Liquid Air Energy Storage – E122

Great to chat with Justin Scholz Ceo and founder of Phelas, Phelas develops the solution for the energy transition: A modular, mass-produced and cost-effective and safe electricity storage system for utilities, grid operators, industry, renewable energy developer & operators! We discussed liquid air energy storage, energy efficiency, supply chain disruptions, grid interconnection and more!

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James

The unedited podcast transcript is below

James McWalter

Hello today we’re speaking with Justin Scholz Ceo and founder of Phelas welcome to the podcast Justin.

Justin Scholz 

Thank you very much for inviting me. It’s a pleasure.

James McWalter

Great to start with. Could you tell us a little bit about Phelas.

Justin Scholz 

So Phelas is an energy storage company and we are very vision-drive so we started actually with a simple vision. We want to make one hundred percent renewable energy globally and nobrainer and we saw that energy storage is the missing puzzle piece so we are developing both. Software but mainly hardware um a new approach to liquid air energy storage.

James McWalter

And and what drove the initial decision to start Phelas you know, could you walk me through the yeah, the different steps that ended up saying we’re going to start this company. We’re going to solve this problem. Okay.

Justin Scholz 

It it. It was an interesting journey and with a lot of uncertainty in the beginning and still of course I mean in the startup you’re always uncertain about many things. Um I have founded my first company during University Um Education which took away the fear of funding. Of founding and in Germany that is quite widespread people are like oh you’re so bold. You’re so brave. You’re founding a company. Um and that is different depending on the in different like countries so that took away the fear of founding and then after my studies and traveling and working in 2 other startups I was both frustrated with.

Justin Scholz 

Management usually and I was proof reading the master thesis of one of my long-term friends who started energy engineering and he did a master thesis on the technoeconomic analysis of how like how economic are energy storage in Spain that was in 2018 if you account for degradation in batteries and his consensus back then was well. It’s not profitable but we will need a lot of energy storage and we don’t even know technologies that can cover these large amounts and then we started looking into what kind of technical solutions. There could be and what kind of properties they would need. And then we started diving into that deeper and then we based on that we we went ahead and um, started assembling a team and identified liquid air energy storage as a technology that. We we could meaningfully contribute I really think that if if you start something it should be clear how you do something fundamentally different than it has been done before because otherwise do people who have been doing it. Longer are usually better at it so you need to do something very different and we then. Applied for some funding in Germany there’s some some startup incubation programs. You could say we didn’t get in back then but then at some point later we did actually get some initial traction and angel investor money and then we we pretty early on then knew let’s pursue this and see and.

Justin Scholz 

Yeah, we got to where we are now.

James McWalter

And why is energy storage. Um, absolutely why is energy storage important that.

Justin Scholz 

So the the international energy agency in 2020 already announced that renewable energy is the cheapest source of electricity in human history. So. It’s not the cost of renewable energy that is the problem. The problem is rather the intermittency because it cannot switch on the sun like. Can do whatever you want. It’s just going to be dark outside in the night but you still want electricity and it’s similar with wind and the problem really is how can we shift from the time when the sun is shining and the wind is blowing to the time when it’s not and do that most economically sustainably and and also scalably on a global level. And that is why large scale energy storage is so important because it solves this this big problem because it all of a sudden gets us to the status quo where you don’t think about can I switch on my lights can I have my fridge run Twenty four seven yes of course you can and. Maintaining that requires being able to shift from times of generation to times of demand. So from day to night or from wind to no end.

James McWalter

And so there’s a lot of different types of technology um being either in the lab or being deployed at scale around energy storage. Could you walk me through the pros and cons of of those different technologies and why you know how that influenced your approach right.

Justin Scholz 

When we when we started looking at different technologies but also a lot into like the the elephant in the room is always lithium. Um it. It has grown tremendously. It has decreased in cost incredibly but 1 of the big downsides. There is um, that. Like the material resource question of if and when we get enough lithium also nickel and cobalt being in short supply that is the 1 aspect that is always a big question if you want to honestly. Upend or or revolutionize the global energy system because it’s so large you will need a lot of resources whichever technology you choose and then you have the degradation problem where simply by using it. It becomes very quickly a lot worse when we looked at it. We wanted a solution that is sustainable in its core. And easy to scale and uses very easy to scale resources. So our main materials that we use are steel and gravel now steel you can argue might not be the greenness but you can make green steel and it’s. At its core. It’s iron and iron is not in short supply globally so that is something that is inherently scalable and if you think about it in the beginning like when when we looked at most solutions out there. We saw solutions that are targeting large-s scale applications large monoli like building large facilities very often.

