and to be part of a community and to.

Dimitry Gershenson

Help other people be successful and you know just today somebody approached us for funding and we talked about their model and I was like you shouldn’t take our money like there’s better money for you out. There. Let me connect you to the people who can provide you capital. That’s more aligned with the needs of your business like we could probably make it work but but then it just It’s like not the right capital. It’s not the right structure for what you’re trying to build and I think folks should have the conversations more often like I would love to see vcs who when somebody pitches them for funding. They say oh you’re trying to raise 3000000 but you’re planning to spend 1000000 of that on marketing like.

James McWalter

Now are.

Dimitry Gershenson

Why don’t you just raise 2 and then I’ll help you find some revenue based financing for that extra million so that you’re not taking on crazy expensive dilut of capital to find your business instead. They general like oh cool, more allocation like I’ll take it. But I think if we all sort of took that alternate position I think we would. I’ll be better off.

James McWalter

Yeah, it’s so interesting I mean first on the kind of competitive point. It’s one of the wonderful aspects of being in the climate space is that how helpful everybody is and you know I’ve taken calls with competitors. You know I’ve I’ve been helpful where I can and being very open to like.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah.

James McWalter

You know, disqualifying potential users. You know if they’re not very core right? So that they can get value elsewhere is is kind of super important and you know and we kind of touch upon at the beginning and I’ve talked I think actually think to 1 or 2 um vcs I’ve had on the podcast in the the past about how there definitely is this lack. Are nearly like a missing middle of financing right? and it’s actually come up more on the project financing side where somebody’s trying to build some piece of infrastructure and they’re using you know venture-backed capital to like build something that is just incredibly expensive, right? You think about like something like a vertical farm right?? um.

Dimitry Gershenson

Event.

Dimitry Gershenson

Jeff.

James McWalter

If you’re building a vertical farm you’re building physical assets in the real world Now you might want to raise venture for your technical team and your software team to manage you know some sort of software that does a certain type of lighting and all this kind of thing but the physical hardware and the physical real estate. Um, it’s very very expensive to use equity-based.

James McWalter

Ah, financing for that and I think a lot of it’s just been you know founders have been exposed and or haven’t been the products and available to actually say okay I’m going to have a slightly more complex Capital Stack. You know 40% of it’s going to be in this bucket 30% in this bucket in the in this other bucket. Um up to now like. I Don’t think people thought in terms of like okay I might have to have a slight more complexity in order to kind of maximize the value and make sure the right book is a capital are being used for the right things.

Dimitry Gershenson

Absolutely you know it’s it’s always really interesting to me when companies spend a lot of time optimizing for their technical stack or their like organizational structure or their yeah, whatever it may be but then when they think about capital they have like a very simplistic view on what’s available how it should be used when it should be raised I can’t tell you the number of times I’ve talked to a founder and I said hey you know we think you’d be a good fit for this product and they’re like oh it’s okay, I’m I’m I’m raising venture right now and I’m like okay, but. You do know that the cost of that bench capital is like 5 x higher than what we’re what we’re offering what any like really anybody would offer for this particular use case and I think you know I think it’s okay, like it’s not It’s not founder’s fault that. In this position I think there’s a lot of sort of weird dogmatic narrative especially in the venture back startup community where like it’s like venture and venture debt. Those are the 2 products that people know and and like venture debt is this kind of like weird instrument that people sort of sometimes talk about but really, it’s about venture and you you know you you raised when you have 6 to nine months of runway and. That’s kind of like the model and it’s it’s it’s actually not geared towards the best outcomes for founders and their teams. It’s that those types of models are way more beneficial to investors who can secure greater allocation greater ownership greater control and so like.

Dimitry Gershenson

There’s nothing wrong with bench capital. You know we’re venturebacked we we have so we we love the folks that invested in us. They’ve been incredibly value additive to our process and like we’re raising around now you know there there is a role for bench capital to play but also. If we funded our entire loan book with venture capital we I don’t like I don’t know if it would even be possible like people just wouldn’t give us the money to do that. Um, and it and we would have to kind of be so be smaller and and still have to grow grow fast if it just be like a total mass and so I think that. Um, one of the things that’s been really exciting over the last few years in climate is that there’s this emergence and sort of explosion of creative financing that is slowly becoming available across the whole sort of gamut of need right? So both on the corporate and. Project finance universe um, but there’s still a lot of gaps I mean look man. You know we talked about the the $5000000000000 gap like a lot of that is actually not because money is available and it’s just not flowing. It’s that like the the products don’t necessarily even exist in the ecosystem they may exist elsewhere in in capital markets. But they’re not being applied to climate for you know, 1 reason or another and so we see a lot of opportunity there and I think other folks are starting to sort of wake up to that as well is that hey if we’re gonna if we’re actually going to try to keep us the two degree. C.

Dimitry Gershenson

And insane amount of money needs to flow into the space and it has to look very different than what it looks like today.

James McWalter

Yeah, and personally you know I think one of the big bright spots in the economy right now is everything to do with climate clean energy in particular with you know and some of the kind of carbon sequestration parts that Ira is funding or helping to ah yeah, yeah, kind of firear means that. You have a ton of traction and growth happening with certain companies but evaluations have been crushed because of the broader market. You know, maybe it’d be nice to be able to delay fundraising and that six to nine months right and so revenue-based financing enables that and it’s actually honestly something we’ll probably you know deeply consider next year we’re kind of running off to our own kind of next round and it’s great to have that as an option.

James McWalter

And again, you know the right tool for the right use and so you still kind of think through all the different options. Um, but you know we’re you’re talking a lot about kind of the opportunities on the financing Side. You’re being exposed to a lot of different types of climate companies doing a lot of cool things. What’s kind of getting you excited and also I guess where you wish there’s more innovation you know where are kind of some. Bots that are being you know I guess underutilized and smart entrepreneurs could kind of focus on it and say oh,, there’s actually a lot of kind of blue space in this particular area.

Dimitry Gershenson

So it’s funny I get this question a lot and I have like maybe the most disappointing answer I can possibly give I am so excited about all of it. We see we see companies every single day that span the gamut from.

James McWalter

That right.

Dimitry Gershenson

You know, really frontier crazy I don’t know refrigeration tack to like compost subscription businesses in major metropolitan areas and they’re equally exciting to me right? I I I see. There’s so much like innovation and growth even in this like small business space and for us the things that matter are like are you did you have you found a customer and is it working right? like like. You know we look at the financial performance of the business. Not necessarily how many tons is it going to eliminate. Not you know um, like how how exciting is the Tam. We’re like oh are you selling a thing are you are you. Doing better this year than you were last year are your are your margins. They’re cool. We can do revenue based financing or oh hey, are you did you win a big grant and you don’t want to wait like cool. We can advance against that grant and I I think for us what What’s awesome is that there’s this really incredible. Universe of entrepreneurs that are building these solutions that come from all sorts of places and all sorts of backgrounds. We prioritize investing in underrepresented founders endeavors teams and I’m proud to say that I think 80% of our portfolio conforms to our like dei criteria and.

Dimitry Gershenson

And think so a similar percentage of our sort of forward looking pipeline does and I’m just like stok to to back these people to build all sorts of different solutions from compostable diapers to you know power system Management hardware and software that. That supports grade resiliency in disasters like those those things are comparable to me in terms of excitement is that Weird. Ah.

James McWalter

And it’s it’s not and and honest see I mean well let’s that’s the inspirational bit right? like there’s there’s a role for everyone. You know, take take the pie take the things you know right? like look around the the problems you see and there’s tons of opportunities. Um, but Demetri just been brilliant. Really enjoyed it before we live. Leave off is there anything I should have asked you about but did not.

Dimitry Gershenson 

Ah, yeah, it’s a good question I mean I think maybe just to say like if people want our kind of capital where should they go. They should go to enduring planet dot com and they can just click apply now and. Put an application takes 10 minutes and they get a termm sheet in a week so if you want some founder friendly flexible, fast non diluted financing. You know where to find us.

James McWalter

Yeah, and we’re going to include in particular the link to the calculator because I think that’s a great first step when I was trying to get ah get a handle. It’s like oh this this is exactly you know you put in your a you know your monthly revenue you put in a couple other numbers and all of a sudden. It’s like okay this is the kind of range I could potentially.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah, excellent.

Dimitry Gershenson

Or yeah, perfect love that. Thank you so much you too.

James McWalter

Um, utilize and it makes a ton of sense.

James McWalter

Well thank you Dimitry Gershenson is progression.

Title: Revenue-based financing – E117

Great to chat with Dimitry Gershenson, Co-founder and CEO at Enduring Planet, Enduring Planet offers rapid financing for Climate Entrepreneurs without dilution, personal guarantees, or collateral! We discussed revenue-based financing, the pros and cons of that compared to other forms of financing, how easy is the process like and more!

https://carbotnic.com/enduringplanet

Download Podcast Here: https://plinkhq.com/i/1518148418

Calculator: https://enduringplanet.com/resources/calculator 

Remember, If you want to support the podcast please rate and review 5 stars on  Apple, Thanks so much! 

James

The unedited podcast transcript is below

James McWalter

Hello today we’re speaking with Dmitry Gershenson co-founder and Ceo at Enduring Planet welcome to the podcast Dimitry great to start. Could you tell us a little bit about enduring planet.

Dimitry Gershenson

Thanks so much for having me James.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure we provide fast flexible and founder friendly credit products to small businesses and startups that are working to address the climate crisis. So today we offer 2 Non-dilluted funding instruments 1 is a revenuebased financing product for sort of early revenue companies typically in they’ll like you know call it sub ten million a year in revenue range and then we also recently launched a new product to help folks. Ah, bridge the often long timing delays and state or federal grant funding in climate. So we’ll we’ll advance capital against you know state or federal grant funds that have been announced without necessarily dispersed and over time we’ll be adding additional.

Dimitry Gershenson

Credit products. We want to really have a full suite of non dilutive financing options for climate entrepreneurs from basically inception to Ipo.

James McWalter

What And what drove the initial decision to start enduring planet and.

Dimitry Gershenson

Oh man. Ah I think this has been a really long time coming for my co-founder and I we’ve both worked in in climate and catalytic finance. In fact, investing and credit kind of all the things that touch our work today. We’ve been. Doing those things independently for give or take a decade each and I had an opportunity to build a startup out of a venture studio last year a group called during ventures that I’d been working with for a little while and. Sort of presented me this opportunity and I I think I’d always really wanted to build this this business. The the capital gap in climate is is not nearly as often discussed as some of the other elements of the crisis right? So folks talk a lot about carbon removal They talk a lot about carbon offsets they talk a lot about you know tech that needs to be built etc. But I feel like the money side of the problem is not as sexy. That’s fine, but we need about five trillion a year in investment to actually get to two degree c we. Last by last count. It was like less than seven hundred billion that was invested so that’s an almost eight x increase that’s required and the credit side of that capital stack is dramatically like under. It’s just it’s just not happening and so weed up.

Dimitry Gershenson

Whole host of creative flexible like founder Friendly capital instruments in order for this transition to happen in a way that like reduces harm to you know, vulnerable people and really everyone and so we wanted to put a dent in that.

James McWalter

And as you’re thinking through like this scope and scale the problem and yeah, immediately when I hear trillions right? like these are exciting big Tam numbers and so on how do you start to think through what the you know the first set of customers might look like who should you service right? because.

James McWalter

You know it’s always the difficulty when you have these very very large opportunities. It’s like what is our kind of wedge into that opportunity and.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure? Yeah I think it for us. You know we started with this kind of early revenue buckets or revenue based financing was our first product it in many ways was an ideal first product because it lends itself. Best to automation. Um. You you sort of if you look at the historical kind of alternative financing alternative credit landscape. There’s a lot of rbf lenders in ecommerce and saas and we thought the model would actually apply really well in the context of climate and it would also allow us to. Explore lending to both startups and small businesses which have very unique. They’re often look very different both in terms of the revenue trajectory but also in terms of the systems they use how they manage their accounting etc like there’s there’s a lot of what’s the word I’m looking for There’s just a lot of variability and so the revenue based financing was kind of an an attractive entry point and that meant that you know because we’re sort of on the initial portfolio we have ah a higher end cap on how much money we’re willing to put into any individual company because we don’t want to get overexposed and so. What that means is that we sort of artificially limited our initial customer pool to this sort of folks who have you know north of half a million in trailing twelve month revenue but less than call it 5 to 10000000 in trailing twelve month revenue and

James McWalter

Ah, yeah, yeah.

James McWalter

Yeah, and I’d love to just kind of get into some of the specifics around revenue-based financing you know I think a lot of the listeners will be familiar with traditional venture. They’ll be yeah familiar with even a lot of startups have founded themselves just with.

Dimitry Gershenson

Yeah, go ahead.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure.

James McWalter

Too many credit cards or you know, ah kind of ah a quick personal loan. Whatever it is just to get something up and running and there’s been a kind of growth in revenue financing one of the big companies pipe and some of these folks have kind of emerged in the last few years so yeah so I’d love to kind of just you know understand a little bit more about revenue financing as a model and. You know the pros and cons of that compared to some other you know, maybe more common forms of financing and.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure so I think maybe at first you got to split the capital available to entrepreneurs into two buckets diluted versus not so dilutive instruments. That’s you know your equity. Um, some debt can also be diluted because it has warrants or conversion principles that you have to sort of account for um, but that’s that bucket and then in the non-d diluto bucket. You have grants and you have debt those are the only types of capital there are and revenue based financing is a type of debt. It’s just not structured the way that. Think what most folks think of when they think debt base sort of imagine term loans where you sort of pay interest. You have principal payments if you miss payments you’re in default and gets really painful. Well revenue based financing takes a different approach to lending and so. In in our case, we provide a company capital and they give us a fixed percentage of revenue for an estimated term that allows us to like hit our our target returns we actually publish our term sheet on our website. So anybody who is interested in our capital can actually see. All of the dynamics of the product before they even apply. Um, and you know typically we’re lending sort of like less than half a million on the first go around that number will go up next year once we have a larger capital facility ourselves. But today we’re lending up to half a million

Dimitry Gershenson

Generally in exchange for anywhere from like 3 to 7% of top line revenue and typically it’s on like an estimated two year term. So now that capital that comes with with no collateral requirements. No personal guarantee requirements. There are no warrants. There’s no conversion There’s no complicated covenants. It’s like really simple, really fast. It’s you know is it more expensive than a traditional bank loan sure but the bank you know will take your personal. Assets as collateral in case, there’s a default and so if your business goes down the toilet your house is going with it and in our case, we will. We will never do that.

James McWalter

Right? And and even you know even besides those folks who have a house to to lose you know often Banks just won’t engage in technical startups Anyways, right? because they won’t really they already have the prism of what the kind of assets that those kind of companies are building until they’re quite large.

Dimitry Gershenson

That’s right, That’s right.

Dimitry Gershenson

Yeah I mean I think in general banks won’t lend unless there’s yeah 3 years of trailing revenue history. There’s a lot of collateral and even then they still want a personal guarantee and often those.

James McWalter

Have yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

Multiple factors are like very difficult for a startup or a small business to achieve because even if you’re like you can be profitable and have a lot of history of of performance. But if you go to a bank and you have no collateral on your business balance sheet that you can put up in in order to secure the loan. They generally won’t do it unless you’re very large.

James McWalter

And as I think about yeah, where revenue-based financing might be suitable or not I’d imagine you you have both the type of company in terms of you know what? what’s their product and you know are they climate of course and not E to your your business but then also the business model of the company itself you know are there more.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah.

James McWalter

Are some business models more suitable for this kind of financing than others right.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure, yeah, so for for revenue based financing. We typically look at one of sort of 4 models. 1 is pure software so typically Sas another is small. Or smaller hardware where there’s like a higher frequency of purchase and so there’s consistent growing revenue over time and there’s typically higher gross margins because we generally want to see about ah ah at least a 35% gross margin in order for us to do our behalf. Um.

Dimitry Gershenson

We’ll look at recurring services businesses or or services businesses with repeat purchases where maybe they don’t have a long-term contract but the same customers keep coming back and showing that there’s like repeat value and then we’ll also look at a hybrid model of any one of those 3 and so we. You know we kind of push the boundaries of where people historically have applied revenue based financing I think if you look at most of the other alternative finance players in the market they generally stick to saas some of them will do recurring services most of them won’t do hardware and and I think you know to some degree that’s been driven by. A lot of assumptions and sort of concerns about macro risks that in our case, we think climate creates a very unique sort of market opportunity where demand. At ah at a market level from consumers, enterprises, corporates, governments, etc. We kind of only go in one direction and there’s a lot of secondary factors that drive positive trends in the market including you know government incentives things like the ira etc which like don’t. Necessarily exist if you lend across Saas or if you lend an ecommerce and so that’s why we’re we’re comfortable, kind of pushing the bounds and and testing this model out with with businesses that often don’t look like what others will necessarily revenue base finance.

James McWalter

Exactly.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, you know with our grant advance products we those restrictions don’t apply. We’re very comfortable advancing against grants regardless of the business model as long as it’s in climate and those grants are coming from State or federal sources.

James McWalter

And and just on that I actually have a little bit of personal experience. Um on you know the grant problem so a few years ago. A good friend of mine was involved in an arpe e soil carbon grant it was a 7 figure Grant and they wouldn’t get it for nine months and so they you know are trying to take this particular type of so science and and convert it it into a product right? that is something they can build. It was a piece of hardware. Um, and they had to raise and they went out and they raised a seed and basically it was a very um derisk seed from the seed. Investor’s point of view right.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah.

James McWalter

Could literally point to there’s going to be a couple million dollars coming into this company in nine months but they needed working capital right? because they didn’t you know the government was slower than startups right? So they needed to kind of get ahead. Want to start building the prototype and all that kind of thing. Um, and so I guess like compared to the type of work that you’re doing.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, right.

James McWalter

Um, you’re eliminating that early dilution if you if you can avoid it at all.

Dimitry Gershenson

Oh yeah I mean it’s this is like a very common refrain that we hear is that folks will you know they’ll win a Doe Grant Usda grant california energy commission niceerta you name it, you pick an agency and most of them will tell you you’re getting the money. Somewhere in that 6 to nine month range before they actually start reimbursing you for expenses against the grant and that time is really painful and to your point folks will often go and raise equity. Which at that stage is incredibly expensive capital I mean it’s like 10 x more expensive than I think our grand advance on an effective irr basis because folks are you know they’re often getting sort of presee or see prices and they’re expecting a I don’t know hundred x return if they’re vtting at that stage. And so our our terms are very very different and in many ways we’re offering folks a product that I don’t I don’t think anybody else offers today and we’re pretty excited about the response we’re getting from the market.

James McWalter

Why do why? doesn’t it exist. It is actually shocking when because I saw ah you mentioned this you know I follow you of course on Twitter and um I think it was only a few weeks ago when when this is announced and I was like of course like like I literally had this conversation with my friend who was going through this whole thing about a year and a half ago and it never even.

Dimitry Gershenson

Right.

James McWalter

Kind of occurred to us that there was somebody who was doing an upfront loan like immediately both of our minds went to venture right? like that was the default because we didn’t even consider it but it seems just with the amount of money not just in the United States but around the world going into various grant programs. Not just for climate. But for ah other kind of applications.

Dimitry Gershenson

Right.

James McWalter

You know it’s surprising when you have literally a commitment of capital from the government in a sub one year period that no ah other financial institution has taken advantage to that.

Dimitry Gershenson

I I agree we’ve seen we’ve seen sort of boutique Lenders. Do this in limited context but and and and there are folks who do this with certain um tax incentives. So Like. There’s a group that that advances against R and D Tax credits that we’ve seen. But yeah, we’ve never we’ve never seen folks doing this at scale lending against state or Federal Grant funds especially in climate and so yeah I mean look the the opportunity is so vague that. I I would be I would welcome A many folks doesn’t want to come in and do this I think just in the Us It’s north at 30000000000 a year in funds that are dispersed through these mechanisms based on you know our conversations with folks who write these grants manage these grants et cetera and that’s ah, that’s a pretty.

James McWalter

Structure.

Dimitry Gershenson

Large amount.

James McWalter

And you know you have these 2 products now out what does it take to get a financial product live right? It’s you know finance I think it can be often complex people or at least from the outside you hear words like underwriting and like all these different things. You know what What’s the process from going to like. You know, look. We have this c climate round advance just because I’m naming it because it’s the more recent innovation but going from that as an idea through to it going live you know who are the kinds of people that you either have to have your your team or consult with to get to that stage.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

So that’s a good question I think there’s a lot of pieces to this right one is that you need to actually have the permission to lend. So maybe we’ll start with compliance. You know these aren’t necessarily in in this order but these are like the key pillars right? so.

James McWalter

And.

Dimitry Gershenson

Need to be able to lend in a lot of the us commercial lending isn’t super regulated as long as you have like a signed contract in place most states allow business to be into business lending without much regulation. There are exceptions the state of California is one. We’re a licensed lender in the state of California that process took a long time is like a very long and painful process which ah it was just under a year I think um.

James McWalter

Yeah, are we saying over year or like just what’s long.

Dimitry Gershenson

Maybe a little less than that. Um, the thing is like you know it kind of depends on where you’re at you can you can technically do 1 or 2 loans in California business to business before you apply for your lending license and if you’ve done transactions. Ah, process is actually longer because they they sort of dig into those as well as the track record of the people who own the business. The people who run the business etc. There’s like a very large amount of diligence that’s done by the ah you know the sort of financial protection agency there. Um, so that’s compliance 2 you you know you need a team that can actually do underwriting who can understand sort of risk in ah in the context of credit who can understand where can a transaction break down with the grant advance. We spent a bit of time talking to um.

Dimitry Gershenson

I Mean one we sort of structured it internally and then we talked to a number of experts externally to sort of nail down the dynamics of the product because there’s there’s a lot of intentionality behind how the fees are charged and when and and sort of how the structure works and then um, you know you have to do ah a pilot transaction.

Dimitry Gershenson

Typically with capital off your balance sheets. You have to take some personal Well personal corporate risk to prove that the product is investible, um and and then you know if you have an outside credit facility. Ah you know or an outside fund or whatever where you have.

James McWalter

Yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

External investors you have to convince them that that this is a product worth investing with under the mandate that you already have and so in our case, you know we we did 2 pilot deals and then we went to our investors for our first debt facility and we said hey we’d like to incorporate this product into our lending and they all. It’s unanimously approved and then and then we rolled it out. Um, so you know I I would say it was like ah at least a six month process from kind of start to making it public. Um, but there was actually quite a lot of work that happened before that.

Dimitry Gershenson

Where you know we we sort of understood the market. We did the homework we talked to entrepreneurs we tried to understand sort of where people where people’s comforts levels are around pricing and structure and what they what do they actually need in this product and you know frankly I wouldn’t be surprised if in six nine twelve months our grant advance looks very different.

James McWalter

But.

James McWalter

I and I guess that kind of goes to this quarithos I was reading on your website like 1 of the values of during planet is to be very kind of founder first and this is something.

Dimitry Gershenson

And it does today because we’re constantly getting feedback on how we can improve it.

James McWalter

That you know but bo you and I we have raised venture for our our current startups and a lot of people in the venture side right? Everyone’s founder first right? Um, so I guess how do you about you know, making sure that that value is kind of en shr in yeah, the products in the company you’re building.

Dimitry Gershenson

Yeah, yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

So we I mean we think about the the sort of the impact on on founders and and teams at every step of that sort of customer experience. So one is we have I would say pretty radical transparency when it comes to how we lend and. And what our instruments look like and what the process will look like with revenue based financing. We even built a tool that allows folks to estimate how much money they could raise from us before they even apply they don’t have to like sign up for any marketing. They don’t have to do anything weird. They can just play around with a calculator. Um. We also make the application itself very short and very simple so it takes about 10 minutes to apply for funding with us. It’s I would argue pretty effortless and then we also you know, spend a lot of time thinking about. How we communicate and negotiate throughout the the actual loan process. So once somebody’s applied generally they can expect to see a term she you within a week which is pretty fast that and that time is going to get much shorter as we sort of enshrine some of the automation we’ve been building over the last twelve months and we also are very clear about what we’re looking for and what we need and what’s missing I think a lot of the time you know as you and I probably both experienced raising money when you raise from vcs there is no incentive for good communication and.

Dimitry Gershenson

What it means is that often you will pitch someone and this won’t follow up or they’ll follow up at a random time or they’ll wait for you to get a lead or like you know they might turn you down but they won’t tell you why there’s like all these things that happen when you’re raising venture. Where in our case, we just don’t do that. So if you if you are not a fitter for our financing. We tell you exactly why we set up check-ins to make sure that we are aware of when you hit the mostones that we need to see for you to be sort of investible and like you know we we spend a lot of time. Making sure that founders have a good experience raising money from us and then beyond that we’ve built a pretty robust network like a pretty pretty big community of folks that bring additional value to the companies that we engage with even if they’re not our portfolio Businesses. So.

James McWalter

Yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

We have a network of over two hundred and fifty vcs so we shared deal flow with and we will connect founders to those vcs whether their portfolio companies ours or not obviously the referral looks different if it’s somebody. We’re invested in but we’re we’re very open to make the introductions and.

Dimitry Gershenson

We’ve also have a network like I think close to 40 partners now that offer discounted services to climate entrepreneurs around pitch Deck design. Yeah fractional cfo bookkeeping and accounting Grant writing you name it. We probably have a resource for you and we’re very Like. We’re not shy about sharing those resources in in our mind climate entrepreneurs should have capital to build the solutions that they’re building at the pace that they are able to absorb that capital whether it’s our money or not because the the world’s on fire.

James McWalter

You Ah absolutely and within that though you also have ah which you might be finding. Ah you know non-climate companies. Did they ever approach you because.

Dimitry Gershenson

We don’t have time to fuck around.

James McWalter

1 of the things we are having um in my own company is. We’ve had some data centers and I won’t get into details of of our own product and my kind of day job startup. But yeah, we had data centers and you know cannabis farms and all these kind of things um, try to use our product and.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure.

James McWalter

Um, I’m like oh do use renewable energy right? I Do you have some sort of climate peace and and they don’t and so in that case, we actually don’t We won’t work with them as customers um have you had anybody come in and you know say hey you know this this house sounds great. But yeah, we’re not really doing anything in the climate you know, will you make an exception and I guess how do you evaluate that? yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

Ah, we you know it’s interesting. So our our application form sort of limits. People’s ability to apply unless they can define a climate narrative if if. If we don’t see it. We’ll often. That’s the first check is like hey can you help us understand how you are driving impact around the climate crisis we’re we’re pretty flexible with our definition of what’s sort of in scope or not as long as we see a path towards reducing emissions. Removing carbon out of the atmosphere or supporting adaptation and resilience we’re we’re pretty flexible. Um, and we’ve had to turn companies down in the past that don’t have a strong enough climate story we had at 1 point a business applied that was doing sort of oh god what was it? ah. Like a marketplace for beach related products I think and you know like I get that that sort of coral reefs are threatened as a result of climate change I get that. Um you know, obviously like people’s ability to enjoy the beach. It. Might be impacted by climate change. But if they come to us and said hey you know all the products we sell are 0 carbon and they’re all like friendly towards its coral reef restoration and that’s like a core ethos then they would have been in scope. But if they but because they don’t have that.

Dimitry Gershenson

That to us was not a strong enough link for us to fund So We we spend you know most most of the deals we’d see are very much in scope and we you know we’ll spend time to understand those edge cases so that we can make sure we’re not missing opportunities but also to make sure that we’re like staying true to our mission. Which is to be investing in the space.

James McWalter

And one of the things you kind of mentioned a little bit earlier is you know, being quite public and transparent and you know a lot of folks. Not that many I would say on average but like there’s more and more folks who are what they call building in public right? being very open about their process being very open on their steps.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah.

26:01.26

James McWalter

Actually you’ve gone to you know a very high degree of this because I know you had a Techcrunch review your a pitch deck and so just and which I read with great interest a few months ago when I came out and I’m sure it’s been really beneficial to a lot of folks to kind of see you know how like you know, basically it’s a critique of your pitch deck.

Dimitry Gershenson

That’s right.

James McWalter

Even though it’s successful in in raising money. It still kind of demystifies. A lot of these elements and so yeah I guess was building in public like this very kind of conscious decision and I guess what are the pros and cons of you know building in that kind of way right.

Dimitry Gershenson

Yeah, yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

You know I don’t know if we take it to the same degree that I’ve seen other folks do I know there are companies who like make their all their ah financials public through there’s like a service that can sort of link into your banking and accounting and like publish core metrics and um.

Dimitry Gershenson

We don’t We. Don’t go that far I think for us we we feel very strongly about our role as a kind of enabling community-driven player in this ecosystem and whether it’s our capital our network our lessons. We want those things to be available to entrepreneurs who are you know building solutions for climate and I think that in some ways it almost feels like it’s not a choice because the stakes are so high. And I don’t think it actually generally benefits anyone to be super like closed off in this process. The the market is insanely huge. The opportunity is is just so Vast. It’s almost incomprehensible. And so you know even if somebody showed up tomorrow doing what we do I I like I wouldn’t even be worried about I’d want to help them build their business so that we could put more more money in the hands of climate Entrepreneurs. So I think you know one of the things that is has helped us is that it.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sort of cements this brand and and shows people that we’re like we’re we’re not um, we’re We’re not our goal is not to be an extractive actor in this ecosystem but it’s to contribute and to be part of a community and to.

Dimitry Gershenson

Help other people be successful and you know just today somebody approached us for funding and we talked about their model and I was like you shouldn’t take our money like there’s better money for you out. There. Let me connect you to the people who can provide you capital. That’s more aligned with the needs of your business like we could probably make it work but but then it just It’s like not the right capital. It’s not the right structure for what you’re trying to build and I think folks should have the conversations more often like I would love to see vcs who when somebody pitches them for funding. They say oh you’re trying to raise 3000000 but you’re planning to spend 1000000 of that on marketing like.

James McWalter

Now are.

Dimitry Gershenson

Why don’t you just raise 2 and then I’ll help you find some revenue based financing for that extra million so that you’re not taking on crazy expensive dilut of capital to find your business instead. They general like oh cool, more allocation like I’ll take it. But I think if we all sort of took that alternate position I think we would. I’ll be better off.

James McWalter

Yeah, it’s so interesting I mean first on the kind of competitive point. It’s one of the wonderful aspects of being in the climate space is that how helpful everybody is and you know I’ve taken calls with competitors. You know I’ve I’ve been helpful where I can and being very open to like.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah.

James McWalter

You know, disqualifying potential users. You know if they’re not very core right? So that they can get value elsewhere is is kind of super important and you know and we kind of touch upon at the beginning and I’ve talked I think actually think to 1 or 2 um vcs I’ve had on the podcast in the the past about how there definitely is this lack. Are nearly like a missing middle of financing right? and it’s actually come up more on the project financing side where somebody’s trying to build some piece of infrastructure and they’re using you know venture-backed capital to like build something that is just incredibly expensive, right? You think about like something like a vertical farm right?? um.

Dimitry Gershenson

Event.

Dimitry Gershenson

Jeff.

James McWalter

If you’re building a vertical farm you’re building physical assets in the real world Now you might want to raise venture for your technical team and your software team to manage you know some sort of software that does a certain type of lighting and all this kind of thing but the physical hardware and the physical real estate. Um, it’s very very expensive to use equity-based.

James McWalter

Ah, financing for that and I think a lot of it’s just been you know founders have been exposed and or haven’t been the products and available to actually say okay I’m going to have a slightly more complex Capital Stack. You know 40% of it’s going to be in this bucket 30% in this bucket in the in this other bucket. Um up to now like. I Don’t think people thought in terms of like okay I might have to have a slight more complexity in order to kind of maximize the value and make sure the right book is a capital are being used for the right things.

Dimitry Gershenson

Absolutely you know it’s it’s always really interesting to me when companies spend a lot of time optimizing for their technical stack or their like organizational structure or their yeah, whatever it may be but then when they think about capital they have like a very simplistic view on what’s available how it should be used when it should be raised I can’t tell you the number of times I’ve talked to a founder and I said hey you know we think you’d be a good fit for this product and they’re like oh it’s okay, I’m I’m I’m raising venture right now and I’m like okay, but. You do know that the cost of that bench capital is like 5 x higher than what we’re what we’re offering what any like really anybody would offer for this particular use case and I think you know I think it’s okay, like it’s not It’s not founder’s fault that. In this position I think there’s a lot of sort of weird dogmatic narrative especially in the venture back startup community where like it’s like venture and venture debt. Those are the 2 products that people know and and like venture debt is this kind of like weird instrument that people sort of sometimes talk about but really, it’s about venture and you you know you you raised when you have 6 to nine months of runway and. That’s kind of like the model and it’s it’s it’s actually not geared towards the best outcomes for founders and their teams. It’s that those types of models are way more beneficial to investors who can secure greater allocation greater ownership greater control and so like.

Dimitry Gershenson

There’s nothing wrong with bench capital. You know we’re venturebacked we we have so we we love the folks that invested in us. They’ve been incredibly value additive to our process and like we’re raising around now you know there there is a role for bench capital to play but also. If we funded our entire loan book with venture capital we I don’t like I don’t know if it would even be possible like people just wouldn’t give us the money to do that. Um, and it and we would have to kind of be so be smaller and and still have to grow grow fast if it just be like a total mass and so I think that. Um, one of the things that’s been really exciting over the last few years in climate is that there’s this emergence and sort of explosion of creative financing that is slowly becoming available across the whole sort of gamut of need right? So both on the corporate and. Project finance universe um, but there’s still a lot of gaps I mean look man. You know we talked about the the $5000000000000 gap like a lot of that is actually not because money is available and it’s just not flowing. It’s that like the the products don’t necessarily even exist in the ecosystem they may exist elsewhere in in capital markets. But they’re not being applied to climate for you know, 1 reason or another and so we see a lot of opportunity there and I think other folks are starting to sort of wake up to that as well is that hey if we’re gonna if we’re actually going to try to keep us the two degree. C.

Dimitry Gershenson

And insane amount of money needs to flow into the space and it has to look very different than what it looks like today.

James McWalter

Yeah, and personally you know I think one of the big bright spots in the economy right now is everything to do with climate clean energy in particular with you know and some of the kind of carbon sequestration parts that Ira is funding or helping to ah yeah, yeah, kind of firear means that. You have a ton of traction and growth happening with certain companies but evaluations have been crushed because of the broader market. You know, maybe it’d be nice to be able to delay fundraising and that six to nine months right and so revenue-based financing enables that and it’s actually honestly something we’ll probably you know deeply consider next year we’re kind of running off to our own kind of next round and it’s great to have that as an option.

James McWalter

And again, you know the right tool for the right use and so you still kind of think through all the different options. Um, but you know we’re you’re talking a lot about kind of the opportunities on the financing Side. You’re being exposed to a lot of different types of climate companies doing a lot of cool things. What’s kind of getting you excited and also I guess where you wish there’s more innovation you know where are kind of some. Bots that are being you know I guess underutilized and smart entrepreneurs could kind of focus on it and say oh,, there’s actually a lot of kind of blue space in this particular area.

Dimitry Gershenson

So it’s funny I get this question a lot and I have like maybe the most disappointing answer I can possibly give I am so excited about all of it. We see we see companies every single day that span the gamut from.

James McWalter

That right.

Dimitry Gershenson

You know, really frontier crazy I don’t know refrigeration tack to like compost subscription businesses in major metropolitan areas and they’re equally exciting to me right? I I I see. There’s so much like innovation and growth even in this like small business space and for us the things that matter are like are you did you have you found a customer and is it working right? like like. You know we look at the financial performance of the business. Not necessarily how many tons is it going to eliminate. Not you know um, like how how exciting is the Tam. We’re like oh are you selling a thing are you are you. Doing better this year than you were last year are your are your margins. They’re cool. We can do revenue based financing or oh hey, are you did you win a big grant and you don’t want to wait like cool. We can advance against that grant and I I think for us what What’s awesome is that there’s this really incredible. Universe of entrepreneurs that are building these solutions that come from all sorts of places and all sorts of backgrounds. We prioritize investing in underrepresented founders endeavors teams and I’m proud to say that I think 80% of our portfolio conforms to our like dei criteria and.

Dimitry Gershenson

And think so a similar percentage of our sort of forward looking pipeline does and I’m just like stok to to back these people to build all sorts of different solutions from compostable diapers to you know power system Management hardware and software that. That supports grade resiliency in disasters like those those things are comparable to me in terms of excitement is that Weird. Ah.

James McWalter

And it’s it’s not and and honest see I mean well let’s that’s the inspirational bit right? like there’s there’s a role for everyone. You know, take take the pie take the things you know right? like look around the the problems you see and there’s tons of opportunities. Um, but Demetri just been brilliant. Really enjoyed it before we live. Leave off is there anything I should have asked you about but did not.

Dimitry Gershenson 

Ah, yeah, it’s a good question I mean I think maybe just to say like if people want our kind of capital where should they go. They should go to enduring planet dot com and they can just click apply now and. Put an application takes 10 minutes and they get a termm sheet in a week so if you want some founder friendly flexible, fast non diluted financing. You know where to find us.

James McWalter

Yeah, and we’re going to include in particular the link to the calculator because I think that’s a great first step when I was trying to get ah get a handle. It’s like oh this this is exactly you know you put in your a you know your monthly revenue you put in a couple other numbers and all of a sudden. It’s like okay this is the kind of range I could potentially.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah, excellent.

Dimitry Gershenson

Or yeah, perfect love that. Thank you so much you too.

James McWalter

Um, utilize and it makes a ton of sense.

James McWalter

Well thank you Dimitry Gershenson is progression.

Financial Carbon Accounting – E114

Great to chat with Jonathan Nwosu, Co-Founder and CEO at ClimaView, software that analyzes financed emissions and enable sustainable finance products! We discussed measuring bank emissions, the Mom Test, how to make early enterprise sales, the difficulties of gathering clean data and more!

https://carbotnic.com/climaview

Download Podcast Here: https://plinkhq.com/i/1518148418

To contact Jonathan about their fundraising, please email him here

Remember, If you want to support the podcast please rate and review 5 stars on  Apple, Thanks so much! 

James

The unedited podcast transcript is below

James McWalter

Hello today we’re speaking with Jonathan Nwosu founder at Climaview. welcome to podcast dot Jonathan Nwosuathan.

Jonathan Nwosu

Hey James yeah, really glad to be on the podcast. Thanks for having me really excited to get things going.

James McWalter

Bridge at the start. Can you tell us a little bit about Climaview. 

Jonathan Nwosu

Yeah, absolutely so clean of you is a software platform and essentially what we do is we help banks measure their emissions and their finance emissions which then enables them to build green sustainable financial products.

James McWalter

And what drove that initial decision to start Clima View.

Jonathan Nwosu

Yeah that’s a great question and it’s a question that we think about a lot. So what the reason we decided to build clean view was because um, me and my co-founders. We knew we wanted to work in the climate space. We looked at all the challenges that were going on in the world and we realized that climate was. Um, one of the biggest challenges that humanity faces over the next ten or twenty years so this is a space that we decided to focus on. But even though we knew we wanted to focus on climate. We didn’t quite know which space in climate to focus on and this is where we started with customer discovery so in about. Span of about 6 to eight months we started interviewing over 150 people I those people included esg analysts industry experts investors climate operators pretty much anyone that you can think of that’s working in the esg in climate space. Um, and then we started to see some common themes and some common patterns and one of the challenges that we saw was that banks and financial institutions really struggled to measure their finance emissions and as a result they really struggled to build green financial products. And I can dive into more detail as to what that actually means.

James McWalter

Yeah, and I guess those 150 people and I think it’s a really good lesson for anybody thinking about starting a company. You know you do have to talk to a lot of potential users reinsend the problem. How do you find those people.

Jonathan Nwosu

So yeah, another great question so we um, we found those people through ah various means um one was just our extended network. So we sort of leveraged our existing network. Um, and so we just randomly hit up people on Linkedin. We sent lots of messages. We sent lots of cold messages. Um, we had lots of warm introductions and we sent lots of emails. Ah but we also ah all met at Oxford University which is where we all studied and therefore we had access to quite a wide range of professors and climate experts from our university. Um, and we really leveraged that um connection that we had to the university to go back to speak to some of our old professors and to speak to some ah professors in the climate school there as well. Um, but it was just mainly a lot of hustling and really just a lot of work. But.

James McWalter

And you mentioned your cofounders you all went to University together I Guess you know how were you kind of previously friends were you working on projects together were you studying the same things. You know how did that kind of cofounder relationship develop.

Jonathan Nwosu

Yeah I think with any sort of great Businesses. We All did start off as friends so men was actually on my course so I was doing software engineering. Um and we also met tech shesh as well Who was studying climate physics. Um, and we did start off as friends initially we were just all super passionate. Super ambitious and. We really knew we wanted to make a change in the world as Cliche as that may sounds but we knew we wanted to have lasting impact. Um, and we realized we could have lasting impact within the climate space and that’s why we chose to focus specifically on this climates on this climate challenge. Um, but.

Jonathan Nwosu

We knew that one of the key ways that we could have impact was through starting a business and that’s exactly what we chose to do I think um, we had this kind of common understanding that entrepreneurship was a way ah for us to create the change that we wanted to see out into the world. Um, and we knew that the only way we could kind of create this change was by starting a business. Um, so it became pretty obvious really early on that it was right for us to so start a business.. There was great team synergy at the very beginning we were all friends as I mentioned um and we were all passionate about this space Now we have um, individual reasons as to why we’re tackling Climate. Ah, but we all had this kind of common gold and common vision um of trying to leave the earth in a better condition than I guess where we found it.

James McWalter

So yeah, one of the ways I kind of think about it is is a lot of these kind of big levers that individuals and organizations can can use to combat climateish and governmental is like 1 obviously big lever activism ah, you know, very very large corporates have various levers. They can pull. But obviously you know the the emets of this startup and like the community that that I’m part of and and that you’re part of is the lever around you know, early stage fast moving startups that try to have a very very large impact and a very very short amount of time and I think all these levers are necessary. We basically have to get you know. A a to a plus decisions and motion across all lers to really you know combat to the level that we need to um, but that makes some of sense right? because you can’t do all them right? I think the people who are like oh I’m going to be governmental and also doing the startup thing on the side. Um, that never works you have to kind of be really really full in on one of these directions. And then that’s how you have the greatest impact and you know as you were kind of going through. You know the process of like talking to people listening to different problems and ideas that would have a potential climate impact was there ever were there any other kind of ideas that you came close to moving forward with that. You decided against so.

Jonathan Nwosu

And yeah I would I guess I’m going to start that off by saying I completely agree. There’s um, on your previous statement that is um, there’s a lot of things that we could have done and there’s more than one way to sort of um, be a catalyst for change right? We looked our our existing skill set and we. Essentially a group of physicists and and engineers and we thought we’re really good with technology and therefore we decided to take a tech first approach and um in trying to solve this problem but you’re right in saying that there’s um, other ways to solve the climate challenge such as activism and obviously um, working in politics and fruit of the regulatory lens as well.

Jonathan Nwosu

But just to answer your second question. Yeah, there’s a ton of really bad ideas that we worked on initially um and I think um as we were interviewing 150 people ah we actually started um, putting out theories. Um, and start we started putting out assumptions right? And these assumptions were basically startup ideas.

James McWalter

I absolutely.

Jonathan Nwosu

Um, one of the ideas that we had really early on was ah we wanted to introduce carbon neutral meals to restaurants. Um, so anytime and you would go to a restaurant. You’d basically pay a little bit extra to basically make your ah meal carbon neutral and to offset um your meal. Um, and we thought that this was like the best idea that had ever been created. But I think in hindsight it. It was a pretty terrible idea but it’s one of the ideas that we had really early On. We didn’t pursue it much further I think we did a lot of validation and we spoke to a lot of people and we realized that this is something that a lot of like restaurants don’t Need. Um.

James McWalter

And.

Jonathan Nwosu

You know I think you’re probably well aware James that ah most small businesses. They’re really really um, struggling to just survive and they’re struggling to meet to make ends meet. Um, so the last thing that they’re sort of thinking about is introducing more expensive pricing for their customers. Um, but. And yeah, it just wasn’t it wasn’t a great idea for that’s only of the ideas that we had and I’m pretty sure we had plenty more um but then after 150 interviews you do get a a good grasp of what some of the key challenges are in certain sectors and that’s how we kind of stumbled upon. Um. The idea that claim if he’s working on now.

James McWalter

Yeah, yeah, a lot of investors will use the kind of terminology of is it a vitamin or you know like a pain color right? something that it’s nice to have or or need to have I don’t personally the the the thing because sometimes you know like a vitamin gets you you know, preventative and all these kind of things.

Jonathan Nwosu

Interactive and seconding.

James McWalter

But I actually had my own. Um, pretty arguably bad idea. Although anybody listening things feel free to try it themselves which was sms ah chatbots aimed at farmers to prompt them into more climate friend. Friendly decisions based on their specific farm right? because it would do some geo-occation on on you know where the farmers receiving it. And and yeah I grew up on a farm and it is just hard to sell to farmers and so the tech was actually pretty easy in that case like we you know myself and a couple of friends we we spun something up pretty quickly but trying to get users is always you know nearly always the major challenge with startups right? Usually it’s market risk more than technical risk and so as you’re kind of thinking through then.

James McWalter

You know you have ah an idea you’ve tried a few different ideas like okay this specific idea which became clean of you. That’s the one we’re moving forward with from that point what was the kind of next step was it building an Mvp was it trying to sign up some you know early waitlist users like what what would those next couple of months look like.