Justin Scholz 

And we said actually learning from other technologies like lithium ions. What made them cheap and when you think about it lithium ion batteries got cheap specifically because we build a lot of very small standardized cells. There’s these um 48 um, like there’s these double number pairs of of. 46 10 or something. Um these small cells that look like these double a battery cells that are just produced in the probably billions by now and that makes the technology cheap and we apply the same logic to liquid our energy storage where instead of buying instead of going large we go in large quantity. Because that drives down costs a lot faster. Usually.

James McWalter

Yet so interesting if I think about how solar panel manufacturing was able to leverage the historical you know silicon chip industry and the various industry processes kind of developed for that over the last few decades you know? Yeah as you said like there’s a very similar element for the the mayon. Which piggybacked on the back of basically the mobile phone and you know later other applications like drones and so on um to be able to kind of develop these global supply chains. You know, workflows and all those kind of things and so it sounds like then you are there existing processes or an industry processes that you can kind of leverage your piggyback. Or is it more. You’re starting at this kind of more granular level and going to build it from the ground up right.

Justin Scholz 

That’s and that’s exactly the right way of thinking about it because what? what we can use on a component level is all off the shelf pretty much so we can leverage the existing supply chains on chemical engineering even from the oil and gas industry of compressors expanders heat exchangers. Piping evolves everything like we don’t have to reinvent the wheel we can use these big existing supply chains who are actually looking for new revenue opportunities because there might not be a decrease of all use. But there’s certainly no increase right now there’s not much new investment. So if you want to. Grow and capture new markets. Especially then in the renewable sense that is very interesting to a lot of these suppliers and a lot of times we then get the question. Whatever you use off-the-shelf components where is your innovation and if you think back there you might have heard of processes like the hubbber bosh process or the Linda process these processes. We’re using off-the-shelf components but they were new in the the way they combined the components and that is what we did as well. So we use off-the-shelf components in a new and innovative way. But we can therefore leverage the whole existing industrial base and supply chain on these components to. Not have also issues in in scaling that actually.

James McWalter

Its Super interesting I’d love to and to go through the different elements of the technology then because yeah, I’m pretty familiar with the traditional liium ion and even some of the new battery technologies around iron and so on Um, but. You know, a lot of the have various tradeoffs some are better on Energy. You know efficiency some have higher or lower energy density some have better. You know are more suitable to Intraday life cycles and others for kind of longer stage duration. Um, how I guess those. Liquid Air energy Storage. You know what? what is its kind of perfect use case across those different dimensions and.

Justin Scholz 

It’s it’s very we have as um as as most long duration energy storage technologies those are technologies that focus on a longer duration that usually is considered starting at 6 to 8 hours or more of capacity. Um, because we the. Costs per additional megawatt hours or per additional capacity are way way way lower than the cost per additional power so megawatt and that means then for applications where you have intraday day ahead and also weekwise. Shifting of large amounts of energy rather than very very short peaks of of for example, grid stabilization. It’s it’s really more the perfect use case is really colloccating it with windmills collocating it with so solar pv deployments because they’re. Um, from a commercial point of view these developers and operators they face increasing market pressure because if the wind is blowing on on my windmill. It’s probably also blowing on my neighbor’s windmill. So the market prices are actually depressed. You have very low. Market value of electricity when there’s a lot of renewable generation and being able to then use an energy storage and actually put in a lot of energy and shifting that to a later time is is really the interesting thing when we look at efficiency. So the physical round of efficiency.

Justin Scholz 

That was one of the things we very early on were looking very closely into because we targeted an efficiency of 50 to 60% run-trip and that some people might say that seems low seems low The interesting thing is we found that when you look at the economics when you look at the. The the business case it it is clear that a vastly cheaper system and an ah acceptable efficiency of of roundup efficiency is way better than a super high efficient system at high cost or as I like to say no customer in the energy market will pay me. 4 times more of cost just to have maybe 5 percentage points more of efficiency. But in the chemical industry that is actually not the case in the chemical industry where you have the classic approach to building alicofaction units. They have a different incentive structure and they might actually pay a lot more because for them d d. Profitability calculation is different and that is one of the things you really need if you go into the energy storage space to understand how your customers will actually make money with with your product and that is something that is that. Makes in engineering then interesting because the tradeoffs you do are different than what you classically do in your industry.