Jonathan Nwosu

I yeah, it’s a great question. Um I was going to say though James that doesn’t actually sound like a bad idea the farmer in the sms chap but I was just like I’m really sure that will be actually pretty useful. Um night three.

James McWalter

But if if if the farmer the but for the farmer right? It’s not yet a pain Killer right? So if the farmer was feeling the pressure to have the climate friendly impact. Um you know, but but similar to you you in the conversation we’re having about the restaurant idea like the margins are so thin that until you have either regulatory pressure or some other.

Jonathan Nwosu

Um, exactly.

James McWalter

Lever that actually pushes them I think maybe it’s just too early. But yeah, you know so but somebody should try it. Yeah.

Jonathan Nwosu

Yeah, yeah, exactly? Um, but I guess just won’t see your question in terms of how we further developed the idea. So I guess we developed the idea in 3 kind of core stages one was just. Um, the first part was just that we did a lot of customer discovery right? So as I mentioned for like 6 to eight months we built nothing. There was no code, no nothing, no product, no demo nothing like that we were just having conversations and I think what that did was it helped us really understand the space better than most people out there and. Just by intensely focusing on this space for 6 to eight months where we just we read. We listened to podcasts. Um, we read books we spoke to industry experts. We were able to learn really really quickly and we were able to learn at a really accelerated pace. Um. And then we identified one problem and 1 of the core challenges was that banks and financial institutions um have a hard time in measuring their scope three finance emissions and I’ll dive into what that actually means um so let’s take a bank like Jp Morgan or Hsbc. Um, if one of these large banks gives maybe a billion dollars to um x on mobile and Exxon Mobile um carries out oil exploration work with that and that leads to further emissions. Um those emissions that are created are actually part of Jp Morgans or Hsbc’s wider emissions and these are known as finance emissions.

Jonathan Nwosu

So even though J P Morgan and Hsbc were not directly relevant to the contribution of these emissions. Um, it’s actually still um, a duty for the bank to report on these emissions. Um, and it turns out that they really struggle to figure out what that quantifiable number is. Um, and that’s what we’re helping these banks and financial institutions really do Um, and so what we did was we created a bunch of demos we showed it to some of these banks and we were like hey if we actually build out a fully fledged solution would you pay for it. Um, and it turns out that some of them will um and some of them have um so that’s. That sort of leads us into the the third and final part which is um, we’re sort of now in the process of creating a paid pilot with one of the largest banks here in the u k so some really really exciting times and we sort of approach this whole startup journey in a really methodical way and we read this book called that disciplined entrepreneur which is. Fantastic and I would highly recommend it to anyone building out a business because it really forces you to think about business from like first principles and it really forces you to think about um business from a very methodical and logical process and we made very few assumptions that.

James McWalter

Yeah I love that and other kind of similar books that tackle kind of similar approaches things like the mom test and a few others where you have to presume very little. Um, you just have to you know, be incredibly humble about the problem space and then you can be you know, very very innovative on the on the solution side right.

Jonathan Nwosu

Oh yeah.

Jonathan Nwosu

Um, exactly.

James McWalter

But but you know we are you know quotequote the idiots right? Even if it’s a problem you yourself have had you’re like Okay, what is the user. How are they solving it. You know how are they solving it from a time and money point of view and so on and and and this kind of progress and I think it’s it’s ah also this very common problem that a lot of startups. Get.

Jonathan Nwosu

Yes.

Jonathan Nwosu

Exactly spot on.

James McWalter

Caught up it and in previous startups to to one I’m working on now I also did that where you are either over build before you validate really the market demand and there’s nearly nothing worse than building too early because you’ve now built something and you’re looking for customers for your product rather than um, ah building a product for your customers and all of a sudden. Yeah, once something exists that you put hours into or days or weeks or months it’s like you know you’re nearly naturally going to be somewhat defensive of that effort and then if users don’t want it. It’s like okay well the users are wrong. Let’s go find some users who actually want to use our product and so many startups get caught up in that and again I’ve I’ve also had that issue in the past. Whereas if you go and you just have mockups and you try to you know, ideally, try to sign some letters of intent even if they’re nonbinding um, and again as you said that you can start with free or free demos and and kind of start moving into paid pilots from there. You just start to move along this kind of. Trust. You know this trust process and then you’re also iterating right? It’s a lot easier to iterate on a deck than it is to iterate you know with code um and so I think you know the kind of approach you’ve taken so far makes a ton of sense and so now that you are starting to work with this. You know this first kind of cornerstone. Um potential customer for the paid pilot. You know how are you thinking about like you know the the onboarding of that when we talk about scope 3 emissions like these are near Toby definition. Very very hard to measure and so what’s the kind of methodology that you’re taking to a problem right.

Jonathan Nwosu

And yeah, that’s a great question I’m so glad you mentioned the mum test because that’s a book that we heavily relied upon in the early days it is a goldm mine. Um, it’s such a good book if you’re thinking of starting a business or in a or in a process of starting 1 I would definitely definitely recommend it. Um.

James McWalter

Yeah, it’s it’s ah it’s a mom test in America mom tests and in the U K and mam test in Ireland you know.

Jonathan Nwosu

I love that yeah actually spent some quite some time in in Ireland I used to live in I and I see you also grew up in island um, which is pretty cool. Um, yeah in terms of how we’re thinking about integrating um and onboarding and you know just diving deeper into how the technology works.

James McWalter

Yeah.

Jonathan Nwosu

Um, so a lot of our calculations or we figure out scope 3 finance emissions ah based on transactions data. Um, so we’re quite lucky that we’re really just focused of banks and financial institutions. Um, and banks have a lot of transactions data. So basically going back to the example that I gave before of. Ah, Jpmorgan Chase giving out loans to oil companies. We’re lucky that. Um we would be able to access. Um, you know Exon’s Mobile’s transactions data through the bank. Um, and we’d be able to accurately assess their emissions based on transactions data right? So and if they are. Buying um a million pounds worth of ah pumps or something um to pump oil from one region of Texas to another. We’d be able to basically assess what the emissions were um that are attributed to that ah oil moving from one part of the Us to another part. And we’d be able to attribute the cost of the pump and the materials associated with the pump simply by looking at transactions data and what we’re trying to do is build um, a really large database of emissions factors. Um, where we’re basically scraping online journals and scientific journals as well as using existing. Um. Global standards for emissions factors and we’re compiling a proprietary database where we’ll be able to use transactions data to look at a company’s emissions. Um, and this will help ah banks measure their portfolio emissions just because like in the example that I gave jp Morgan Chase will be able to assess the emissions of Exxon Mobile

Jonathan Nwosu

And by looking at x on mobile scope one and 2 emissions. We’ll be able to help Jpmorgan Chase um figure out their scope three emissions so we just do it through transactions data.

James McWalter

So if you take take let’s say I think this is a really interesting example. So just some understanding is this a top-down or a bottom-up calculation. So the case of x andmobi there I’m sure for any large public company like that there are some sort of like top line. Ah. You know number data. So you know one hundred units of of carbon emitted by that particular company and then if you look at all of that company’s expenditure that you could potentially tie a dollar of expenditure to that topline number and so a dollar of Expenditure x on mobilebiil is 2 units of carbon where is a dollar of expenditure. Um, or or loans or whatever maybe be by ah you know I Don know Apple is you know, zero point two five dollars of expenditure are are of emissions ah units of emissions or are you looking at? Okay, um, diving into exonmobile’s specific. Loan for a pipeline which will be causing. Yeah let’s say ah oil pipeline which will cause way more emissions than excel mobile you know, maybe renting some office space which be lower I guess how are you thinking about the balance of that top-down versus bottom-up approach.

Jonathan Nwosu

exactly exactly I’m so glad that you mentioned that because we are taking a bottoms up approach as opposed to a top down approach with a top down approach There’s a lot of assumptions that you can make um whoever toppped out with ah a bottoms up approach. We’re looking at you know how is the loan actually being used. What specific material is being used um with that loan. What purchases are being made with that loan. So we’re able to introduce a lot more accuracy than if we took a top down approach. Um, so you’re spot on in saying that we don’t make you know high level assumptions. We don’t look at their sort of global emissions and we don’t say. You know, um, there’s x amount of co 2 being produced because we know that you know Xl mogul is responsible for x number of emissions. We really take ah a granular approach where we look at the exact transactions data and we look at the nature of the transactions and this is where a lot of the machine learning capabilities that we use come in. We’ll be able to identify the activity from the transactions data and then assign the relevant emissions factor to come to the relevant emissions for that particular activity. So our calculations are very very granular. They’re very very accurate. Um, and we notice that a lot of our competitors are taking a top-down approach as opposed to a bottoms up approach. And this is where we introduce more accuracy into these calculations and and these emissions.

James McWalter

It Yeah I Really like that as a kind of point of differentiation compared to the the the top-down approach I Guess the difficulty though is the data right? and with the difficulty with with with the data in general and um, you know I think a lot of companies in a lot of startups. Are you know.

Jonathan Nwosu

Um, hundred percent yeah

James McWalter

Those who are kind of built on or have a kind of machine learning as core to their approach either. They’ll try to use publicly available data to run their models and and and label and build their models where to a certain extent. The the startup is in control of their own destiny from ah at least from a data point of view Now. It does definitely lower the ah moat right? because. If it’s publicly available data. Anybody can also get it and so in those worlds I think startups very very much rely on their modeling capability on the other side. It’s like okay, our customers actually have all the data. Um, but we have to actually navigate. You know the byzantine. Um, internal like you know data structures and so on of these very very large organizations. But once you do that you have access to data that no other competitor has access to and you can start having value in a way that um is very very hard and you know for somebody else to get over that Moat. Um, and so it sounds like it’s more the latter kind of approach and with. That and you know with that being the case how you approaching you know building the relationships you know and kind of moving through these organizations to get the data that you need to run your models and.

Jonathan Nwosu

Yeah that’s a really interesting point and it actually hasn’t been easy James. It hasn’t been easy at all. Um I think um, getting access to some of this data is is is quite difficult depending on the size of the bank. Um, and we know that banks have different ways of storing their data. Um, you think you may think I’m joking when I say this but some banks actually store a lot of their data on premise um, so they have actual physical services. Um, and I actually hadn’t seen the physical server in in quite some time. Um, but it’s quite shocking to see that some of these financial institutions still have.

Jonathan Nwosu

Um, onsite ah servers which I think makes sense from a security standpoint. It may not make sense to have everything on the Cloud which is completely fine, but then it does make our job of maybe getting some of that data a little bit harder. Um, but we’re lucky that we’re working with some institutions. Where a lot of the data that they have especially the transactions data of their end clients is stored in the Cloud Um, and therefore we’re able to kind of access that data and integrate to that data fairly easily I think it’s also important for me to note that um you know we actually don’t have access to the transactions data Of. Ah, these banks and of the of the bank’s portfolio. Um, it’s encrypted so we don’t actually see the name of the real companies nor do we actually see the transactions data from our end. Um now the banks can see this data because they have contracts with their customers and therefore they’re able to see their customers transactions. So an Esg analyst working at a bank will be able to view this data but actually even as the founders we have no access to a lot of this data and by the time it comes to our end. A lot of this data is encrypted um and um, we we can’t see any company name or transaction. Um, and all examples. You know that I mentioned obviously during the podcast were just examples. We’re not actually working with those with those specific entities. Yeah, exactly someday exactly I Love that? yeah.

James McWalter

Yeah, no, Absolutely so someday someday. It’ll be um, okay that that makes sense and I think it is definitely anything that touches the financial space does have ah you know data security considerations that are definitely tougher than in other areas where. You know a some manufacturing company might be just so it’s a lot easier potentially from a data security point of view at least to have read and even sometimes write access to some of their databases whereas Yes, it makes complete sense to me that in the financial space. Um, you know you would not have the relationship with. The the actual um bank Customer. Um, and you’d have to have their buy-in and that would make the data collection problem even greater. But then I guess like if some of the data is encrypted. There is I’d imagine specific attributes you need at a minimum in order to actually go into your model. So um, yeah I Guess how how do you think about Like. What does good enough look like um from the kind of input and you know some of this I’m sure is Ip but yes, just on at its high level. Um, what are the kind of things you look for that might make a ah data set look good for you.

Jonathan Nwosu

I yeah I think one of the biggest challenges is always like clean data right? and um, as surprising as this may sound there is no um, standard for transactions data right? So like um, a lot of transactions data obviously comes with a specific amount ah see the amount of the purchase sometimes it may come with the location of the purchase which is helpful. Oftentimes. It doesn’t it might come of a purchase description but oftentimes these descriptions are very vague. Um, and they actually don’t describe the specific activity right? So if we see. Ah, description coming in and someone has spent $10 at a Starbucks in New York city um then that’s really easy to see because we can see the the amount we can see the location. We know the um, it’s the the coffees come from Starbucks and we know that it’s coffee as well and therefore we can track where the coffee beans have come from. Ah, we can kind of assume that they’re based um that the coffee beans have come from Brazil and therefore you know maybe we can attribute 3 or four kilograms of co 2 for that sort of coffee that was that was purchased but oftentimes transactions data can be very messy sometimes it doesn’t come with a location sometimes the descriptions don’t make much sense. It could just be as vague as and someone spending $10 at Starbucks and we don’t know what that purchase was for but maybe we can assume they bought a cross on or maybe you’re a coffee. Um, and that’s where things get really difficult. Um, so ideally in an ideal world. We’ll have really clean transactions data.

Jonathan Nwosu

In reality we know that we’re dealing with data that is oftentimes messy but here’s where the really interesting part comes in James because we’re building models that will be able to um, assess the accuracy. Um, so if we are making more assumptions than is necessary. We will flag those with the bank because we believe in being fully transparent and we’ll actually ah sign ourselves an accuracy score. Um, so if for instance, um, we notice that we’re making a lot of assumptions. We can’t get the descriptions required for the relevant transactions. Then we’ll be like hey you know for this particular item that was purchased. It’s a big item and we don’t quite know what the emissions are that us are associated with this particular item and will be fully transparent and we will flag that with the banks as well and the institutions that we’re working with um, but yeah. The data can be very messy sometimes it’s clean sometimes it’s not there isn’t a global standard for transactions data. Um, but um, yeah, that’s just some of the problems that we encounter as a startup.

James McWalter

Yeah, yeah, absolutely and I think some of the related elements are selling into very large enterprises you know, financial institutions and banks. These are some of the largest corporations in the world. Um, and they clearly have this you know a problem to be so.

Jonathan Nwosu

Yeah, exactly.

James McWalter

Solve so that I’m sure they’re seeking seeking solutions and yeah, clearly you’ve had folks, you know, taking your calls and and moving through you know a sales process. Um, but you know as a small you know, emergent company. How do you think about? you know sales into these types of large enterprises. Um any things you’ve kind of learned in the in the kind of early days so far right.

Jonathan Nwosu

Yeah I think some really that’s a really interesting problem actually of in in question, interesting question and something that we’ve actually been thinking about significantly over these past few weeks specifically um, enterprises are very difficult to sell to right? You know that sales cycles are oftentimes very long. Hard to identify who the decision maker is. It’s hard to identify who the person that’s going to be using. The product is um and it’s a very long and tedious process. Um, so we’ve actually moved to ah trying to kind of work with more of the midmarket segment right? where the banks are large enough to um. Know that they should be reporting on their finance emissions. Um, but that they’re small enough where we can still approach them and the sales cycles are in the months and not years. Um, so one of the tricks that we’ve done is just we’ve gone downmark basically and we’ve sort of targeted the midmarket segment um and you’d be surprised by how many midmarket size banks. There are James there. Um. I think we’re all kind of accustomed to the big names and you know the wells fargos and the Jp Morgans and um all the other sort of large financial institutions but there’s a lot of midsized market banks that are looking for solutions like this and that’s who are really targeting but oftentimes one of the tricks that we’ve learned is that if we are targeting some of these larger enterprises. It all always makes sense to um, approach their innovations and partnerships team because we know that this team has a high propensity to work with startups. Um, and um, they are actively looking for startups to partner with um and startups to kind of collaborate with.

Jonathan Nwosu

Um, and they’re always looking for new solutions because as you know it’s very difficult for these large financial institutions to um, create new engineering products themselves or to create. Um the capabilities required for them to accurately assess their financeissions. Um, it would maybe require them to hire a team of anywhere between 12 to 50 yeah esg analysts data engineers and software engineers. Um to basically build what we’re doing um and instead of hiring 50 people. It makes sense to just use our solution to help um, figure out their financedmis. Um, but yeah, when selling to these large institutions. There’s yeah 2 kind of key tricks. We’ve realized which is one going to the midmarket segment as sales cycles are just a little bit easier and faster and 2 if we are approaching enterprise customers. It always makes sense to get your foot in the door with their innovations and partnerships team as this team is um. Always kind of open to having conversations with new interesting startups.

James McWalter

Yeah I think that’s a lot of very interesting elements in there. Yeah first you know coming any organization and I think everybody on this call has been sold to right? We’ve all received lots of cold emails and all this kind of thing you know if you are basically just competing. Yeah, 1 to 1 against like within the kind of volume of noise that everybody’s dealing with it becomes very very difficult and so having those kind of internal like venture focus groups or new innovation focus groups that gives you the potential for this warm intro that absolutely is is kind of a way to kind of kind of move into it. Also think that a lot of startups make this mistake especially selling to large enterprises of trying to pretend. They’re larger than they are and it’s a mistake. Yeah, but it’s a mistake in 2 ways, right? So First of all um, you know because you’re not. You actually can’t do all the things right? You’re not going to be sucked too compliant and you’re not going to have all the.

Jonathan Nwosu

I Read exactly.

James McWalter

From bells and whistles all these kind of things and so first of all if people if the customer is expecting those things they’re going to immediately be disappointed and second of all, you actually want the organization and the people at the organization to self-select into being the types of people who are early adopters the kinds of people who got super excited. By you know this 3 person startup who are trying to make a massive difference and are going to dramatically solve our problem and all those kind of things and you also get the you know one of the kind of rare occasions where a sometimes junior level employee or a mid-level employee is talking to. You know the Ceo and the cto and the Ceo right on a regular basis and like. They might never get that chance again and it’s very you know or you say startup you know we’re obviously try to be as humble as possible but like there’s a lot of power in being a founder and there’s a lot of power in like having that relationship with people who you know lot of work is kind of boring and drudgery and so on. But it might honestly be the best part of their month talking to a company like yours and so I think you know at some point that shifts right? like once you have the initial early adopters then startups often try to seem bigger than they are and like actually I think that’s probably a good move right? You start to you know, have different layers and you have different types of you know sales. Segmentation and all that kind of thing but in the early days like that kind of founder to customer relationship is honestly nearly the only thing you have going and to hide that like a lot of startups do um is a massive mistake and so I’d love to hear that you guys are.

James McWalter

Kind of like really kind of leading with that and you know building those relationships from the ground up.

Jonathan Nwosu

Yeah, no I think you’ve touched upon some really great points that actually really really sort of great points I think being small in the early days can really be an advantage right? like I think a lot of founders as you mentioned try and appear to be bigger than they are and actually I think the reason we were partnering with such a large institution is because. We were the exact opposite of them. We were a free person team. They’re like a 15000 person company and so they’re not looking to partner with a another large company that’s going to move slowly. They want to partner with a small so scrappy startup um with a bunch of you know, very very young founders that are able to bring in. Really innovative solutions to their company and actually James would love to kind of throw this back at you and say you’ve obviously had ah quite some strong traction with paces. Um and would love to kind of understand a little bit more about your sales techniques and um, how you’re taking your product to market and what it’s been like for you as. Um, as someone who’s previously done sales as well in selling to other businesses and.

James McWalter

I yeah happy to give you whatever little kind of bits that we’ve done but I think like the number 1 thing is founder led sales is just very core and actually is in her book I’ll put into the show notes I think it’s literally called founder sales. It’s a free ebook on online that that people can kind of download. A lot of companies, especially Saas B 2 b saas or you know similar type companies will try to hire. You know, 2 3 salespeople when they just get a little bit of traction but it’s genuinely like a massive mistake because the founder or whatever number of founders are responsible for getting people in the door. They need to be there more than anybody else just because they need to hear the problems they need to hear you know what is compelling. Um every demo is an opportunity for some iteration you know like a lot of things obviously are on Zoom if you can get in a room. It’s even more powerful but it’s like you know I mentioned this word and they perked up. Are they a fear or hope-based buyer right? like there’s a lot of these different elements that you know people kind of read about but really, it’s about the the rapid iteration and you know having just such a high level of curiosity about how the potential buyer or the potential user like perceives you and just constant experimentation. So I would say that you know that’s one piece just on the on the kind of higher level like prospecting thing I mean it’s kind of similar to you guys finding? um you know, ah folks via user research. Um a lot of what we did for the first you know six to nine months trying to just get initial people is like hey I’m the founder of paces. Um I’m just looking for a user research interview which genuinely was right.

James McWalter

And then we would try to spend you know 30 minutes or a 20 minute call like 90% of it on their problems listening and so on and nearly inevitably. They’re like so so what do you? What? what? are you guys built like you know and like I would genuinely be like trying to make it all about them and they’re like no no, no show me something like I’m I’m really excited to see something and so you have this kind of little bit of pent up.

Jonathan Nwosu

Yeah.

James McWalter

Demand and then you show it to them and they’re like oh I really want to see a proper demo of that and then you schedule that or trial whatever it may be the last piece and I think this is something that we’re still iterating on and you know our cell cycles are are definitely shorter than you know you guys and ah the midmarket you know like this is this phrase. Rabbit steers elephants right? The deers are the the kind of midmarket. The midmarket for your segment is probably larger than the elephants in my segment just because the nature of these different different industries. Um, so our sales cycles are weeks and you know maybe a month or 2 at the max. Um, but I mean more for an elephant like very very large customer whereas most of our midmarke we try to close within you know within a calendar month.

James McWalter

I think the big thing we’re I guess still trying to iterate on and struggle with and and you know and we definitely haven’t solved is we have a trial they find value. They’re really interested in moving forward and it still might take 2 to three weeks of the contract back and forth to get it closed and we have very very customer friendly contract terms. Um. Outside of it being a twelve month contract and I think that’s the thing that we’re still trying to figure out and say okay, um, can we you know? can we get the contract start negotiations starting the day of the trial that’s something we’ve tried can we get? Um, you know if they are large enough to have like a few rounds of legal. Can we get those and these are things that. Just can’t see iterating on and it’s always a struggle but I think the big thing is a no or rejection is a form you know is something to be curious about and not feel like defeated by because you’re just going to get a lot of them right? Um, so I don’t know if any of that ah is is compelling at all.

Jonathan Nwosu

And yeah, no I think we really resonate with a lot of a lot of what you said, especially with the founder led approach. You know I think in the early days. It’s I think it’s vital I think it’s really crucial for one of the founders to be really selling. Um and in the early days. It might even make sense to have all the founders. Ah, maybe sitting on on the chords and maybe not actively saying anything but but the listening is really the most important part and I think you touched upon this changes and it’s a really good point and I want to hone in on it. But ideally you do want to be focused on your customers and their problems and they may actually switch it back to you and say hey you know what are you building? You know we’re really curious to find out. And actually the same thing happened to us quite a few times. So ah I’m definitely not surprised that that you that you mentioned it. Um I’d say we’re probably definitely at at an earlier stage where um, we are only working with 1 or 2 kind of customers at the moment. Um, and you know just because of. Time I am just focused on the fundraising aspect and I haven’t sort of gone back to the selling part. Um, but I think yeah I think you’ve mentioned some really great points into um in terms of sort of prospecting and negotiating and having really friendly terms as well. Um, and I’m quite curious to see how the twelve month kind of contracts. Landing with your customers. You think you’re getting any pushback from that would they prefer shorter contracts. Um, and who exactly ah is it that you’re sort of selling to because I actually imagined also that you’d be selling to enterprises and large customers who are looking to do these infrastructure projects. Okay.

James McWalter

Yeah, so we’re typically selling to what’s called the project developer so largesca solar project developer or battery project developer and what’s interesting about product developers is that at least in the United States they might only be a 15 to 20 person team but they’re often working on $100000000 projects

James McWalter

That’s not their entire. You know there’s a lot of other organizations that get involved at various points but the ones who are actually getting the project from an idea to you know what’s called notice to proceed or like the stage right before it being built these tend to often be like reasonably small organizations. Um, it’s. Pretty large dumbbell effects or barbell effect where you have very very large organizations. Not a lot of middle market to be honest and then a lot of kind of small entities who are still working on large projects. Um in terms of the twelve month contract so one of the things actually this is something I didn’t mention which might be beneficial to you guys and then other people listening is none of our contracts look the same. And we tie product enhancements to our contracts and so we will literally say okay, um, we you know you found value in the in the in the in the trial and the pilot. Um, but in our case, a lot of it is data breath. It’s like okay you started with 3 or 4 us states. Actually want 7 states that you want to look at data for we will not bill you the entire. You know we’ll ramp over the course of a month to the full billing. Um and we commit to hitting adding those 3 states within the next three weeks and we’ve done that for pretty much every customer. Well every customer we’ve had has ramped the contract so we’d still have a twelve month contract but they might not pay this the full monthly price. Um that we invoiceed them for a couple of months while we ramp and we always have very very aggressive times to ship the product and we’ve never missed a day and usually we try to like you know? Yeah basically over promise and then overde deliver right on everything.

James McWalter

Um, and then and then kind of go with that way because I think like there’s a lot of tradeoffs to make but I think having twelve month contracts has become very important to us our first 3 contracts were monthly um, but having twelve months is really valuable because you know we’ll hit our series a stage at some point and we’re not trying to lock people in just for the sake of locking them in. But does allow us to you know have a bit more security around saying that we’re truly at at ar versus an um mrr and if you have like lower you know a lot of transactions monthly transactions and Mr might might make more sense particularly if you’re a more s and b focus but I think for large enterprises twelve month contracts are new, a necessity. And honestly like if I was like working with banks. Um, within six months I’d be trying to target 2 to 3 year to contracts with some of these folks as well. But I think at the early days twelve months I think is ah is a good hard but achievable kind of contract length.

Jonathan Nwosu

I yeah um, some really interesting points actually and I want to dive into them a little bit deeper. Um, so the idea of having um, really flexible on drags and having bespoke contracts is really new to us and is actually something we’ll be using moving forward. So that’s a really really. Really great suggestion. Um, and I guess I’ve never really quite heard of the idea of over promising and and over deliververing I usually hear people saying that they under promise and overdeli but actually um I guess your job as a salesperson is to sell a vision and to sell dreams and it’s your responsibility as a team to sort of. Make that vision come true. So it’s great that you’re selling these long term these sort of twelve month contracts and um, having expectations of where to ship the product on and and quickly shipping the product to meet some of these contracts expectations. Um, so that’s like yeah.

James McWalter

And and just just just and just real quick on that like to be clear. The timelines is something my cofounder you know who is a Cto and the technical person like he tells me so I never say okay guys we’re going to deliver this in two weeks and then ah and then like engineering is like oh my god it’s impossible like I always ask him I’m like.

Jonathan Nwosu

Yeah, so.

James McWalter

Could we ship this? What is ah what is a tough but reasonable time and he’ll be like one week two weeks seven weeks whatever it may be and that is the number because I think like I yeah had engineering and sales often clash because of ah misaligned expectations and and pressure and in this case were fully aligned.

Jonathan Nwosu

Yeah, yeah, Nice I Love that? Yeah I Love that I Love the kind of cohesion that you and your co-founders. Um, really show. That’s that’s fantastic. But yeah, really really Interested. Um, on the idea of the sort of the flexible contracts and ramping up and stuff I thought that was. A really really great point and I think it’s something myself and my co-founders can kind of go back with and and really learn from and actually any other entrepreneur out there I think all of the stuff that you were mentioning is really of high value to any sort of B Two B sass player out there. So um, yeah, some really great advice. There. That’s that’s. Pretty helpful.

James McWalter

And again, none of this you know this is all from reading making a lot of mistakes. Yeah know organizations like Ycombinator or sasster.com these are all places that like have a ton of like great insights and so um, but but a lot of it’s just like making the mistakes right? because you know we’ve all read the advice and that we still do the. Thing and there’s like oh now I reallyund understand why the advice exists. Um, and that’s just the kind of nature of these things. Um I also believe you guys are are doing a little bit of fundraising as you talk to investors. What are some of the kind of elements of the pitch that people are finding most compelling right.

Jonathan Nwosu

In back of.

Jonathan Nwosu

Yeah that’s a great question. Um, so actually people and so part of the thing that I didn’t mention that I probably should have mentioned earlier on was that um we aren’t just calculating portfolio emissions or finance emissions for the sake of it. Ah, banks are actually using something with this information. Um, and what they’re doing with this information is something really really cool. They’re creating these new green financial products. Basically um so it’s expected that at least in the U K and Europe um, this could be ah, a new revenue stream for a lot of these banks and financial institutions. But it’s also a way for these banks and financial institutions. To get their portfolio customers to net zero and so let’s take a bank like hsbc or any other example or any other bank and again this is just an example, it’s it’s all hypothetical and so any large sort of bank in the Uk will maybe give out um a million or two billion pounds worth of green loans. And these green loans for these companies that are accepting these loans are going to be used for. Maybe um, green infrastructure projects that will make the business a lot more sustainable. So if hsbc is providing loans to a manufacturing company and a manufacturing company wants to use this money to acquire new suppliers or Greener suppliers. Um, then this is how these loans will be used and it’s in a way. It’s good for both the bank and the business the business um is able to sort of leverage this money and use this money to become a greener and it’s great for the bank as well because the bank is helping their customers um reduce their emissions which actually.

Jonathan Nwosu

Affects the bank’s emissions as well. So It’s almost like this Win-win situation. Um, and this is the part of the pitch that has really drawn investors because this is something that’s unique and um, something that we’re working on that nobody else is really working on at the moment. Um or at least not at the scale as to which we’re sort of doing it. Um, so as well as you know providing banks with the information. Um, so on top of the information that we’re Providing. We’re also helping these banks and financial institutions create these green products. Um and very similarly to how ah businesses have a credit score now. Um, in the future lending decisions will be based on things like the credit score which we have at the moment and your emissions score as Well. Um, So if you’re a high emitter. It may be that you get loans at a less favorable rate than someone else in your industry that is a low emitter. Um, so. Yeah, these are things that are really interesting and things that are really drawing in Investors. Um, and we basically allow and enable these banks to create these financial products because of the data that we give them in terms of helping them assess the emissions score of their portfolio businesses.

James McWalter

I brilliantant no I love that and I could definite see you know the the tan the totally addressable market of of that kind of part really being attractive to to investors but John and this has beenryant really enjoyed the conversation before we leave off is there anything I should have asked you about. But did not.

Jonathan Nwosu

Cool I’ll say 2 things 1 is just ah, a point that I wanted to say and then I’ll say a call to action if that works cool cool. Yeah I think there’s there’s 2 things I think um one is just maybe about the team I’m happy to kind of dive into the team a little bit. Um and just to say that.

James McWalter

So perfect.

Jonathan Nwosu

Ah, super grateful for the team that I have and my co-founders. They’re incredible. We’ve got deck shesh and men um men’s focus is focused on the technology side and deck shesh is doing some amazing work on the science side. So very very grateful for my team and very grateful for the work that they’re doing I think we’re doing some really groundbreaking stuff here. Um. I think the second thing that I did want to mention was we are actively fundraising at the moment so we are raising our preced round and we’ve seen some good traction and some good interest quite early on so we’ve been pretty lucky with that and we’ve had some commitment from some angels and some prominent angels in the industry. Um some Sas operators as well. Um, and some people from the banking and financial industry as well. So we’ve been pretty lucky with that but our fundraising efforts will continue and um, yeah, we’re currently fundraising at the moment. So definitely and feel free to reach out to myself if you’re interested in investing in um, a climate tech startup that’s focused on. Helping the financial service transition to net zero.

James McWalter

So absolutely and we’ll include your contact details and the other bits that we mentioned in the show notes. Thank you Jonathan Nwosuathan.

Jonathan Nwosu

Thanks James pleasure speaking.

Solving Climate Change with 401Ks – E102

Great to chat with Zach Stein, Cofounder of Carbon Collective! Carbon Collective is the first online investment advisor 100% focused on climate change! We discussed the importance of a well-defined customer cohort, how to assess a climate positive company, the intersection of climate and investing and more!

https://carbotnic.com/carboncollective

Download Podcast Here: https://plinkhq.com/i/1518148418

Remember, If you want to support the podcast please rate and review 5 stars on  Apple, Thanks so much! 

James

The unedited podcast transcript is below

James McWalter

Hello today we are speaking with Zach Stein co-founder of carbon collective welcome to podcast, brilliant to start could you tell us a little bit about carbon collective.

Zach Stein

James so glad to be here. Carbon collective is an online investment platform that enables individuals and businesses through their 401Ks to invest in portfolios that are built around solving climate change right now sustainable investing as what wall street sells. It is just a less bad version of the world today. We know what we need to do our greatest issue within sustainability which is solving climate change and we cannot do that with fundamentally scaling sustainable investing but in a way that is aligned with that end goal. So that’s what we do.

James McWalter

And what drove the initial decision to start Carmen collective. Yeah.

Zach Stein

So this is the second company that my cofounder and I have started. We’ve known each other since we were four years old first company was also in sustainability but in a very different space and at 2020 right at the beginning we set out with a whiteboard on saying how could we build better tools. To enable individuals to collectivize their climate actions and just identifying that we as individuals. But so many of us when we face climate change. We just get left hanging at the top of the emotional feedback loop. It was just like fuck like this is terrible. The icebergs are melting the fires are coming. World is still run by fossil fuels and emissions I’ve never been higher I’m one person. What can I do within that so that to us you know seemed like a problem that was looking for better solutions and we ended up interviewing one ah none people in and around our network trying to figure out where their climate actions anxiety took them. But actions it took them to take it where they got blocked and investing was this place again and again that we found they ran into.

James McWalter

That’s such an interesting process and I went through something very similar and I’ve talked to a lot of climate founders on on the podcast who’ve also done similar where you nearly start with a whiteboard and like a print out of the emissions in the economy and then you start trying to draw the lines between these different areas and then also trying to work with you know a certain amount of. Founder fifth and so yeah I guess kind of digging into that process like was this over you know, long weekend or was this kind of just ah, a constant kind of iteration over the series of months

Zach Stein

It was a long process. We formally kicked off on jan one of 2020 and we didn’t know what we were building until June like the beginning of June of none for sure so we started by reading. We probably read like None books in the first quarter. And really just getting deep and then we really kicked off into interview mode and we went through the whole thing of like we started off by building all the like a paper prototype that was like really like beautiful and like trying to illustrate our none idea and the None person we interviewed was like hey there’s this book called the mom test.

James McWalter

Yes, yes, very important book I.

Zach Stein

Have you heard of it. Yes, and so we’re like no we we haven’t done. He’s like you need to read it and so we’ve read it and we’re like oh my God we should have been doing this all along and so we just strapped everything and went right into just mom testing as hard as we could.

James McWalter

Yeah, and and for for the listeners. Um, if you’re looking to build anything that ah has any sort of consumer mass adoption and honestly even from Enterprise as we have the consumerization of Enterprise it becomes ever important if I read that you know it it really really helps you ask better questions. Ah, both of.

Zach Stein

Yeah, yeah.

James McWalter

Potential users. But then also of yourselves in terms of how you try to develop products to solve protect our problems.

Zach Stein

Yeah I think if you’re just at a point whether it’s a new product or a new feature or whatever that is on a product if you’re asking the quiet yourself the question should we build this then Mom testing is as as far as I’ve seen the best way of answering that question without actually building a thing.

James McWalter

I Yeah absolutely and you know I haven’t talked as much about this my own startup but when we were whiteboarding my cofounder and I like going to lots of different options. We were literally just there was a particular cohort of people we wanted to service and we would just ask them questions about the biggest problem they have that no one’s Solving. We just like write those down. And then thematically just the the problem we ended up focusing on came out and I think that just like that’s another way. It’s like I want to solve a problem in a particular cohort of people that have a climate impact or in our case, it was developers of clean energy and so on. But yeah, did they have like. Obviously we need to do all these other things and it’s like well it’s actually blocking it and so then you can kind of start building products around those blockers and those problems.

Zach Stein

Exactly you know for you. It was developers and for us it was individuals who had climbing anxiety So we we each kind of had that focus but then was able to use you know, kind of limit or or you know have our curiosity just take over from there.

James McWalter

And you know people with climate anxiety. That’s also a pretty large demographic group right? A lot of different slices and so as you kind of explored right? exactly. But as you kind of explored that. How do you start? this kind of segment. You know what that early customer cohort you wanted to go after might look like so.

Zach Stein

Fair.

Zach Stein

Yeah, it became clear to us that the hardest people to win over. But also the most important were going to be people who knew a lot and were focusing to some degree on climate change in their lives. They were the most important because. They were often the ones who felt the greatest pain where especially as an individual the level of cognitive dissonance that they they feel for say I work on climate change in my everyday life and then I like I get into that Suv and like drive home that it just it causes pain it causes identity suffering. There and so these type of people are trying to align every part of their personal lives to salt and climate change. So a really good fit there. The reason that they’re the hardest to sell to is that they’ve been burned greenwashing we stepping into the space of sustainable investing. We are stepping into a space that has been.

James McWalter

Right.

Zach Stein

Maybe the most greenwashed of kind of all spaces with it climate and so we fundamentally especially to this group that knows so well and has been exposed to that green washing we are stepping into a place that I like to say we are guilty until proven innocent in coming in for Them. So. Yeah, it’s people who work in the climate Space. So We very much are kind of writing the code tales on the rise of climate tech itself. Also this is obviously like nonprofits and academics as well. But then we also found a pretty strong traction with a group of cohort that we call ecotechies and this is.

Zach Stein

More engineering focused and folks who generally tend to work in tech. It might maybe would want to go work at climate company but like are making 300 k from Facebook or meta or whatever it’s called now drive a tesla ride a mountain bike on the weekend I think we probably all could picture this person. Um, and so them as well.

Zach Stein

Um, and for them they also are going to kind of demand that same level of rigor that this is the type of people who really likes to understand how the world works and once they’re only going to align with something when they can really see that someone has really done the homework in a way that is logical and makes sense to them and and is transparent.

James McWalter

That’s that’s super clear and I think it is ah really essential to get that. Well-defined customer cohort to kind of go after right because you can’t service everybody and so as you kind of zoomed in on that. Um, and one of the nice things about that cohort is I’m already thinking of places where those. Human beings like congregate online like they’re in the forums of places like my climateurney and so on so you know from a distribution and getting in front of people point of view. Um, it’s actually like a pretty nice kind of cohort to kind of go after but you still have to kind of win that trust and you do that through building an Mvp that yeah really starts to solve a problem that. As they see it and so what was that kind of initial Mvp iteration like.

Zach Stein

Yeah, so for us and this came through our mom testing it became really clear that. Yeah, we could not build something and this was also a failure. We interviewed founders who had kind of taken a crap at like a green investment app and stuff like that and a lot of the where we diagnosed. Where they fell short was they did not fully appreciate that the number None reason that people are investing is to meet their financial goals. They’re not investing with to drive impact that is a secondary. Um so primarily and and for so many of us the way that we’ve been taught that is smart to invest. Is what vanguard taught us is to invest passively with as much of the market as you can diversify it as possible with as low fees as possible and so we said okay we can’t break that mold because that would be a double bank shot. We’d have to say you know hey invest in this new way that is different that you are taught and you’ve never heard of us it. It should. This is how we’re going to drive impact that’s going to be too hard so we said all right? Can we build portfolios that kind of meet that none threshold but then secondarily have a very clear theory of change in regards to climate and so that went through a lot of iteration. We had to get registered with the se. And be able to launch as a robo advisor and do that and and then went through like lots of experimentation of how are we actually telling the story of how these portfolios are put together in a way that is concise and makes sense to people and kind of the first test that we had before we raised our pre-seed round. Was would did did it work was our hypothesis correct and how we built these portfolios that individuals would not treat it like climate charity which they often did with other platforms where they’d roll over like or they’d like invest 3 grand or something you know it was like.

Zach Stein

Money that you’re like okay I can lose this It’s not money of saying this is my retirement account and or would they move their full iris over toser roll over at old four None k and what we found luckily our our hypothesis was was correct. That our average account size was like closer to $50000 so people were moving over those larger chunks of money for them. Those full accounts consolidating with us and that kind of gave us the gumption of saying all right we have we’re on something here to go and raise ah a pre preceded in February of 2021.

James McWalter

Yeah, that’s that’s going to be exciting and going from you know ideation right? before covid I guess if it was None all the way through you know within year and a year and a half kind of getting to that level is in a very tough time for for everybody is is actually phenomenal and.

Zach Stein

Thanks Sam.

James McWalter

Going Well going through those steps with the scc and so On. Um I Think that’s also something that people who are coming in to try to ah build something in Climate. There’s often already existing rules of the road to navigate and you know some of them are literally legal like you need to do it Otherwise you literally legally can’t do it. Um, and so I guess how did you find that process. You know it’s something that scares away a lot of you know founders from tackling certain problems because of those kind of regulatory Burdens. And yeah I Guess what was the experience like.

Zach Stein

Yeah I think about this a lot and I imagined you do too that if we as humans had perfect like for knowledge of how hard something was going to be before you did it like we would just do so many fewer things. Yeah.

Zach Stein

Um, so it was a grant to get through that process and rightfully it should I think that this is you know what are the areas in terms of financial regulation that is really important and that you should It should be strict and hard to get through and say yes, the scc. Um, you’ve now passed the requirements that you need to pass in order to legally offer investment advice and manage other people’s money so that certainly was a challenge and also making sure that we found the right people around us to help make sure that the portfolios that we’re building even though they’re. Based on passive investing principles and we had our long back testing kind of showing like hey you could get a similar risk of reward as you would for a generic us-based Index portfolio here getting the right people around to say like yeah like that this this is checking the boxes. This is kind of meeting a fiduciary. Responsibility with this strategy with that That was really important for us to have as well.

James McWalter

And I guess then you know it comes to the the the hard question here. It’s how do we assess a climate positiveive company right? And how do we make sure that we’re balancing portfolios that have that kind of positive climate effect. Guess how do you kind of think through that because even recently there was I know there’s a you know you know Musk Twitter storm about ratings for some of the large oil gas majors getting particular kind of esu ratings that that seemed from the outside to look like overly advantageous to them. So yeah.

James McWalter

How do you think about that and ah, how to measure the actual climate climate impact of these different companies. Please.

Zach Stein

Yeah, so I have a lot of thoughts on this and I’ll try I’ll try to be concise. So this came through our testing as well. We experienced this as individuals but that esg was not actually meeting the the user needs I had that I had as ad as a user of the product. Um, for me, especially wanting impact investing fundamentally what I wanted was two things I wanted a tangible theory of change that I can understand and made sense to me of how my money was going to be driving change in the world. How making this switch from the vanguard index fund to this. Actually going to change anything in the real world and then to an emotional experience of being connected to something higher than myself and I think that for a lot of b to c companies is especially turn the offset space and something like that like that is the Holy Grail that every b to c climate company is going after it’s almost I don’t like to use this word like a religious. Type like of of what religion was you know has historically held of like that connection of I’m a part of something larger than myself I think especially when it comes to climate change that dichotomy of I’m one person who is born into a world run by Fossil Fuels and on a one track to a world of catastrophic warming to the how are we? How am I a part of something bigger that is something that’s really powerful esg as a framework I believe and we argue is in the process of a classic unbundling and so when we look at other products that have. Become kind of the first in their space that were really popular like other users started saying hey I bet we could use it for that. So like we’ve seen the unbundling of of excel. For example, when spreadsheets came about people are like oh this is so great for computation that I can do manually the intended use case. Then other people were like I could store my sales contacts with this not the intended use case you have the unbundling of excel which leads to companies like salesforce so we argue you know there’s the embundling of Craigslist the unbundling of email leading to companies like slack etc. We think that we’re in the middle of the unbundling. Of Esg Where Esg as a framework was created by institutional investors to be used as a tool to build balanced portfolios by institutional investors and they weren’t trying to create impact or drive value what they were trying to do is say huh. There is other factors. That we should be making sure we’re diversified around outside of like credit score and sector and pe ratio. So. It’s literally thinking about it on that level of how are we making sure if there’s you know some piece of environmental legislation hits that we are not facing too much portfolio risk to that.

Zach Stein

The innovation of esg was to quantify all of this for the None time prior to that like that type of rating or that type of system had just been exclusionary filters. So it’s much more basic but you then are these exactly and so.

31:54.38

James McWalter

You like? yeah like get rid of the sin stocks basically Tobacco firearms, etc.

Zach Stein

Then with esg you then have these new users who are like I really want to have value space investing or I really want to have impact investing again. This is a personal theory I think a lot of that especially on the the political left was in response to the election of Donald Trump of there was kind of this looking for ways of say how am I pushing back? How am I that. Kind of doubling down on my sense of identity within that. Which until now we’ve kind of led to this point of the unbundling of esg all right, very long-winded way to talk about How do we build our portfolios as you can guess we don’t use esg esg looks at a company ah at like how it operates at its business. What it doesn’t look at is what does the company make because that is the number None thing that drives its impact. The thing that it makes money from and so we look at the stock market. We kind of bucket companies into 3 categories. The none category are companies whose core business is fundamentally antithetical with solving climate change.