James McWalter

Understood and if I think then about let’s say the deployment of a you know battery storage which which has kind of arisen ah particularly in the last couple of years you know so often that’s colocated as you in the similar way to let’s say some solar panels and you often have these. Basically shipping containers with racks of Lithium Ian Batteries um and then and there’s various kind of software controllers that you know, kind of operate on that if you take a typical kind of Lithium Ian you know storage within a shipping container and in terms of the megawatts and megawat hours. Yeah, how does the I guess the energy density compare leaving aside the efficiency you know is the use of liquid air energy storage does that typically take up more kind of space less space for the same amount of energy density. So.

Justin Scholz 

But it would be more. It would be more ah more space simply because electrochemical storages are really energy dense. That’s why you put them in cars because in cars you have both a weight and the volume limitation. Um for station energy storage space.

Justin Scholz 

Makes or is less relevant. It’s still relevant because of the cost of of land but still, it’s not as relevant as in in mobility applications or in phones etc. We are talking about an energy density roughly one third 1 fourthth. Um. On ah on a simple basis. We are also doing a containerized system and um, we also intend to be able to stack them so and that is something that we have not seen done much with lithium simply because it then becomes harder in case of fire hazards.

Justin Scholz 

And other risks so being able to stack the system then reduces effectively the area again that you need or do you can increase the aerial density volumetric wise we are definitely like um one third or one fourth depending on how you count of of lithium.

James McWalter

Honor said and in terms of the process itself. Um, what are the inputs and the outputs right? So minus ending is it’s not pure. Pure Electricity. You also need air as an input and are there any kind of outputs or you know other elements that that kind of come out of the process. So.

Justin Scholz 

The process in itself is the simplest version of the process is as ah as a customer or as someone who wants to deploy the system you need to provide it with the electricity and the air we take from the atmosphere. And at the end of the process you get electricity out again and the outcomes out of the system again. So There’s no byproducts aside from that there’s ah heat as a non-material um byproduct. Um, that is that is being generated. Um the process itself is. We we take in the ambient atmospheric Air. So um, that’s pretty much infinite, free resource for us and we compress that to a high pressure pressure Level. We store a lot of the heat that is being generated to increase efficiency. Our heat storages. We then have our custom air equifaction process and store the liquefied air in something that’s called a cryotank you can think of it as a Thermoscan Um, which is wellinsulated. Um, and then if you want to regenerate the Electricity. You could You can think of it as. Boiling the liquid air Again. So the same way that water Vapor becomes liquid if you cool it down it condenses into liquid water the same happens with air and when you boil the liquid air again. A lot of the pressure increase that is happening there together with the compression Heat. You can then regenerate into electricity electricity with.

Justin Scholz 

Ah, turbine or an expander or something like that with the generator. So.

James McWalter

And I’d love to go and go back then into the you know development of the original prototype or Mvp. So yeah I have a better kind of understanding now the technology it sounds like so really interesting and it it definitely solves some of the issues that we’re seeing with Lithiumyan battery search deployment. So I kind of get that piece. But going from that you know this is like the technology we’re going to hang our hat on to something that is you know a prototype or something that you can demo to potentially users. What was that process like.

Justin Scholz 

So and and in that state we are right now actually last Friday we started operating our our cold section of our first prototype system. It’s ah but as we like to say nowadays. Thank you, it’s as we like to say now it’s ah it’s a room scale system.

James McWalter

So congrats.

Justin Scholz 

Because when I say it’s ah it’s a lab scale system people think of a benchtop but it actually fills a full room of um, like 5 by five meters or something like that. So. It’s it’s a big system and um. Going through the pains of starting from a blank sheet of paper actually around two years ago to designing starting procurement figuring out the exact sizes of building up the supply chain the suppliers and the logistics the integration the assembly um and testing. With a very small team so that was 4 people full-time pretty much for everything in that system and then also the control system being new and the the the whole um approach being new so we have advisors who have who had worked for more than 40 years at Linda in 1 case, um. Being responsible for alic affection systems at Linde. So they know how it’s classically done and it’s actually different so that was quite ah, quite a ride. Um over the last two years also supply chain wise we have some some some close calls there. Um, if I remember of one shipment shipment that was.