Zach Stein

And these barring some miracle technological breakthrough. This is obviously oil and gas but petrochemical companies dirty utilities airlines right now. Airline manufacturers cement steel. There’s hope for some of these industries but technologically now for a lot of them. They’re still not there. So we divest we do not invest in these companies. We do not believe it makes sense to own Exxon Mobile to vote on them and we can happy to dive into exactly there in a sec so that’s bucket number None and step one that we take we cut those companies out bucket number 2 are companies that are building solutions to climate change. That’s how they make money tesla is a very famous example kind of why we think it’s absurd and this was a lot of the pushback by Elon Muskkin the Twitter storm you talked about so we look at what are the best independent plans to solving climate change those who are in the climate space have probably heard of them groups like project drawdown the international energy agency Rewiring america and we say which publicly traded companies are building those that aren’t generating more revenue from products or services that are dependent upon the fossil fuel industry that kind of fall into that first bucket. So we just use revenue. We don’t use pledges or anything like that. So an example of a company that does not make it into that category in spite of it making a climate solution is general electric. They didn’t make it last year they are the None largest manufacturer of wind turbines in the world but they generate more revenue from their natural gas turbine and jet engine business. Therefore we do not hold them then the none category is everyone else and these are the companies whose core businesses can exist in a decarbonized world in a 0 carbon world. They just aren’t there today and that that means to us as shareholders this is where we should be engaging. And trying to pressure them to get there as quickly as possible. The example I like to use is Coca-cola there’s no reason why coke can’t sell me a beverage using the secret recipe in a zero carbon future. It’s just doing so powered with 100% renewable energy delivered on 100% electrified fleet and they’re protecting instead of abusing their natural resources. That to us is where we should be engaging as shareholders because right now there’s so much in the climate activist space. It’s trying to go to exxonmobil who like has a line out the door of customers waiting to buy its product and say like hey you should become a solar company and they’re like why would we do that.

Zach Stein

Instead we should be going to the line and being like hey there’s a ah better cheaper way to get what you’re going after.

James McWalter

I love I love I love it telling this. So I think I think the um, the pushback on the issue is really wellm made and it’s the nature of large enterprises. It’s the nature of finance generally. You love a number right? because if you have a number you could start doing things you can index against it. You can say is it going up or down and so ishi was like this attempt or is this attempt to kind of orientate the industry around a number. Um and all of the kind of considerations that go into that number were new to a definition. On the basis of a ton of compromise right? because you know an msci or sandp comes up with their esg indices they are doing that with a ton of conversation with the people who are getting hit badly by the esg indices. Um or potentially it could be hit badly and so. There’s just a user level of compromise because even as divestment occurs even after the blackrock letter a few years ago that’s had like this massive effect on on these things in general, you’re not going to see just like the mass divestment across all of these firms. All of a sudden because it would actually have like a you know, very very large effect. In in the stock market in a way that you know most financial professionals are way more conservative than allowing that to happen and so this all makes a kind of ton of sense to me. It was interesting when you mentioned kind of going into the revenue lines of a company like Ge and figuring out the exact yeah revenue line on a you know let’s say a climate positive versus a climate negative. Basis and the kind of things you’re talking about like typically large investment firms will have you know a none analysts like figuring these kind of things out and so how do you? you know I guess how do you kind of scale that research to figure out exactly what’s happening. Um, yeah, are you just kind of living in ten Ks and ten queues or exactly how do you kind of approach. It.

Zach Stein

Yeah, it’s we do only publicly available information. We think that this is again a problem with esg is that it is fundamentally opaque. You’re saying this is ethical. It matches your ethics. Sorry we can’t tell you how we came up with this and we’re not going to be able to show you in the future. What decisions we’re going to make with it. Um, that again, it just it kind of fails. The none test of trust building and it fails what you’re trying to build so for us transparency is absolutely key which means we all use publicly available information. So yes, it is 10 k’s. We look at investor reports and try to dig where we can and there’s companies which you can go on our website and you can look at our full list of all the climate solution companies that we evaluated in 2021 it was 352 companies. We identified as building or potentially building a climate solution. None made it through our filters so you could not only see every single company that made it through but also the ones that didn’t and why they didn’t what they failed of our criteria. We try to make it really really clear and one of the categories is lack sufficient information for it. If we cannot see the exact revenue breakdown between these product lines then we just don’t hold it in there. Um, because it means our clients also could not double check and repeat it for us.

James McWalter

That that’s very interesting. So so we have these kind of None companies just so I have a kind of sense of scale relative to something like the sandpfivehundred would those one hundred and sixty nine from a market cap basis would that be None of the sbfivehundred or like yeah fifteen twenty percent just to kind of get a sense of like how far we have to go to start having companies that have such a clear climate positive. Ah you know impact.

Zach Stein

Yeah let me I actually have members for this if you just give me a sec let me look this up so in the way that we build it about. In terms of the market capitalization. This is not going to be the best way of doing it but about 50% of our climate solutions collection is large gap about 30% is midcap and about 20% of Smallcap. So there are certainly companies in there who are large gap in there. You know Tesla is kind of the going to be the most.

James McWalter

So it’s about 80 so if you think about this and pick 500 is large cap and you have 169 so you know fifty to eighty companies in the sb 500 might fit into that criteria. Okay.

Zach Stein

Aggressive and leading example.

Zach Stein

It’s probably a little bit lower but I would need to go in and kind of look and double check.

James McWalter

Ah, under said. Okay, but I think it’s a good level setting for for me as I kind of think through again the the amount of ramp that’s needed to start pushing all these companies into it right? because even let’s say it is 50 companies that’s 10% of the s and b 500 um there’s a huge amount of.

James McWalter

Gap there that needs to be made up for and to do that and your theory of change is leveraging you know a large movement of capital from the existing place to this new place where it’s focusing on that 10% and kind of expanding those and then also those companies will perform better because of ah you know the ability to kind of. Their valuation is going up and so on and so I guess as you kind of think through like what are like the best levers to to do that. So is it getting yeah hundreds of companies to sign up from a benefits point of view with. Consumers would would you guys or are there other Levers. You’re thinking about.

Zach Stein

Yeah, so when we get to kind of our high level vision. We are trying to build the company at the intersection of climate and investing right now we see it as a fundamentally open category and we think that they’re really people are looking for a place that they can trust and again as we talked about earlier. It’s a really high bar. You have to meet for that and we take on that challenge willingly because we’re so focused it enables us to move really quickly and move into other spaces really quickly so we launched in this in 2021 in September we launched our green four one k program. Which allowed us to come on as investment advisors for mission-driven companies. So like if you guys if and when you guys launch a 401 k if you didn’t work with a carbon collective. You went with like a guide lie and or ah you know, empower or human interest it would force you to invest in Fossil Fuel companies you and all of your members. That is just contrary to your mission that doesn’t make any sense it it. It deflates the value of the perk as a founder of what you’d give to your employees and so we actually found oh. We could actually come on and be the investment advisor where we take on the liability and responsibility away from the record keeper the guideline of building those portfolios. And we can make it a win-win-win for everyone so that is going that that program is going really well and scaling really nicely and kind of from a business standpoint. It’s like what you talked about earlier of you know going to mccj on the slack channel and stuff like that like that’s a collection of people people who come to work at a company like yours or something like that. That’s an. Another self-selecting group of people that we then get to go talk to and hopefully help help them navigate. What is this challenging space and build. Trust.

James McWalter

And we are we are setting up our for one k in the next two weeks so I will I will honestly take you open that I offer because even though a couple of us it is something that I was literally like just looking at guideline it’s None clicks and we be done. Um, and I think that defaults are kind of what you’re battling against right. But I think over time as you actually become the default I think then then you will start to see that kind of real hockey sick kind of growth and at scale.

Zach Stein

I Think so too. Yeah, we definitely should talk. We have a great deal right now with forever savings. So let’s talk a fine about that. Um, yeah I think so this is something That’s really interesting that came out of our mon testing was there was a cohort of people who are just.

James McWalter

Yeah, absolutely.

Zach Stein

Ah, off when we ask these type of questions and you probably see this person. You could think of them too where they would say why should I do anything about climate change when it’s all the corporations in government’s faults I’m one person I was born into this world like get off my back stop guilting me and to some degree that person is totally correct. Like they you are just None person. You are born into this world. But what it misses of saying it’s all just corporations or governments and they should fix it is it fails to ask the question of well what should how do you How do corporations and governments change and what’s on I keep coming back to and it’s something I wrestle a lot with is. Like the status quo only changes and this is like the status quo of guide log be the default option like the status quo only changes when enough individuals or companies. Whatever it is decide to change it like I don’t know of a different theory of change.

Zach Stein

Than that of like how to change the world.

James McWalter

And well so that but then you also have the the combination of ah often technology that makes things a bit more obvious right? and so it kind of goes back to sa of transparency and I think there are so many areas of the economy that has just like relied on the opaque nature of their processes. Because nobody really cared like like a classic kind of non-climate example is the idea of sweatshops and so until mid 90 s there wasn’t really any sort of like general awareness of what is occurring at you know a South East asian sweatshop and then that changed and while that problem is not kind of away. You know it is at least something that consumers started to kind of think through things like ethical fashion and and and these kind of elements and I think that a lot of what happened was it was just actually easier to communicate in the 90 s people all of a sudden could send an email or. Communicate much more rapidly and eventually we had you know ubiquitous video to show conditions and I think what we’re starting to see is as information is more readily available as you know, even small cap companies that wouldn’t typically have a ton of research analysts on it even their data is more easily extractable. You start to have the but benefit of. Places like carbon collective to like make sense of that data expose it and you know drive change that way.

Zach Stein

I think so and I think to kind of use the sweats up shop analogy a little bit further should kind of stand on the shoulders of the work of activists before where you know those activists came in. You know they were to say this is wrong. You know Nike you should change I remember that with you know, there’s. Very focused on Nike at that time and that kind of gave room for a company like everlane to come about and saying there is this this awareness and this push but there’s not necessarily a place to go for it and so I think you know when I look at a company like carbon collective. I see like the group the work of the groups like three fifty dot org and Bill Mckibben and the divestment movement of that being some of the shoulders that we’re standing on of kind of popularizing and educating that we cannot solve climate change without changing how we invest and I think that’s really key.

James McWalter

And I guess you slightly touched upon it. But I’d love to kind of get you know if if you had any kind of numbers around like what the ah roi is right? because if the primary Decision-ma process that you kind of alluded to at the very beginning as you’re kind of thinking through this you know people to trust their fifty K plus. Retirement account in the hands a car collective. They want to see yeah a reasonable return for that in a way that at a minimum I guess tracks with the vanguards of betterments and so on Um, but but you are also from what you said like having to expose. To Larger. Let’s say small cap risk than then maybe more so than a typical kind of Vanguard or betterment. Um, so yeah, so I Guess how do you you know, think about the kind of different ah Roi and the the kind of risk adjusted investment profile of a karma collective account.

Zach Stein

Absolutely we think about it a lot so our core portfolios which is kind of what I described at the beginning with those 3 buckets that divest reinvest and engage the rest. Um, that is the that that’s what makes up our core and that’s where you get a similar level of risk in return when we do our back testing. Can go to our website. You could see our None ar back test. We update it quarterly. We show all kind of like the relevant metrics. We I think we do a pretty good job of explaining what it means to people who don’t know what things like beta or standard deviation are like is higher lower is like higher better or worse like we’d tell you? um.

James McWalter

It Red Red red is bad. Green is good. These kind of things. Yeah.

Zach Stein

Ah, basically um, so we try to make that really transparent we get this question a lot and I think I but take this opportunity to kind of step back and even a little bit larger because you brought it the divestment movement and this kind of goes into the theory of change where I think that that that the divestment movement. Promise land for when you start seeing things to really change is not just when people like you and me are saying I don’t want to be in fossil fuels because it’s wrong but people like you and me are saying I don’t want to be in fossil fuels because it’s wrong and it’s stupid financially and starting to spread those narratives when you. I think are fairly educated educated on economical things. So efficient market hypothesis is you know a theory that stocks are priced based upon publicly available information and there’s a lot of debate upon it in economic circles. But you know you can make the guess that it’s largely true. Maybe outside of some insider trading one people make the argument for efficient market hypothesis and this is often an argument against divestment. They’re just like de efficient market hypothesis. The prices itself. You’re not going to change anything what they don’t take into consideration is that there’s publicly available data is. What are the underlying narratives that we have about certain industries that are just pervasive. There are the undercurrents that you don’t see and there is an underlying narrative and you touched us on this by talking about wall street that fossil fuels are fundamentally a necessary evil in a balanced portfolio that if you want returns. That’s your primary goal. You have to include them. And there was a none narrative that sustainable investing is just for green hippies like me who want to wear our values and are willing to take worse returns for doing that and both of those narratives have proven false. So if you had divested from the sandpfivehundred from one thousand eighty nine to the present you would have made more money. Ah, 0 is born looking forward when we look at should you hold Fossil Fuels like should you be long on fossil fuels or climate solutions just the macroeconomic trends but you know without any legislation at all like 50% of the oil that is used in America is on our roadways. And most of that is in individual cars and trucks like you and I own. We just have a better technology here. It’s like the horse and buggy to a car. It does the same thing as a fossil fuel power car but it does it faster it is safer it is roomier you don’t have to go to a gas station. It costs a none as much to maintain you could drive it for a million miles and in None ars it’ll be cheaper to buy up front like that’s the middle of a technological transformation and that’s a lot of market share for oil. That’s just gonna go away and it’s not.

Zach Stein

There’s not room. There’s not other industries where that’s going to be made up or kind of tapped out in plastic. You know, maybe the growth of airlines and the broader growth of the economy but like maybe blue hydrogen. Maybe if green hydrogen doesn’t get there first. So when we kind of look at the long-term trends of like. Should you be invested sustainably. We try to make it very clear of any time that you deviate from the market you’re gonna have deviating returns in the near term you’re in a half months or you’re higherre gonna have months where you’re lower. That’s the way we you know we let’s not beat around that theres bit and that’s happened with our carbon collective portfolios. When we we are focused on long-term investing on on kind of the decades level approach that to us. It just makes a lot more sense to not hold the industries who are fundamentally being outcompeted and instead hold those that are replacing them well and then just you know hold the rest as well.

James McWalter

Yet’s super interesting and as I looked so you have your index which is on your website and actually a previous guest. The Ceo of beam global is on the index I’m sure he’d be a Duncan Denis um would be delighted. Yeah no I’d absolutely a happy take.

Zach Stein

Um, yeah, make the intro. Let’s get there for 1 k.

James McWalter

Yes, yeah, absolutely. Um, but I think one of the one of the powerful things about it as well. Like if I think about the ah the kind of startup ecosystem and the private company side of things you know we we had this kind of very exciting and I would say a pretty volatile issuance of Sps and so on and I’m sure there’s quite a few specs as like. Quickly glance at the index on there. But what I think is like really powerful about having an index like that and and creating this connection between those companies four one k and the overall kind of long-term market returns that actually also gives very nice comps to. Later stage climate companies and then that I’ll filter down to earlier stage climate companies that there is like a very very clear path and for those who kind of yeah this is before my time but I’ve talked to folks who were involved in the you know the none kind of renewable startup world just over a decade ago. Clean tech 1.0 and they really struggled to get to a clearer exit path whereas this is like you know you’re getting all the way into a 4 1 k like the more eventual boring quote unquote it becomes the more exciting it is for earlier stage investors because it’s like okay that’s that’s true. Scale.

Zach Stein

I Think that’s a really interesting perspective I actually haven’t really considered before yeah in the point that you bring up of what is the difference between Clean Tech 1.0 and you know climate Tech 2.0 of what we’re in now is it’s the end markets. Is that especially in so many of those areas like electric cars or like renewable energy. It’s not based upon altruism of what’s driving the end Market. It’s based upon financials and so all the kind of the whole ecosystem there of like what you’re building. For example. Um, like it just makes a ton of sense like if climate change wasn’t a problem your business would still be a venture business and like that’s that’s a really big difference Mine I don’t know but yours definitely would be.

James McWalter

Bre.

01:14:50.22

James McWalter

No absolutely And and I mean even yours because like we do want clean air right? like so there are also these other externalities that we are trying to reduce. Um hopefully and thankfully and we talked a little bit but before we jump to the call and I believe you have a a newborn and it.

James McWalter

So It’s very difficult to start a company build a company, get it to scale while also you know managing these other yeah, very very important like restrictions on our time and so I guess how you find Found. Kind of balancing those things particularly because you’ve already previously founded a company and I’m sure it was slightly different experience with that first company.

Zach Stein

Yeah, we talked about this a little bit on the beginning of the call at kind of seeing kind of the culture of founders who are like yeah I work seven days a week and like maybe it’s because I’m an introvert at heart or something like that. But I need so much creativity for the work. That I do. It’s like I don’t think you could write poetry 80 hours a week like if you’re kind of in that format. Yeah, exactly like it wouldn’t be very good could just get continually worse unless it’s like you’re like the monkey trying to write Shakespeare so that.

James McWalter

This poetry sweatshop.

Zach Stein

To me. It’s something that’s kind of going as and as a baseline of having really clear rules for myself of when am I unplugging when am I turning it off when am I not checking emails I Very deliberately do not have email alerts on my phone for that reason. So it’s been kind of just a continuation of that of having a newborn his name’s caleb.

James McWalter

It very good. Yeah, it’s good. It’s good that the scottish name right? Yeah, okay.

Zach Stein

Really cute. Thanks um, yeah, biblical. Originally he was one of the the spies sent by moses to go look into the land of Israel and see’m jewish and see come back and say like. You know god said we should go here like should we go here if so how at the other 10 of out of the None spies told like these lies that like it was either like incredibly good like unrealisticically but or unrealistically bad and C Caleb is one of the 2 that told the truth of saying that like. Is is going to be hard, but it’s going to be doable and especially in starting you know, working on a climate tech company and being in this space I think that was part of the reason for naming a child that I think that’s kind of the ethos that so much so many of us have to hold of it’s going to be hard. And it is really hard and it is really scary and we also have to hold that it’s doable and so yeah, my life has become very narrowed since having him in a really nice way in some ways my first priority or my first priority is him frankly, my second priority is carbon collective and my third priority is. Taking care of my wife so she can you know, be there to press feed and do things like that that I can’t do um and everything else is very far beneath that now I haven’t exercised in like twenty days

James McWalter

I and and I think that is yeah as long as people understand the tradeoffs they’re making I think I think it all. It’s all fine and and some people would have their priority stack different depending on on their kind of life situation. Um, it’s funny you you know this idea of like the the poetry search shop. There’s this like old tale of James Joyce the the famous irish author and he’s like supposedly working away in his you know, writer’s room shouting and and you know the person he was with at the time was like downstairs hearing all this and he comes down after like a full day and she’s like oh James like you know. Was today gone and he’s like I wrote None words and she’s like oh my god like that’s that’s really good because she knows how difficult it is for him to kind of produce anything at all and he’s like I don’t know what order to put them in you know and so I think like that like in similar to the metaphor of you know.

James McWalter

Raising a child for a startup founder I think that’s also a bit of a metaphor for trying to figure these things out. Um, but Zack this has been absolutely brilliant before we finish off is there anything I should have asked you about but did not.

Zach Stein

I don’t think so I um, yeah, this has been a lovely chat and you know I think if you are listening to this as a fellow founder in the climate space come check us out for 401 k’s or if you’re an investor in climate you’re None can you have a 4 one k it. Also shouldn’t force you to invest in Fossil Fuels we help you out. We aren you know were work with partners that integrate every payroll provider. We build a series of portfolios offer unlimited education where real people we’re quite helpful frankly and you’re really not going to pay much more than you would otherwise. So tos. It’s a big, no brainer.

James McWalter

I yeah absolutely and I’m not even joking like just because it’s a bug I guess but I’m literally figuring out the 401 k right now and we’ll we’ll well have a chat about this. Thank you Zach.

Zach Stein

Okay, like Jabs thanks so much for having me.

Title: Solving Climate Change with 401Ks – E102

Great to chat with Zach Stein, Cofounder of Carbon Collective! Carbon Collective is the first online investment advisor 100% focused on climate change! We discussed the importance of a well-defined customer cohort, how to assess a climate positive company, the intersection of climate and investing and more!

https://carbotnic.com/carboncollective

Download Podcast Here: https://plinkhq.com/i/1518148418

Remember, If you want to support the podcast please rate and review 5 stars on  Apple, Thanks so much! 

James

The unedited podcast transcript is below

James McWalter

Hello today we are speaking with Zach Stein co-founder of carbon collective welcome to podcast, brilliant to start could you tells a little bit about carbon collective.

Zach Stein

James so glad to be here. Carbon collective is an online investment platform that enables individuals and businesses through their 401Ks to invest in portfolios that are built around solving climate change right now sustainable investing as what wall street sells. It is just a less bad version of the world today. We know what we need to do our greatest issue within sustainability which is solving climate change and we cannot do that with fundamentally scaling sustainable investing but in a way that is aligned with that end goal. So that’s what we do.

James McWalter

And what drove the initial decision to start Carmen collective. Yeah.

Zach Stein

So this is the second company that my cofounder and I have started. We’ve known each other since we were four years old first company was also in sustainability but in a very different space and at 2020 right at the beginning we set out with a whiteboard on saying how could we build better tools. To enable individuals to collectivize their climate actions and just identifying that we as individuals. But so many of us when we face climate change. We just get left hanging at the top of the emotional feedback loop. It was just like fuck like this is terrible. The icebergs are melting the fires are coming. World is still run by fossil fuels and emissions I’ve never been higher I’m one person. What can I do within that so that to us you know seemed like a problem that was looking for better solutions and we ended up interviewing one ah none people in and around our network trying to figure out where their climate actions anxiety took them. But actions it took them to take it where they got blocked and investing was this place again and again that we found they ran into.

James McWalter

That’s such an interesting process and I went through something very similar and I’ve talked to a lot of climate founders on on the podcast who’ve also done similar where you nearly start with a whiteboard and like a print out of the emissions in the economy and then you start trying to draw the lines between these different areas and then also trying to work with you know a certain amount of. Founder fifth and so yeah I guess kind of digging into that process like was this over you know, long weekend or was this kind of just ah, a constant kind of iteration over the series of months

Zach Stein

It was a long process. We formally kicked off on jan one of 2020 and we didn’t know what we were building until June like the beginning of June of none for sure so we started by reading. We probably read like None books in the first quarter. And really just getting deep and then we really kicked off into interview mode and we went through the whole thing of like we started off by building all the like a paper prototype that was like really like beautiful and like trying to illustrate our none idea and the None person we interviewed was like hey there’s this book called the mom test.

James McWalter

Yes, yes, very important book I.

Zach Stein

Have you heard of it. Yes, and so we’re like no we we haven’t done. He’s like you need to read it and so we’ve read it and we’re like oh my God we should have been doing this all along and so we just strapped everything and went right into just mom testing as hard as we could.

James McWalter

Yeah, and and for for the listeners. Um, if you’re looking to build anything that ah has any sort of consumer mass adoption and honestly even from Enterprise as we have the consumerization of Enterprise it becomes ever important if I read that you know it it really really helps you ask better questions. Ah, both of.

Zach Stein

Yeah, yeah.

James McWalter

Potential users. But then also of yourselves in terms of how you try to develop products to solve protect our problems.

Zach Stein

Yeah I think if you’re just at a point whether it’s a new product or a new feature or whatever that is on a product if you’re asking the quiet yourself the question should we build this then Mom testing is as as far as I’ve seen the best way of answering that question without actually building a thing.

James McWalter

I Yeah absolutely and you know I haven’t talked as much about this my own startup but when we were whiteboarding my cofounder and I like going to lots of different options. We were literally just there was a particular cohort of people we wanted to service and we would just ask them questions about the biggest problem they have that no one’s Solving. We just like write those down. And then thematically just the the problem we ended up focusing on came out and I think that just like that’s another way. It’s like I want to solve a problem in a particular cohort of people that have a climate impact or in our case, it was developers of clean energy and so on. But yeah, did they have like. Obviously we need to do all these other things and it’s like well it’s actually blocking it and so then you can kind of start building products around those blockers and those problems.

Zach Stein

Exactly you know for you. It was developers and for us it was individuals who had climbing anxiety So we we each kind of had that focus but then was able to use you know, kind of limit or or you know have our curiosity just take over from there.

James McWalter

And you know people with climate anxiety. That’s also a pretty large demographic group right? A lot of different slices and so as you kind of explored right? exactly. But as you kind of explored that. How do you start? this kind of segment. You know what that early customer cohort you wanted to go after might look like so.

Zach Stein

Fair.

Zach Stein

Yeah, it became clear to us that the hardest people to win over. But also the most important were going to be people who knew a lot and were focusing to some degree on climate change in their lives. They were the most important because. They were often the ones who felt the greatest pain where especially as an individual the level of cognitive dissonance that they they feel for say I work on climate change in my everyday life and then I like I get into that Suv and like drive home that it just it causes pain it causes identity suffering. There and so these type of people are trying to align every part of their personal lives to salt and climate change. So a really good fit there. The reason that they’re the hardest to sell to is that they’ve been burned greenwashing we stepping into the space of sustainable investing. We are stepping into a space that has been.

James McWalter

Right.

Zach Stein

Maybe the most greenwashed of kind of all spaces with it climate and so we fundamentally especially to this group that knows so well and has been exposed to that green washing we are stepping into a place that I like to say we are guilty until proven innocent in coming in for Them. So. Yeah, it’s people who work in the climate Space. So We very much are kind of writing the code tales on the rise of climate tech itself. Also this is obviously like nonprofits and academics as well. But then we also found a pretty strong traction with a group of cohort that we call ecotechies and this is.

Zach Stein

More engineering focused and folks who generally tend to work in tech. It might maybe would want to go work at climate company but like are making 300 k from Facebook or meta or whatever it’s called now drive a tesla ride a mountain bike on the weekend I think we probably all could picture this person. Um, and so them as well.

Zach Stein

Um, and for them they also are going to kind of demand that same level of rigor that this is the type of people who really likes to understand how the world works and once they’re only going to align with something when they can really see that someone has really done the homework in a way that is logical and makes sense to them and and is transparent.

James McWalter

That’s that’s super clear and I think it is ah really essential to get that. Well-defined customer cohort to kind of go after right because you can’t service everybody and so as you kind of zoomed in on that. Um, and one of the nice things about that cohort is I’m already thinking of places where those. Human beings like congregate online like they’re in the forums of places like my climateurney and so on so you know from a distribution and getting in front of people point of view. Um, it’s actually like a pretty nice kind of cohort to kind of go after but you still have to kind of win that trust and you do that through building an Mvp that yeah really starts to solve a problem that. As they see it and so what was that kind of initial Mvp iteration like.

Zach Stein

Yeah, so for us and this came through our mom testing it became really clear that. Yeah, we could not build something and this was also a failure. We interviewed founders who had kind of taken a crap at like a green investment app and stuff like that and a lot of the where we diagnosed. Where they fell short was they did not fully appreciate that the number None reason that people are investing is to meet their financial goals. They’re not investing with to drive impact that is a secondary. Um so primarily and and for so many of us the way that we’ve been taught that is smart to invest. Is what vanguard taught us is to invest passively with as much of the market as you can diversify it as possible with as low fees as possible and so we said okay we can’t break that mold because that would be a double bank shot. We’d have to say you know hey invest in this new way that is different that you are taught and you’ve never heard of us it. It should. This is how we’re going to drive impact that’s going to be too hard so we said all right? Can we build portfolios that kind of meet that none threshold but then secondarily have a very clear theory of change in regards to climate and so that went through a lot of iteration. We had to get registered with the se. And be able to launch as a robo advisor and do that and and then went through like lots of experimentation of how are we actually telling the story of how these portfolios are put together in a way that is concise and makes sense to people and kind of the first test that we had before we raised our pre-seed round. Was would did did it work was our hypothesis correct and how we built these portfolios that individuals would not treat it like climate charity which they often did with other platforms where they’d roll over like or they’d like invest 3 grand or something you know it was like.

Zach Stein

Money that you’re like okay I can lose this It’s not money of saying this is my retirement account and or would they move their full iris over toser roll over at old four None k and what we found luckily our our hypothesis was was correct. That our average account size was like closer to $50000 so people were moving over those larger chunks of money for them. Those full accounts consolidating with us and that kind of gave us the gumption of saying all right we have we’re on something here to go and raise ah a pre preceded in February of 2021.

James McWalter

Yeah, that’s that’s going to be exciting and going from you know ideation right? before covid I guess if it was None all the way through you know within year and a year and a half kind of getting to that level is in a very tough time for for everybody is is actually phenomenal and.

Zach Stein

Thanks Sam.

James McWalter

Going Well going through those steps with the scc and so On. Um I Think that’s also something that people who are coming in to try to ah build something in Climate. There’s often already existing rules of the road to navigate and you know some of them are literally legal like you need to do it Otherwise you literally legally can’t do it. Um, and so I guess how did you find that process. You know it’s something that scares away a lot of you know founders from tackling certain problems because of those kind of regulatory Burdens. And yeah I Guess what was the experience like.

Zach Stein

Yeah I think about this a lot and I imagined you do too that if we as humans had perfect like for knowledge of how hard something was going to be before you did it like we would just do so many fewer things. Yeah.

Zach Stein

Um, so it was a grant to get through that process and rightfully it should I think that this is you know what are the areas in terms of financial regulation that is really important and that you should It should be strict and hard to get through and say yes, the scc. Um, you’ve now passed the requirements that you need to pass in order to legally offer investment advice and manage other people’s money so that certainly was a challenge and also making sure that we found the right people around us to help make sure that the portfolios that we’re building even though they’re. Based on passive investing principles and we had our long back testing kind of showing like hey you could get a similar risk of reward as you would for a generic us-based Index portfolio here getting the right people around to say like yeah like that this this is checking the boxes. This is kind of meeting a fiduciary. Responsibility with this strategy with that That was really important for us to have as well.

James McWalter

And I guess then you know it comes to the the the hard question here. It’s how do we assess a climate positiveive company right? And how do we make sure that we’re balancing portfolios that have that kind of positive climate effect. Guess how do you kind of think through that because even recently there was I know there’s a you know you know Musk Twitter storm about ratings for some of the large oil gas majors getting particular kind of esu ratings that that seemed from the outside to look like overly advantageous to them. So yeah.

James McWalter

How do you think about that and ah, how to measure the actual climate climate impact of these different companies. Please.

Zach Stein

Yeah, so I have a lot of thoughts on this and I’ll try I’ll try to be concise. So this came through our testing as well. We experienced this as individuals but that esg was not actually meeting the the user needs I had that I had as ad as a user of the product. Um, for me, especially wanting impact investing fundamentally what I wanted was two things I wanted a tangible theory of change that I can understand and made sense to me of how my money was going to be driving change in the world. How making this switch from the vanguard index fund to this. Actually going to change anything in the real world and then to an emotional experience of being connected to something higher than myself and I think that for a lot of b to c companies is especially turn the offset space and something like that like that is the Holy Grail that every b to c climate company is going after it’s almost I don’t like to use this word like a religious. Type like of of what religion was you know has historically held of like that connection of I’m a part of something larger than myself I think especially when it comes to climate change that dichotomy of I’m one person who is born into a world run by Fossil Fuels and on a one track to a world of catastrophic warming to the how are we? How am I a part of something bigger that is something that’s really powerful esg as a framework I believe and we argue is in the process of a classic unbundling and so when we look at other products that have. Become kind of the first in their space that were really popular like other users started saying hey I bet we could use it for that. So like we’ve seen the unbundling of of excel. For example, when spreadsheets came about people are like oh this is so great for computation that I can do manually the intended use case. Then other people were like I could store my sales contacts with this not the intended use case you have the unbundling of excel which leads to companies like salesforce so we argue you know there’s the embundling of Craigslist the unbundling of email leading to companies like slack etc. We think that we’re in the middle of the unbundling. Of Esg Where Esg as a framework was created by institutional investors to be used as a tool to build balanced portfolios by institutional investors and they weren’t trying to create impact or drive value what they were trying to do is say huh. There is other factors. That we should be making sure we’re diversified around outside of like credit score and sector and pe ratio. So. It’s literally thinking about it on that level of how are we making sure if there’s you know some piece of environmental legislation hits that we are not facing too much portfolio risk to that.

Zach Stein

The innovation of esg was to quantify all of this for the None time prior to that like that type of rating or that type of system had just been exclusionary filters. So it’s much more basic but you then are these exactly and so.

31:54.38

James McWalter

You like? yeah like get rid of the sin stocks basically Tobacco firearms, etc.

Zach Stein

Then with esg you then have these new users who are like I really want to have value space investing or I really want to have impact investing again. This is a personal theory I think a lot of that especially on the the political left was in response to the election of Donald Trump of there was kind of this looking for ways of say how am I pushing back? How am I that. Kind of doubling down on my sense of identity within that. Which until now we’ve kind of led to this point of the unbundling of esg all right, very long-winded way to talk about How do we build our portfolios as you can guess we don’t use esg esg looks at a company ah at like how it operates at its business. What it doesn’t look at is what does the company make because that is the number None thing that drives its impact. The thing that it makes money from and so we look at the stock market. We kind of bucket companies into 3 categories. The none category are companies whose core business is fundamentally antithetical with solving climate change.

Zach Stein

And these barring some miracle technological breakthrough. This is obviously oil and gas but petrochemical companies dirty utilities airlines right now. Airline manufacturers cement steel. There’s hope for some of these industries but technologically now for a lot of them. They’re still not there. So we divest we do not invest in these companies. We do not believe it makes sense to own Exxon Mobile to vote on them and we can happy to dive into exactly there in a sec so that’s bucket number None and step one that we take we cut those companies out bucket number 2 are companies that are building solutions to climate change. That’s how they make money tesla is a very famous example kind of why we think it’s absurd and this was a lot of the pushback by Elon Muskkin the Twitter storm you talked about so we look at what are the best independent plans to solving climate change those who are in the climate space have probably heard of them groups like project drawdown the international energy agency Rewiring america and we say which publicly traded companies are building those that aren’t generating more revenue from products or services that are dependent upon the fossil fuel industry that kind of fall into that first bucket. So we just use revenue. We don’t use pledges or anything like that. So an example of a company that does not make it into that category in spite of it making a climate solution is general electric. They didn’t make it last year they are the None largest manufacturer of wind turbines in the world but they generate more revenue from their natural gas turbine and jet engine business. Therefore we do not hold them then the none category is everyone else and these are the companies whose core businesses can exist in a decarbonized world in a 0 carbon world. They just aren’t there today and that that means to us as shareholders this is where we should be engaging. And trying to pressure them to get there as quickly as possible. The example I like to use is Coca-cola there’s no reason why coke can’t sell me a beverage using the secret recipe in a zero carbon future. It’s just doing so powered with 100% renewable energy delivered on 100% electrified fleet and they’re protecting instead of abusing their natural resources. That to us is where we should be engaging as shareholders because right now there’s so much in the climate activist space. It’s trying to go to exxonmobil who like has a line out the door of customers waiting to buy its product and say like hey you should become a solar company and they’re like why would we do that.

Zach Stein

Instead we should be going to the line and being like hey there’s a ah better cheaper way to get what you’re going after.

James McWalter

I love I love I love it telling this. So I think I think the um, the pushback on the issue is really wellm made and it’s the nature of large enterprises. It’s the nature of finance generally. You love a number right? because if you have a number you could start doing things you can index against it. You can say is it going up or down and so ishi was like this attempt or is this attempt to kind of orientate the industry around a number. Um and all of the kind of considerations that go into that number were new to a definition. On the basis of a ton of compromise right? because you know an msci or sandp comes up with their esg indices they are doing that with a ton of conversation with the people who are getting hit badly by the esg indices. Um or potentially it could be hit badly and so. There’s just a user level of compromise because even as divestment occurs even after the blackrock letter a few years ago that’s had like this massive effect on on these things in general, you’re not going to see just like the mass divestment across all of these firms. All of a sudden because it would actually have like a you know, very very large effect. In in the stock market in a way that you know most financial professionals are way more conservative than allowing that to happen and so this all makes a kind of ton of sense to me. It was interesting when you mentioned kind of going into the revenue lines of a company like Ge and figuring out the exact yeah revenue line on a you know let’s say a climate positive versus a climate negative. Basis and the kind of things you’re talking about like typically large investment firms will have you know a none analysts like figuring these kind of things out and so how do you? you know I guess how do you kind of scale that research to figure out exactly what’s happening. Um, yeah, are you just kind of living in ten Ks and ten queues or exactly how do you kind of approach. It.

Zach Stein

Yeah, it’s we do only publicly available information. We think that this is again a problem with esg is that it is fundamentally opaque. You’re saying this is ethical. It matches your ethics. Sorry we can’t tell you how we came up with this and we’re not going to be able to show you in the future. What decisions we’re going to make with it. Um, that again, it just it kind of fails. The none test of trust building and it fails what you’re trying to build so for us transparency is absolutely key which means we all use publicly available information. So yes, it is 10 k’s. We look at investor reports and try to dig where we can and there’s companies which you can go on our website and you can look at our full list of all the climate solution companies that we evaluated in 2021 it was 352 companies. We identified as building or potentially building a climate solution. None made it through our filters so you could not only see every single company that made it through but also the ones that didn’t and why they didn’t what they failed of our criteria. We try to make it really really clear and one of the categories is lack sufficient information for it. If we cannot see the exact revenue breakdown between these product lines then we just don’t hold it in there. Um, because it means our clients also could not double check and repeat it for us.

James McWalter

That that’s very interesting. So so we have these kind of None companies just so I have a kind of sense of scale relative to something like the sandpfivehundred would those one hundred and sixty nine from a market cap basis would that be None of the sbfivehundred or like yeah fifteen twenty percent just to kind of get a sense of like how far we have to go to start having companies that have such a clear climate positive. Ah you know impact.

Zach Stein

Yeah let me I actually have members for this if you just give me a sec let me look this up so in the way that we build it about. In terms of the market capitalization. This is not going to be the best way of doing it but about 50% of our climate solutions collection is large gap about 30% is midcap and about 20% of Smallcap. So there are certainly companies in there who are large gap in there. You know Tesla is kind of the going to be the most.

James McWalter

So it’s about 80 so if you think about this and pick 500 is large cap and you have 169 so you know fifty to eighty companies in the sb 500 might fit into that criteria. Okay.

Zach Stein

Aggressive and leading example.

Zach Stein

It’s probably a little bit lower but I would need to go in and kind of look and double check.

James McWalter

Ah, under said. Okay, but I think it’s a good level setting for for me as I kind of think through again the the amount of ramp that’s needed to start pushing all these companies into it right? because even let’s say it is 50 companies that’s 10% of the s and b 500 um there’s a huge amount of.

James McWalter

Gap there that needs to be made up for and to do that and your theory of change is leveraging you know a large movement of capital from the existing place to this new place where it’s focusing on that 10% and kind of expanding those and then also those companies will perform better because of ah you know the ability to kind of. Their valuation is going up and so on and so I guess as you kind of think through like what are like the best levers to to do that. So is it getting yeah hundreds of companies to sign up from a benefits point of view with. Consumers would would you guys or are there other Levers. You’re thinking about.

Zach Stein

Yeah, so when we get to kind of our high level vision. We are trying to build the company at the intersection of climate and investing right now we see it as a fundamentally open category and we think that they’re really people are looking for a place that they can trust and again as we talked about earlier. It’s a really high bar. You have to meet for that and we take on that challenge willingly because we’re so focused it enables us to move really quickly and move into other spaces really quickly so we launched in this in 2021 in September we launched our green four one k program. Which allowed us to come on as investment advisors for mission-driven companies. So like if you guys if and when you guys launch a 401 k if you didn’t work with a carbon collective. You went with like a guide lie and or ah you know, empower or human interest it would force you to invest in Fossil Fuel companies you and all of your members. That is just contrary to your mission that doesn’t make any sense it it. It deflates the value of the perk as a founder of what you’d give to your employees and so we actually found oh. We could actually come on and be the investment advisor where we take on the liability and responsibility away from the record keeper the guideline of building those portfolios. And we can make it a win-win-win for everyone so that is going that that program is going really well and scaling really nicely and kind of from a business standpoint. It’s like what you talked about earlier of you know going to mccj on the slack channel and stuff like that like that’s a collection of people people who come to work at a company like yours or something like that. That’s an. Another self-selecting group of people that we then get to go talk to and hopefully help help them navigate. What is this challenging space and build. Trust.

James McWalter

And we are we are setting up our for one k in the next two weeks so I will I will honestly take you open that I offer because even though a couple of us it is something that I was literally like just looking at guideline it’s None clicks and we be done. Um, and I think that defaults are kind of what you’re battling against right. But I think over time as you actually become the default I think then then you will start to see that kind of real hockey sick kind of growth and at scale.

Zach Stein

I Think so too. Yeah, we definitely should talk. We have a great deal right now with forever savings. So let’s talk a fine about that. Um, yeah I think so this is something That’s really interesting that came out of our mon testing was there was a cohort of people who are just.

James McWalter

Yeah, absolutely.

Zach Stein

Ah, off when we ask these type of questions and you probably see this person. You could think of them too where they would say why should I do anything about climate change when it’s all the corporations in government’s faults I’m one person I was born into this world like get off my back stop guilting me and to some degree that person is totally correct. Like they you are just None person. You are born into this world. But what it misses of saying it’s all just corporations or governments and they should fix it is it fails to ask the question of well what should how do you How do corporations and governments change and what’s on I keep coming back to and it’s something I wrestle a lot with is. Like the status quo only changes and this is like the status quo of guide log be the default option like the status quo only changes when enough individuals or companies. Whatever it is decide to change it like I don’t know of a different theory of change.

Zach Stein

Than that of like how to change the world.

James McWalter

And well so that but then you also have the the combination of ah often technology that makes things a bit more obvious right? and so it kind of goes back to sa of transparency and I think there are so many areas of the economy that has just like relied on the opaque nature of their processes. Because nobody really cared like like a classic kind of non-climate example is the idea of sweatshops and so until mid 90 s there wasn’t really any sort of like general awareness of what is occurring at you know a South East asian sweatshop and then that changed and while that problem is not kind of away. You know it is at least something that consumers started to kind of think through things like ethical fashion and and and these kind of elements and I think that a lot of what happened was it was just actually easier to communicate in the 90 s people all of a sudden could send an email or. Communicate much more rapidly and eventually we had you know ubiquitous video to show conditions and I think what we’re starting to see is as information is more readily available as you know, even small cap companies that wouldn’t typically have a ton of research analysts on it even their data is more easily extractable. You start to have the but benefit of. Places like carbon collective to like make sense of that data expose it and you know drive change that way.

Zach Stein

I think so and I think to kind of use the sweats up shop analogy a little bit further should kind of stand on the shoulders of the work of activists before where you know those activists came in. You know they were to say this is wrong. You know Nike you should change I remember that with you know, there’s. Very focused on Nike at that time and that kind of gave room for a company like everlane to come about and saying there is this this awareness and this push but there’s not necessarily a place to go for it and so I think you know when I look at a company like carbon collective. I see like the group the work of the groups like three fifty dot org and Bill Mckibben and the divestment movement of that being some of the shoulders that we’re standing on of kind of popularizing and educating that we cannot solve climate change without changing how we invest and I think that’s really key.

James McWalter

And I guess you slightly touched upon it. But I’d love to kind of get you know if if you had any kind of numbers around like what the ah roi is right? because if the primary Decision-ma process that you kind of alluded to at the very beginning as you’re kind of thinking through this you know people to trust their fifty K plus. Retirement account in the hands a car collective. They want to see yeah a reasonable return for that in a way that at a minimum I guess tracks with the vanguards of betterments and so on Um, but but you are also from what you said like having to expose. To Larger. Let’s say small cap risk than then maybe more so than a typical kind of Vanguard or betterment. Um, so yeah, so I Guess how do you you know, think about the kind of different ah Roi and the the kind of risk adjusted investment profile of a karma collective account.

Zach Stein

Absolutely we think about it a lot so our core portfolios which is kind of what I described at the beginning with those 3 buckets that divest reinvest and engage the rest. Um, that is the that that’s what makes up our core and that’s where you get a similar level of risk in return when we do our back testing. Can go to our website. You could see our None ar back test. We update it quarterly. We show all kind of like the relevant metrics. We I think we do a pretty good job of explaining what it means to people who don’t know what things like beta or standard deviation are like is higher lower is like higher better or worse like we’d tell you? um.

James McWalter

It Red Red red is bad. Green is good. These kind of things. Yeah.

Zach Stein

Ah, basically um, so we try to make that really transparent we get this question a lot and I think I but take this opportunity to kind of step back and even a little bit larger because you brought it the divestment movement and this kind of goes into the theory of change where I think that that that the divestment movement. Promise land for when you start seeing things to really change is not just when people like you and me are saying I don’t want to be in fossil fuels because it’s wrong but people like you and me are saying I don’t want to be in fossil fuels because it’s wrong and it’s stupid financially and starting to spread those narratives when you. I think are fairly educated educated on economical things. So efficient market hypothesis is you know a theory that stocks are priced based upon publicly available information and there’s a lot of debate upon it in economic circles. But you know you can make the guess that it’s largely true. Maybe outside of some insider trading one people make the argument for efficient market hypothesis and this is often an argument against divestment. They’re just like de efficient market hypothesis. The prices itself. You’re not going to change anything what they don’t take into consideration is that there’s publicly available data is. What are the underlying narratives that we have about certain industries that are just pervasive. There are the undercurrents that you don’t see and there is an underlying narrative and you touched us on this by talking about wall street that fossil fuels are fundamentally a necessary evil in a balanced portfolio that if you want returns. That’s your primary goal. You have to include them. And there was a none narrative that sustainable investing is just for green hippies like me who want to wear our values and are willing to take worse returns for doing that and both of those narratives have proven false. So if you had divested from the sandpfivehundred from one thousand eighty nine to the present you would have made more money. Ah, 0 is born looking forward when we look at should you hold Fossil Fuels like should you be long on fossil fuels or climate solutions just the macroeconomic trends but you know without any legislation at all like 50% of the oil that is used in America is on our roadways. And most of that is in individual cars and trucks like you and I own. We just have a better technology here. It’s like the horse and buggy to a car. It does the same thing as a fossil fuel power car but it does it faster it is safer it is roomier you don’t have to go to a gas station. It costs a none as much to maintain you could drive it for a million miles and in None ars it’ll be cheaper to buy up front like that’s the middle of a technological transformation and that’s a lot of market share for oil. That’s just gonna go away and it’s not.

Zach Stein

There’s not room. There’s not other industries where that’s going to be made up or kind of tapped out in plastic. You know, maybe the growth of airlines and the broader growth of the economy but like maybe blue hydrogen. Maybe if green hydrogen doesn’t get there first. So when we kind of look at the long-term trends of like. Should you be invested sustainably. We try to make it very clear of any time that you deviate from the market you’re gonna have deviating returns in the near term you’re in a half months or you’re higherre gonna have months where you’re lower. That’s the way we you know we let’s not beat around that theres bit and that’s happened with our carbon collective portfolios. When we we are focused on long-term investing on on kind of the decades level approach that to us. It just makes a lot more sense to not hold the industries who are fundamentally being outcompeted and instead hold those that are replacing them well and then just you know hold the rest as well.

James McWalter

Yet’s super interesting and as I looked so you have your index which is on your website and actually a previous guest. The Ceo of beam global is on the index I’m sure he’d be a Duncan Denis um would be delighted. Yeah no I’d absolutely a happy take.

Zach Stein

Um, yeah, make the intro. Let’s get there for 1 k.

James McWalter

Yes, yeah, absolutely. Um, but I think one of the one of the powerful things about it as well. Like if I think about the ah the kind of startup ecosystem and the private company side of things you know we we had this kind of very exciting and I would say a pretty volatile issuance of Sps and so on and I’m sure there’s quite a few specs as like. Quickly glance at the index on there. But what I think is like really powerful about having an index like that and and creating this connection between those companies four one k and the overall kind of long-term market returns that actually also gives very nice comps to. Later stage climate companies and then that I’ll filter down to earlier stage climate companies that there is like a very very clear path and for those who kind of yeah this is before my time but I’ve talked to folks who were involved in the you know the none kind of renewable startup world just over a decade ago. Clean tech 1.0 and they really struggled to get to a clearer exit path whereas this is like you know you’re getting all the way into a 4 1 k like the more eventual boring quote unquote it becomes the more exciting it is for earlier stage investors because it’s like okay that’s that’s true. Scale.

Zach Stein

I Think that’s a really interesting perspective I actually haven’t really considered before yeah in the point that you bring up of what is the difference between Clean Tech 1.0 and you know climate Tech 2.0 of what we’re in now is it’s the end markets. Is that especially in so many of those areas like electric cars or like renewable energy. It’s not based upon altruism of what’s driving the end Market. It’s based upon financials and so all the kind of the whole ecosystem there of like what you’re building. For example. Um, like it just makes a ton of sense like if climate change wasn’t a problem your business would still be a venture business and like that’s that’s a really big difference Mine I don’t know but yours definitely would be.

James McWalter

Bre.

01:14:50.22

James McWalter

No absolutely And and I mean even yours because like we do want clean air right? like so there are also these other externalities that we are trying to reduce. Um hopefully and thankfully and we talked a little bit but before we jump to the call and I believe you have a a newborn and it.

James McWalter

So It’s very difficult to start a company build a company, get it to scale while also you know managing these other yeah, very very important like restrictions on our time and so I guess how you find Found. Kind of balancing those things particularly because you’ve already previously founded a company and I’m sure it was slightly different experience with that first company.

Zach Stein

Yeah, we talked about this a little bit on the beginning of the call at kind of seeing kind of the culture of founders who are like yeah I work seven days a week and like maybe it’s because I’m an introvert at heart or something like that. But I need so much creativity for the work. That I do. It’s like I don’t think you could write poetry 80 hours a week like if you’re kind of in that format. Yeah, exactly like it wouldn’t be very good could just get continually worse unless it’s like you’re like the monkey trying to write Shakespeare so that.

James McWalter

This poetry sweatshop.

Zach Stein

To me. It’s something that’s kind of going as and as a baseline of having really clear rules for myself of when am I unplugging when am I turning it off when am I not checking emails I Very deliberately do not have email alerts on my phone for that reason. So it’s been kind of just a continuation of that of having a newborn his name’s caleb.

James McWalter

It very good. Yeah, it’s good. It’s good that the scottish name right? Yeah, okay.

Zach Stein

Really cute. Thanks um, yeah, biblical. Originally he was one of the the spies sent by moses to go look into the land of Israel and see’m jewish and see come back and say like. You know god said we should go here like should we go here if so how at the other 10 of out of the None spies told like these lies that like it was either like incredibly good like unrealisticically but or unrealistically bad and C Caleb is one of the 2 that told the truth of saying that like. Is is going to be hard, but it’s going to be doable and especially in starting you know, working on a climate tech company and being in this space I think that was part of the reason for naming a child that I think that’s kind of the ethos that so much so many of us have to hold of it’s going to be hard. And it is really hard and it is really scary and we also have to hold that it’s doable and so yeah, my life has become very narrowed since having him in a really nice way in some ways my first priority or my first priority is him frankly, my second priority is carbon collective and my third priority is. Taking care of my wife so she can you know, be there to press feed and do things like that that I can’t do um and everything else is very far beneath that now I haven’t exercised in like twenty days

James McWalter

I and and I think that is yeah as long as people understand the tradeoffs they’re making I think I think it all. It’s all fine and and some people would have their priority stack different depending on on their kind of life situation. Um, it’s funny you you know this idea of like the the poetry search shop. There’s this like old tale of James Joyce the the famous irish author and he’s like supposedly working away in his you know, writer’s room shouting and and you know the person he was with at the time was like downstairs hearing all this and he comes down after like a full day and she’s like oh James like you know. Was today gone and he’s like I wrote None words and she’s like oh my god like that’s that’s really good because she knows how difficult it is for him to kind of produce anything at all and he’s like I don’t know what order to put them in you know and so I think like that like in similar to the metaphor of you know.

James McWalter

Raising a child for a startup founder I think that’s also a bit of a metaphor for trying to figure these things out. Um, but Zack this has been absolutely brilliant before we finish off is there anything I should have asked you about but did not.

Zach Stein

I don’t think so I um, yeah, this has been a lovely chat and you know I think if you are listening to this as a fellow founder in the climate space come check us out for 401 k’s or if you’re an investor in climate you’re None can you have a 4 one k it. Also shouldn’t force you to invest in Fossil Fuels we help you out. We aren you know were work with partners that integrate every payroll provider. We build a series of portfolios offer unlimited education where real people we’re quite helpful frankly and you’re really not going to pay much more than you would otherwise. So tos. It’s a big, no brainer.

James McWalter

I yeah absolutely and I’m not even joking like just because it’s a bug I guess but I’m literally figuring out the 401 k right now and we’ll we’ll well have a chat about this. Thank you Zach.

Zach Stein

Okay, like Jabs thanks so much for having me.

Responsible Venture Capital – E72

Great to chat with Zécca J. Lehn, General Partner of Responsibly Ventures, a PreSeed VC Impact Fund, backing remarkable teams in both sustainability and social good! We discussed the process to become an accredited investor, how VC can be aligned with sustainability, the general process for evaluating a company, the difference between venture backable vs venture geared and more! 

https://carbotnic.com/ResponsiblyV

Download Podcast Here: https://plinkhq.com/i/1518148418

Remember, If you want to support the podcast there are two amazing ways!

  1. Subscribe to the Carbotnic patreon  
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Thanks so much! 

James

——

The unedited podcast transcript is below

James McWalter: Hello today. We’re speaking with Zecca Lehn general partner at Responsibly Ventures, welcome to podcast Zecca, brilliant I supposed to start, will you tell us a little bit about Responsibly Ventures.

Zecca Lehn: Thank you So nice to be here. Thank you.

Zecca Lehn: Ah, yes, so the fund responsibly. It’s a preseed vc impact fund align with both direct and indirect impact. I like to have every deal have an aspect of sustainability or social good aligned with the fund.

James McWalter: And what drove that initial decision to start the fund. Okay.

Zecca Lehn: Well, ah you know I’ve been I’ve been ambitious to be a professional investor for some 20 plus years and have invested in sustainability for a long time. And for me this was ah, kind of a natural step after having started as an angel investor or an impact focus angel investor a few years back and so starting a fund just felt like the natural progression I just love every minute of it.

James McWalter: Like absolutely and this was 1 of the kind of amazing like opportunities when you start a fund that is the types of kind of boat on the limited partner side but also the kind of founders side of things. So How you found you know, like building those relationships finding. Like really smart founders to speak to and what’s your kind of general process for that.

Zecca Lehn: Well I’m learning as I go and this is my first time to the rodeo as they put it and being a general partner a solo gp as an emerging fund manager to a first time fund is it’s a learning process. What I did first is I got engaged with the founder institute. They have ah an incredible program called the vc lab and it puts together a group of people around the world and each fund manager or group of fund managers helps build their thesis. 

Zecca Lehn: Ah, sort of pull the market get some feedback from potential customers or potential lps. They put you through this kind of brute force. Incredible! Incredibly difficult program that they kick people out if you just don’t hit certain benchmarks on a weekly basis and it’s I think it started maybe like five percent of us.

Zecca Lehn: Out of a thousand applicants got accepted of those. Let’s say 1 hundred and twenty funds or so I think there were remaining 10 funds after 2 months or 2 or 3 months and it was grueling. It was amazing though it was ah it was a great process. Probably 1 of the most difficult vc Boot camp style programs out there especially aligned with sustainability. Um, that’s kind of their their core their core goal right now.

James McWalter: It’s kind of this fascinating transition that I guess the venture world has gone through over the last kind of Decade or so where you know became very professionalized I guess in the ninety s you had you know the a 16 z’s and benchmark and into coas of the world kind of emerging as like those first kind of major funds. And then we started to see the kind of emergence of smaller mid tier funds especially ones that’re targeting either geographic regions or specific industries and that we’re seeing like this kind of a massive increase I guess in even more kind of micro-targeted funds. Um often driven by you know, solar gps or.

James McWalter: Ah, people who have you know particular perspective I’m thinking of the likes of Jason jacobs and my climate journey. You know, kind of I don’t think he ever had a right exactly he didn’t really have a kind of view when he started the podcast eventually be you know a fund manager but that’s kind of where he ended up and so yeah, it is this kind of fascinating.

Zecca Lehn: Rolling fund.

James McWalter: Period And so yeah I guess you know like when you when you were kind of looking at the space were you kind of like oh this is now changing in a way in a direction that I want to get involved in or I suppose what was that kind of thought process. Sure sure.

Zecca Lehn: Well okay I think it’s important to start like how did I get exposure to vc and sort of a lot of people use the term. How did you break into Vc I I kind of belly-flopped into Vc I I was actually working on in the quantitative finance side as a former data scientist I was working.

James McWalter: Right.

Zecca Lehn: For this proprietary firm that was investing quantitative strategies and I started engaging um with their division on a very very ad hoc basis to to dive into some more technical due diligence around the. Software the data platform etc and realize that venture Capital is quite fascinating and I tried to volunteer myself more for that and understand a little bit more about it and it just so happened that 1 of my colleagues at time gave me a.

James McWalter: And.

Zecca Lehn: Give me a book from Jason calacanis called angel um, and they said just read this book. You’ll love this book and I said oh I don’t know angel investing what that is and they just said you know, check it out readdit I ended up reading the audio book version 3 times and for the most part that that book gave me a great foundation in terms of understanding.

James McWalter: All right.

Zecca Lehn: What venture capital demands and what the landscape looks like and some of the signals that go into um what a founder may want to consider when they go out to raise early stage venture capital and um, it really just opened my eyes and and from that point I actually branched out and became accredited. It took a long time for. Myself and my family to get to that state and um and and just for those listeners that I’m not sure. But um, you know accreditation in the us is usually ah about 2 hundred thousand or 3 hundred thousand depending on your household for the last 2 years that’s the threshold Thecc sets. But then they also have an net asset. Basis of I think it’s a million plus they also have some new requirements which allow for finrabased brokers. Do someone to take the finra license for example and even be an unsponsored participant under finra I can’t remember the series number I’ll we’ll have to get that. But um. Yeah, you can become accredited now whereas for some 60 years the only way to become accredited was to have your corporation ah above five million net worth or your individual household etc. But it’s become more accessible long story long story short that happened just recently a couple months back.

James McWalter: Yeah. Very very exciting. Yeah, and I guess that kind of leveling or that ability for more people to kind of have access to what is you know and not an inconsiderable path to ah like wealth right that a lot of people have kind of taken advantage of because you know they had a high- paying job or them from family Welt and so On. I guess some of those doors have now opened a bit more for kind of a wider group and a more diverse group of people.

Zecca Lehn: Yes, exactly? yeah, it’s a good thing overall for the ecosystem. Ah, 1 thing that I have to say that’s positive about the move from the scc this this finra-based approach is that there’s. Quite a high ethical standard to you know pass these tests and there’s a lot of rigor that goes into financial modeling and all the rest. So the level of sophistication for those who choose to take a path say in the direction of finra are presumably going to not be dummies when they first get started. Whereas if you were to just say lower the bar all at once and say anyone can invest in any financial project. There could be unintended consequences I suppose if I had to just kind of look at it through the scc’s you know, lens for a moment. So I think the step that they’ve taken the. Pretty low barrier 500 dollars. Let’s say in a couple months of studying and you can if you’re really ambitious and you want to become a crowded investor participate in syndicates or funds etc. Um, it’s actually quite a good change in my opinion.

James McWalter: Yeah, this is hard balance because if you completely open to floodgates. You know you you have a ton of access to like really cool companies but you also have a ton of you know, pyramid schemes and all this kind of thing that are hard for I Guess a person who doesn’t have the time for due diligence to really process and I think that’s a lot of.

Zecca Lehn: Gap.

James McWalter: Piece and I’d love to hear you kind of thoughts on how you think about? you know the time or what’s I Guess your general process for evaluating a company.

Zecca Lehn: Oh okay, good question I was also going to give a shout- out to the reg cf side of things. The jobs act that changed made accredit they made access to early-stage deals available on these regulated crowdfunding platforms.

James McWalter: No.

Zecca Lehn: Which has also been a great advancement for the industry to allow retail investors to participate I’m not sure you know how much listeners want to know or know. But that’s also an avenue um, in terms of deals and in terms of way I’ve I’ve looked at my own angel investing over the last 2 3 years actually um, have invested about forty different companies I invested all through syndicates because I was a small angel investor to get started so I used that as an avenue because you can usually check kind of check less than say 5000 what they do is they pool these things together with other investors and you can invest with say 1 hundred and fifty. Plus people and maybe they raise 2 hundred thousand they have ah a fee on the the frontend. The the thing about these deals though. Just like you would get with regcf through a platform is you don’t necessarily have a deep view on diligence that the the manager the the platform gets when they select these deals. So you have to get kind of creative in terms of other deals. You’ve seen what’s in the marketplace you have to look at sort of reading more about the news of the company. You may be able to ask the questions to some of the the syndicate leads etc. But it’s not necessarily as involved as a fund manager would have in terms of looking at. Different deals. So what I chose to do instead to kind of level myself up to become an eventual venture capitalist was to work as a venture scout so working on an a non-exclusive basis with funds around the the us helped me to kind of go out into the marketplace and just.

James McWalter: And.

Zecca Lehn: Be able to talk with any founder that’s raising at any stage and say you know hey I want to learn about your company tell me about you. You know I do the you basically do the vetting and then as a scout the way that that’s going down a rabbit hole here. But. Ah, scout would basically take a percentage of carried interests under contract if there is an eventual exit so long story short that process of discovery from both the diligent side this more technical side but then also just from the the top level screen side. The market side. It’s it. Ever evolving process for myself. What I did is I I started out putting together about 30 different questions that were all very ah, kind of dry and very kind of force functioninges. We’ll say these types of questions there was 1 I would ask myself for almost a year looking at 1000 deals or something I would ask is this a.

James McWalter: Rise.

Zecca Lehn: Vitamin or is this a pain Killer or is this a pain killer with side effects and questions like this. They force your brain to kind of get realistic about what it is. You’re actually seeing like okay how big is this market. Um and write up a bit little bit about that. What’s what’s the defensibility of this actual strategy.

James McWalter: And.

Zecca Lehn: What are some attributes of the other startups out there and those types of types of questions help put yourself into a mindset where you become a little bit more skeptical about each situation to some degree and that’s a good thing in my opinion.

James McWalter: Absolutely and I I think going into depth is actually like super beneficial. You know to people you know we’re hoping to reach through the podcast and I say that because you know so many. There’s not that many like vcs in the world or Angel investors even in the world right? Like we’re talking you know hundreds of thousands of people. You know in a population of billions. And I feel like because it’s such a small group. You know there are like any small group ways of talking things that people in the group like just guess wears people outside the group. You know what was it.

Zecca Lehn: Yeah, it’s opaque.

James McWalter: It’s opaque and they’ll say the kind of embarrassing thing. It’s like going to you know the showing up at the party and everyone’s in you know suit and tie and you show up in ah or short or shorts or whatever maybe um, and so these kind of tradeoffs I Guess are this kind of lack of access to just.

Zecca Lehn: Patagonia vest.

Zecca Lehn: Yeah, it you can yeah it it can be. It can also be ah, a can. It can be a really good way into the space I wouldn’t disagree with you there. But I think.

James McWalter: Basic knowledge of how things work I think holds out way more people than we want because you know there’s a ton of smart people out there who would be amazing Vc scouts and I think that’s a great like route into this space and people are interested.

Zecca Lehn: Um, also just being working in a startup and understanding sort of like the operational side of a startup is also a tremendous way. There are so many ways that you can get exposure.. There’s not I think there’s it’s very unique to every person in my opinion I think it’s important to be open. And be accepting Obviously I get I Love going on podcasts and telling a little bit sharing knowledge I host host rooms on clubhouse all the time and try to be as candid about things as possible. But I think Also it’s important to recognize that everyone’s going to get a different experience on their way to where they want to go I don’t know that’s probably. Just my opinion I guess I think it’s also important what you said though too to be opaque less opaque if possible and and to be candid about some of the realities of of being a venture capital.

James McWalter: And absolutely and honestly like more you know people who’ve worked at startup who’ve been operators would in funds I think is generally in net benefit. You know there’s often I guess like this detachment between you know the founder trying to talk to. Ah, you know a vc especially like ah, an associate or junior associate who maybe you know is like 2 years out of their nba and so on right exactly and so I think I think again just having more ways of shared language shared experience I think is in general like this kind of net benefit.

Zecca Lehn: Someone that’s trying to impress the founder.

Zecca Lehn: Yeah, and back to your point I would say being a scout what that does do is it puts you into the mindset of what you don’t know very quickly and I think maybe junior vcs may sometimes get themselves into trouble where they. Want to sound smart. They want to impress people around them and they just don’t necessarily go in with that mindset of not knowing I have to say 1 thing I don’t think that that’s something you’ll get necessarily by being someone who’s scaled a company per se I think. Being inquisitive and being open-minded and being there to help on whatever regards it happens is a really useful mechanism or you know sort of strategy I think it’s a really great way to go and when I first got started as a scout at a particular I got a lot of pushback because I would go into meetings with. Founders who are you know? third-time founders telling me about what they’re working on and immediately asking about my background you know feeling that they’re a little bit defensive and um, that’s okay, actually it’s good because it put me into that state where I was having to be way more open to what I didn’t know and i. Consciously speaking I never put myself out into that position where I tried to pretend like I had advice to give and 1 thing about advice in general is in my experience is that it’s it’s easy to think that we’re. You know, adding value when we know something and that’s an immediate win to kind of suggestions but it’s it’s a lot harder and probably better to resist that urge to kind of like kind of put everything into a forcing function and give that quick advice etc and but rather to just ah set a point to. Statistics or point to broad ideas pointing people sort of in 1 direction versus the other without saying this is the direction you should take that aspect is something I had to learn myself and it’s been. Ah, it’s been a great tool and I still try to continue in that fashion just to. Just to be as supportive as I can and not go in with the assumption that what I’m going to say is should be steering someone towards something.

James McWalter: Right? I mean the hardest lessons are always aren’t true practice. Anyways, right? and so you know I think when I’ve managed teams and you know like ah that tookled me a while to be. You know, be somewhat of a a better manager to when you start off with but 1 of the things that I guess I’ve been learned. Managing different teams over the years is that sometimes I’d have like a direct you know Junior come and say okay I want to do this thing. Um, we we agree on the outcome that we’re looking for and they’re like I want to do it this way and as long as it’s you know it’s a week long experiment to kind of get there I would always be like yeah, go for it even if in the kind of back of my head I’m like hey i.

Zecca Lehn: That’s cool.

James McWalter: Pretty doubtful that this will work. But you know why not like like try it out and what’s amazing I think by giving that freedom if I just said like this is not going to work. They never learnt the underlying reasons why it didn’t work. They just had James given out and and and given an opinion and like it’s it’s disabling in some ways whereas if you give them the opportunity to grow.

Zecca Lehn: I Say either.

James McWalter: Like then the next time they’ll actually start to form the kind of thought patterns for why that first idea maybe didn’t work and like why the next idea has to be a little bit different.

Zecca Lehn: Right? That’s really wonderful. Yeah  I think that um I haven’t found that level of confidence in the founders because  I just try really again I just try to show as much support as I can and create ah but the only value I. Say that it can be generated just by being more open-minded toward the founders and is just creating a safe space where they don’t feel like they’re being judged and where they can just talk openly and freely and they know that your reputation is aligned with their outcome in a way that you know you’re not there to Judge. You’re not there to. Tell them what to do? You’re not there to give them. You know, quick advice etc. I’ve found generally speaking that the founders loved that. They’d love them when they can just kind of have a conversation disarm conversation. Of course sometimes you get some red flags when you create an environment like that so you could somehow use that in some sense. But. For the most part I just I just try to keep it all confidential and all very like very very cleanly focused sort of thing.

James McWalter: And in terms like the specific criteria that you use to kind of evaluate like ah like an opportunity at a particular company today with it with the current fund. You know what’s the kind of framework that you use to see you know as I’m sure you mentioned you’re seeing tons of potential companies to fund. Um. Why pick 1 versus the other What’s the framework you bring to bear.

Zecca Lehn: Well I wish I could say it’s always ah a very you know, like a perfectly aligned system that I have you know, clean, outcome. Ah, but I actually have to say that I think 1 of the things that is less discussed as ah as a professional investor. Is that we’re dealing and ah with Uncertainty. We’re dealing with probability pretty much in everything we look at Um, so what I think my job isn’t to necessarily nail down kind of what exactly is a process to get to this exact outcome. Is is more so how do I debias myself? How do I how do I look at um, ways that I may be getting in the way of finding value and generating value etc and that that goes not only to this the investment selection process but to the way I allocate my time the way I engage with of lps and things like that. There’s an element of of confidence and subjectiveness that goes into decision making that I think is kind of why there are even our vcs or or and professional investors. Um, we need to deal with limited information or. Bars information or confidential information every single day you know that I get ten twenty conflicts of interest and I need to know how to you know, navigate that in an ethical manner. Um, it’s not easy you you kind of have to lead forward with just being ethical first and to be there. Ah, as sort of as open as possible but you you can’t share. Yeah frank this is the funny funny part about this experience. You cannot be fully open about things because it will it will materially damage other parties you other founders. It’s their other people’s futures are at Stake and. You know, obviously um, we need to be selective ahead of time. We don’t want to like create scenarios where we get information and use it and that wouldn’t be ah my reputation would would be destroyed quickly if I operated that way. Um, you know so I think it’s just a matter of some ways. Um. But again more specifically your investment process. I mean we can talk about impact and those other things but generally speaking. It’s very situational. It’s very very unique.

James McWalter: Yeah, it’s interesting I mean it’s actually there’s a lot of these kind of overlaps with entrepreneurship or founding in general like 1 of my favorite definitions of what an entrepreneur is is somebody who like makes the opaque transparent because to start any business you’re like um, you know like is this going to work right.

Zecca Lehn: I Like that.

James McWalter: You know and and the bigger the potential outcome the more uncertain you are at the beginning right? and again that like goes into the world of vc-backed versus something more like a lifestyle business where you know you can kind? yeah.

Zecca Lehn: Wow. Well, we could talk about that. It’s maybe too contentious but I’ll go there if you want to I’m just yeah I think you pretty much summarized it I mean really? Well, I Love do you know? who said that quote about the opaque to the transparent is that your idea I like that.

James McWalter: Please please have to absolute comfort.

James McWalter: Know it was actually there’s a podcast I listen to because I definitely listened to a lot of what’s coming from the lifestyle entrepreneurship side of things but a podcast called the tropical and Mba and it’s a pretty interesting name and but these are guys who built you know a.

Zecca Lehn: I see Yeah, ah yeah.

James McWalter: Distributed team business. It was a physical product based in the us it’s valley podiums or something like that back in like 2000 four and then they sold it like 5 years ago or something um, but they but they basically are I think there are like a thousand podcasts and they talk a lot about you know the kind of.

Zecca Lehn: Awesome! Oh my gosh.

James McWalter: Bootstrap or mentality the kind of li lifestyle entrepreneur mentality. Um, how wealth is 1 prism to like look through success but also freedom and time and location or these other prisms and I actually do think I put a lot of people in the kind of vc backed startup space like onto them because I think they definitely inform. Um.

Zecca Lehn: Yeah.

James McWalter: You know the tradeoffs you make right? because very few startups even with the best will in the world become billion dollar companies and if you end up spending 8 years and you have very little to show for it and you know the relationships in your lives are damaged and all these things was that kind of worth the tradeoff and I guess it’s it’s. Bringing those to bear as you kind of think through what you really value? Yeah, go for it.

Zecca Lehn: I’m I’m getting into your head James watch out be careful I’m going to brainwash you I’m just joking I like your mindset. Um I have to say there were a lot of things there that I would like to try to address and I don’t know if I’m right about everything but I have slightly slightly different take on some things.

James McWalter: Enters.

Zecca Lehn: Um, ah I think 1 thing is this billion dollar aspect if you we just wanted to accentuate that for 1 moment. Yes, we we know that there’s a power law in in venture backed companies and that probably is true in all forms of. Companies in general, you’re just going to see failure rates higher higher at certain time slots, etc. Um point is is that ah the question is I think the question is why do we look at those things. It’s it’s important to recognize it’s it’s a cultural thing but it’s also a um. It’s also a little bit ah Structural. So ah, the aspect of returning the fund this idea of returning the fund and when a company does run and hits these great targets and they hit break out velocity and they they you know Peter thiel’s idea of kind of becoming the monopolistic player for some time. On their way to the public market. Obviously that’s ideal because there’s less friction etc. The the blitzscaling idea in general I think has an alignment toward venture capital especially this silicon valley version of venture capital in my opinion. Um. However, having said that um I have been exploring over the last couple few years, especially on Twitter this idea of I call it. The green unicorns. So um, it’s a little bit of um, a little bit of ah a play on like ah the binary you know dialogue.

James McWalter: And.

Zecca Lehn: Um, I do know that we have different forms of patient capital or like you said Lifestyle style businesses or even smbs and things like that I think that there’s a little bit more nuance to this to this aspect of venture capital and the unicorn story. So the 1 that I’ve been exploring and given that we’re a preseed fund. We can have this in our dialogue more often earlier the stage fund the lower the valuations now all all that really just means is that we can have similar types of returns assuming all lsql. You know, failure rates, etc. At a smaller exit but still get a tremendous multiple so we can still have like ah just it’s maybe a moot point but we can have a great portfolio return Even if the company exits let’s say it like a 200 million on average or or actually 1 fifty million on average because I think the the average us company.

James McWalter: Or.

Zecca Lehn: That is venture backed exits I think 2 hundred thousand or 200 million average I think that’s the average. So imagine just lowering that average for earlier fund. But then it’s you know, not to get too deep in the weeds. But basically it just your failure rates. Go up the closer you go.

James McWalter: And right? okay.

Zecca Lehn: To accelerate around so to speak Anyway, Long story short is that another thing about this idea of venture backable I don’t like it too much I like I think about this a lot and I use the term venture geared very intentionally because it puts so in the impact space. Um I see this a lot.

James McWalter: Yeah.

Zecca Lehn: Where certain founders have a mission that is very societally focused or mission focusedcused or environmentally economic impact focused and um, oftentimes the narrative surrounding Venture Capital is 1 where. Is my experience 1 where you know it’s like okay we don’t want to be a unicorn and we don’t want to go into grind mode where there’s nothing else, but you know month over month return and or else we just we just Fail. We want our mission to be accomplished for example and I say that’s great I Want to support that. Um, but what I do do as I focus on this venture geared aspect which to me just means that you understand a little bit about some of the tradeoffs that go into taking higher risk capital and some of the constraints of who your next competitor is going to look like and if that’s a non-impact focus company then you. You You know for me I Personally want to look for companies that have a defensible impact that drives additional revenue Potential. So I call it an impact Moat for yeah.

James McWalter: Yeah, no that that makes a to sense I mean I think on the impact piece specifically the best impact companies that I’m sure you’re seeing and and definitely I’ve seen are ones where the impact itself is contained within the business model where the every excess dollar or every.

Zecca Lehn: Um, right? Yeah, that’s it.

James McWalter: You know the growth itself like generates increased impact rather than it’s you know we’re doing this other thing and like this impact on the side or we if we don’t make money we actually have greater impact. You know the alignment has to be there and it’s quite difficult right? because a lot of things don’t align with the impact.

Zecca Lehn: Yeah, it is difficult I agree I agree and maybe that’s a event a lifestyle business and lifestyle impact business would be 1 perhaps where the company you know takes some of it. It’s like say it 1 that is. Over-indexing on all the external factors first. Okay, so just to paint a clearer picture I usually refer to impact first versus finance first or what I like to call it vc impact which is slightly modified. But. A finance first impact company is 1 where it’s aligned or geared toward venture in my mind and that just means that they understand that we’re presumably looking for a more aggressive growth pattern and that means also in my opinion. That external aspects that all positively impact positive impact focus. Let’s say you know community outreach or having um very deep layers of stakeholders that are intentional and conscious and good. But they don’t drive again back to driving value to the the the revenue you know revenue-based value. They may not be appropriately timed so those things would be you know less so inclined toward venture capital in my opinion only because. Because they’re delaying. They’re delaying growth for something that is intentional now and and good and costly let’s say something like that. Um those businesses tend to I think what you’d call maybe more lifestyle businesses perhaps and or lifestyle businesses. Also this is maybe a little tune and out nuance. But. Lifestyle businesses also tend to have more competitors and they tend to be more friction based they tend to be um, you know, lower total addressable market or even sizable markets things like that and and I think like a good example would be say like ah. You know, um, a restaurant chain. That’s a franchise you know in Southern california doesn’t really line up with venture capital the way it’s currently Structured. It doesn’t mean that it can’t it’s just that it’s not geared currently toward I guess hopefully that’s a useful example.

James McWalter: Yeah, no absolutely and and and I guess there’s these even kind of in between types of companies that have been emergent where there are these new types of financing around kind of revenue share and so on where there’s so potentially like a software ah a business that could scale.

Zecca Lehn: Yeah, exactly.

James McWalter: Um, potentially but um, you know, maybe some of the reasoning that you mentioned whereas farmers ah founders not even farmers but founders might be interested in scaling at a different speed. You know they might again might have like different criteria that they’re looking for things like revenue shared based funding are these kind of interesting new directions.

30:00.97 Zecca Lehn: Yeah, Blend blended finance. For example, as as well it really and jed emerson is 1 of the pioneers here and and I think it’s wonderful to see that those avenues for founders to have more tools to be able to scale their businesses the way they.

James McWalter: Yeah, yeah.

Zecca Lehn: Intend to that’s also I’m I’m a big supporter of this myself.

James McWalter: And you kind of mentioned. We’ve obviously been talking about impact I Guess how do you evaluate impact you know, are their Predictive Frameworks I think I saw the U n sustainable development goals as mentioned on your website.

Zecca Lehn: Yeah frame I don’t use the word Frameworks and I use the sustainable development goal Sdg is the seventeen s stgs as a proxy for ah like a goal set because they are goals for 1 I use multiple per deal. So What I do is I say okay. Is this a diverse team working in water impact and are they focused on um, some other social impact aspect. Um, you know, clean water. There’s a health overlap etc. That’s a top level screen for me like ah, kind of the the stakes are you know, have the a nexus opportunity set. Ah, sustainability focused in in its in its broadest sense. Um, That’s what I use initially and then I look I go down into looking at every individual deal and I say okay, ah you know what is the um Like. What does the team look what does the team look like are they focused on impact is there is this their objective. Usually that’s the case most of the deals we see are just like this and then I I just go in and looking you know what are what are the metrics look like um yeah I’m I’m not partial to putting. Constraints on founders and saying you know you have to have this clause at the other you need to go after this particular set of Capital etc. All I’m concerned about is whether or not this company has a scalability component and again like you said the the objective is to have. Impact that scales with the revenue. So you know take for example, um, Tesla you know the bigger Tesla gets presumably if they operate in a similar pattern. Let’s say they’re presumably going to create more positive impact I mean that may be too simplistic, but that’s that’s.

James McWalter: And not so and you know I had a couple other interviews today that that are coming out around the same time and 1 of the really nice things about other kind of founders I’m was talking to today are that they share that kind of tesla piece if they get big if more people use you know their seaweed-based plastic.

Zecca Lehn: More or less the idea.

Zecca Lehn: Yeah.

James McWalter: Um, we have less actual plastic out there in the world and it’s just like completely tied to the actual um you know amount of impact like you know the more skews that are that are sold like the better kind of thing.

Zecca Lehn: Yeah, it. Yeah, it’s it’s important to to see that but it’s also important I’ll say and where my where my expertise does come in is I’ve worked in the negative externality space for a long time ah in and in impact with within large renewable energy projects. And intermodal logistics and things like this I I think personally that it’s ah, there’s always going to be ah, there’s always going to be an externality and there’s always going to be a risk reward aspect to impact so I like to ask founders before I get started because I generally don’t know as much as they do. I so I ask openly can you list say 5 or 10 potential positive impacts and potential negative impacts and then you know then I go and I kind of reverse that do I look at well how could this negatively impact the revenue stream or how could this you know potentially be a ah. An impact factor. Not worth taking a risk on For example I could throw out some obvious ones like ah, a business model that has a very obvious positive impact. But then a very obvious negative impact or non-obvious impact negative impact such as you know something like. Crypto you know the mining aspect of layer 1 solutions being what’s currently used or what’s being planned to use I mean I’m just using that hypothetical I don’t mean to pick on Krypton per se but there there are a lot of nuances to it for sure. It ah takes time.

James McWalter: Yeah, absolutely, and just because you mentioned crypto. Um, 1 thing I don’t think I’ve done this on the pack before but I’d love to kind of throw out a couple of different you know sectors or that are out there and you know what you see as the opportunities for either existing startups or future startups in the space there we go.

Zecca Lehn: Sure I love it that.

Zecca Lehn: Oh you get to test me 5 years from now when we do this interview. Yeah, you’re wrong.

James McWalter: Yeah, yeah, um, so I guess first um, you know Regenerative ag is obviously this area where we could have potential you know change farming so that we have more carbon sequestration. Um, there’s some carbon credit marketplaces the norrris and in the goes of the world kind of moving into that space. There’s a lot of measurement technology being developed. What are your views on can region ag and the opportunities there?

Zecca Lehn: I’d like to understand more about it. We have a roundtable this Friday on sustainable agriculture and I plan to bring in so and I I would love for you to be there james um on clubhouse we do we weekly shows 3 thirty Pm Pacific time fridays we have these roundtables with vcs founders and other thought leaders like yourself.

James McWalter: Ah, great.

Zecca Lehn: Um, that get together and we just kind of go through this process and regenerative ag I think is 1 of these emerging areas which is really exciting I have I’m aware of a lot of companies work in this space I think there’s a lot of room for potential opportunities I don’t know all of them yet. So I’m still trying to kind of explore and if sustainability sustainable egg and or regenerative egg combined somehow and there’s going to be some nexus opportunities presumably within biodiversity banking or water mitigate mitigation or you know, clean streams or yeah. Other types of auxiliary ecosystem credits that I imagine could tie in well to these these subsidy models or these credit-based models that are voluntary, etc, Etc. I think we have a lot of opportunity there I just don’t I don’t know whether or not I see them as being quite yet ready to scale in certain markets I think maybe. Um, I mean I don’t like to give a times stamp because 1 never knows. But I think that there’s a lot of opportunities for the carbon, the biodiversity, the water quality aspects that we’re just going to continue to see a lot more fire mitigation all these aspects and I think that doesn’t necessarily tie right into sustain ah regenerative ag as you mentioned it. But I think you’re going to see opportunities that have overlaps machine that in my opinion.

James McWalter: Yeah I mean I think like because ah, anything that has kind of a land-based solution for climate I Think what we’re starting to see is more of an ecosystems-based approach right? which do take into account these things I Mean. Agriculture is very linked to things like migrant Labor. You already mentioned water. There are all these other elements and you know when I’ve talked to like large yeah large the biggest Ag companies in the world. Mike Brian Mccargill and and and then companies like this you know they’re They’re not always. Ah historically the best for the planet.

Zecca Lehn: Things.

James McWalter: Um, but it’s interesting talking to some of those companies they are now taking more of a kind of comprehensive view at least some parts of those companies about the approach and there are teams dedicated to figuring out the waterside of some of their you know products and then the kind of solutions. So.

Zecca Lehn: Yeah, and I also appreciate you bringing in the migratory labor and or just the labor component because I actually think that that’s a much-overlooked aspect of this regenerative agg discussions I Really appreciate you bringing that in.

James McWalter: Um I was pivot to a different kind of sector. Um, you know 1 view. That’s all griffiths talks a lot about in Electrify America’s like we need to electrify everything. Um, you know,? let’s let’s say wood the home as as an initial stop No more gas you know gas gas cooking everything needs to be. You know heat pumps rather than driven by Fossil Fuels and so on and what do you think about the opportunities within the kind of electrify the home electrify society type type thing.

Zecca Lehn: Yeah, it’s certainly interesting I don’t know a whole lot about it I haven’t read the article. Um I think 1 thing is just gri you know grid stability always an issue things like just personal risks associated with having things overly electrified could be. You know, depending on where you live in the world I think it probably depends I would I would just I don’t want to dip into the policy discussion because I’ll probably get everything wrong, but um, in terms of opportunities I imagine you were going to see a lot of that, especially you know voluntary markets that link payments to to that. Um, I actually am still even even though they’ll counter to a lot of discussions around offsets and things I’m I’m still very bullish on the future of of offsets. Personally I think we’re going to go through multiple iterations of of what more appropriate responsible offset mechanisms and and sort of. Markets look like there’s a really great book called good derivatives which I’d highly recommend you to read or anyone to read just it goes through the original voluntary markets and the regulatory markets in europe on the carbon side and again I won’t get political here but definitely worth considering just because a lot of those things will.

James McWalter: So.

Zecca Lehn: More than likely tie in both on the consumer side but also on the on the commercial side.

James McWalter: Yeah I mean it’s interesting so offsets and derivatives This is actually where a lot of my thinking has gone on the offsets markets I think in ah in general the there’s probably a not and a lot of people disagree across climate and these are dirty words I’m about to say but.

Zecca Lehn: Dot O interesting.

James McWalter: Feel like just not enough speculation I guess on the value of a given asset and so the the you know what are markets good for right? like ah 1 of the main things they’re good for is some sort of price discovery really right.

Zecca Lehn: Finding a price.

James McWalter: And so at the moment we have a ton of very very important companies who I think are doing a great thing. You know vertically integrated companies likehammer and Ori and and these kind of companies whoever you know who are deriving acred using some sort of measurement technology or using Outsource measurement technology.

Zecca Lehn: So yeah.

James McWalter: And selling that credit to a fortune five hundred company to offset some amount of you know of credits and where I guess the breakages happen right now is that once the offset is sold. Um, the price of that offset is kind of locked in but that offset might be 3 times more valuable or.

Zecca Lehn: Hey I was aware that.

James McWalter: Ah, third more valuable and if that value is like not captured or not traded the landowner who’s the person literally responsible for keeping the forest there not burning down or like doing the farming practices is not really getting ah rewarded and so this is like a wild idea that I’ve talked a few people about and decided not to go down that direction myself. But.

Zecca Lehn: Fifth.

Zecca Lehn: You’re pitching me right now like yeah I like it I Just endorsed you come on. Now you have to make me an advisor I Thought you’re good.

James McWalter: Umm of a not quite ah but if anybody’s listening to this and wants to do this I would happily riff on this because I think this needs to be in the world but some there you go absolutely but something a lot like like like a an exchange ah rather than a marketplace but an actual exchange right? where you can.

Zecca Lehn: Ah, yeah I like that.

James McWalter: Trade things and if you do take something like a blockchain as ah as your kind of underlying technology. You could link the traded value back to the landowner. So let’s say yeah they ask if it’s traded. It’s changing hands. It’s you know it’s 2 dollars and that’s twelve dollars and it’s Eighteen dollars if you link that back to the original landowner give the landowner seventy percent of the final traded price. That they’re always getting a fair share of the captured value from the trade.

Zecca Lehn: Now I would suggest you know you giving away your ideas for free is wonderful. But I would suggest you maybe edit this part out because you know it’s just amazing like you probably have a whole business here right now.

James McWalter: Yeah, and um, honestly I hope someone does that I think but yeah, but so as I’m happy to kind of throw out those ideas and I never feel where have people stealing things. It’s a good fun space. But yeah look I’ve seemed fascinating and you know I suppose before we kind of finish up.

Zecca Lehn: I Love it.

James McWalter: You know you have this podcast. Um, what have you learned most from like hosting your own podcasts in space.

Zecca Lehn: Well I I could say that I’ve learned how to listen better. But I’m not sure if that’s true I’m just joking. It’s um yeah I’m constantly just trying to just be a better listener because like what you just showed me as you showed me that you have this.

James McWalter: And ours.

Zecca Lehn: You know, the incredible idea this invention this um this passion and if I’m if I’m too busy hearing my own self speak I’m probably you know not giving others the opportunity to really explore and again that’s out of full appreciation having me here. It’s ah it’s been wonderful. Um, I’d say for anyone who is I I always like to encourage people to do more podcasts I don’t think they’re enough Frankly I I think it’s always great to just get started and try something experiment and as you know you’ve probably learned a lot of things along the way I imagine.

James McWalter: Yeah, absolutely honestly I originally started the podcast just to they’re just selfishly learning and you know I still am very very anxious those first five guests who just take a punt on some random guy reaching out to them on Linkedin or twitterter.

Zecca Lehn: Um, yeah, it’s fine. So cool. So good.

James McWalter: Um, but now like we’re up in you know we’re up in the seventh I think this is might be the seventieth coming out or something along those lines and is a lot of work. But I guess the um and then just gabby who’s is my producer I you know she does not ninety ninety-nine percent of the work of I just talk but I guess like.

Zecca Lehn: That’s a lot of work. Amazing. So great.

Zecca Lehn: The wonderful. That’s nice.

James McWalter: You learn something different from every guest but you also start to see the patterns and I think it’s this remarkable thing where you know where we’re more. We’re more similar than we are different. The differences are still important. But I guess when I think about what we need like the types of people we need to be working on problems. Um I get more and more excited I guess doing the podcast every time about like.

Zecca Lehn: Yeah, you.

Zecca Lehn: So still good. Yeah I think you and I are very similar in this regard I like to be fully inclusive in terms of.

James McWalter: And anybody could be involved right? and there’s a role for everybody in these kind of like global scale problems right.

Zecca Lehn: Making people feel welcome and listen to and just highlight it. It’s I mean everyone deserves that it sounds like you have a similar mindset.

James McWalter: Absolutely well Zaka This has been brilliant I Guess before we finish off is there anything I should have asked you about but did not.

Zecca Lehn: Thank you? Um gosh um, well okay, here’s my chance for an ask I think I would love to get new lps into our fund. We’re raising right now under 5 ah 6 c designation so public solicitation. Just.

James McWalter: Please.

Zecca Lehn: Any lps that care about doing good and want to participate in Venture capital, I always enjoy those discussions. Ah I appreciate you letting me do that and I appreciate you having me today. James has been tremendous. Wonderful.

James McWalter: I Thank you very much Zecca I’m very really excited to see all the companies before the company is coming out of responsibly.

Zecca Lehn: Thank you

The State of Cleantech Investment -E51

Absolute pleasure to discuss the state of cleantech VC with Monica Varman of G2 Venture Partners. We dove deep into late stage cleantech investment, how covid affected the investment landscape for supply chains and food startups particularly, the agtech technologies she is most excited by, how her experiences at Tesla and McKinsey influences her approach to investing and much more! 

Download Podcast Here: https://plinkhq.com/i/1518148418