Justin Scholz 

Um, it it was a component that we got shipped from China and we actually decided to ship it ah but via train to munich and that was the decision to ship it via train was was done in January this year

Justin Scholz 

And we actually had looked um if the train would go through through Ukraine at at that point it it didn’t but still then we got the notice that it was on the train on February Twenty Eighth now um we were not sure if that train would ever arrive because that train went through Russia, but it did. And then when it arrived the component then in China there were lockdown. So even if it hadn’t arrived. We wouldn’t have been able to get a new component in time. So sometimes like I think you just have to be lucky as well with your supply chain.

James McWalter

It? yeah, it’s the amount of ah supply chain disruptions over the last um two years have been incredible. And yeah, especially if you are trying to go overland um from Asia to to Europe it’s becoming more complex I would say rather than less complex. Um, and outside of that you know. 2 years It’s a lot of things kind of go right? Have to go right? A lot of things I’m sure you know were challenges so anything that was kind of surprising to you going in. You know is there any kind of major aspects either of the technology or the approach or the market that you change your mind on over those kind of 2 years of development.

Justin Scholz 

Um, I Think what? what we increasingly learned is that being able to calculate for our customers how they make money with a system like this and how much and helping them. Um, assessing that is something that we we weren’t aware of how much value that is because we see that so many in the industry in the in the industry from the CustomerS perspective. They know they need energy storage. They want to deploy it. But what is the right size. What is the right Configuration. What is the right technology so we actually help right now. Potential customers. Also we advise them in this case, a Redox flow battery might be a better solution for you because simply because we believe that any storage deployment right? now is is a net positive um and it. Helps people get educated on on how to assess it and it builds up trust in the Industry. So I think that is something that that we learned to more value and um from a supply chain. We see now that um these these suppliers like delays of components. I Didn’t think it would be that bad and that delayed and how much effort a supply chain management is I think that is something that that we have learned now looking looking back of how to improve that in the future.

James McWalter

And you mentioned some of these target customers who who is like an ideal customer for you guys. So.

Justin Scholz 

So ah, we we have we already have a pilot customer who who who’s ah, a wood pilot factory in Germany they produce wood pallets for for heating purposes and they’re an energy intensive industry energy intensive industry in in Europe. Especially as facing incredibly high energy costs and we can help reduce those costs. Um, but the problem there from a startup perspective is that every customer has different needs. So. It’s a very heterogeneous market. The ideal customer also from a scaling point of view is really the renewable energy developer. And the renewable energy operator because at the and once you understand how to put energy storage next to your solar pv field or your wind farm. You can replicate that you can do that in the next project and in the next project and in the next project and that makes it a very scalable case because also you can talk with. You can build trusting relationships with these developers who build project of the project. So those are really the ideal customers and also from the project design if you integrate storage from the very beginning. It takes a lot of risk out of the project of its profitability. Um, and also. Makes it um, easier than to to show the value of the project.

James McWalter

And you’re focusing on Germany that’s where you’re based um and I’m less familiar with the german energy market relative to ah North America and and and Ireland and the Uk as you kind of think through you know, scaling up your go-to-market. How does the. Differing kind of energy markets across countries kind of affect that is the plan to mostly focus on Germany and then potentially expand later or is it something that you’re considering multiple countries from the start. So.

Justin Scholz 

When we started. We had a very unfavorable legal framework in Germany where energy storages were actually taxed twice because you were considered an energy consumer when you charge an energy producer when you discharged and. You cannot really build a business case of 80% of your cost is just overhead of tax and and fees that has gladly changed by now. But um I still see a lot more potential in in Southern Europe and also eastern europe um, and that is still very close. Both geographically speaking but also from and from an ability to to ah execute on these projects. So I I think we focus on the german market um, and on the german speaking market. But ah, we are very closely looking and um also in conversations with.

Justin Scholz 

The European market in general because you see different use cases if if it’s wind in the north If it’s sun and on the Iberian Peninsula there’s There’s great potential there as well.

James McWalter

Yeah, and I guess thinking through the product itself so we talk a lot about kind of hardware aspects. But for the deployment of these you know, kind of any sort of storage ah asset knowing when to discharge and charge um is super important right? because. If you’re playing around with different types of wholesale orelillerary services or rebalancing markets. Um, that becomes like ah like a core element is that you know ability to kind of have software controls is that also something you’re building or you looking at more off-the-shelf tools for that and what’s your kind of general approach to the software piece.

Justin Scholz 

Because we have been building in-house software now for the last two years as well to to assess the business cases for customers. So we run um, usually between 5 to 10000 sometimes more scenarios on a Customers case with historical market data and the the weather data for the location for example and then simulate a storage behavior to understand how much value there is so we have a lot of the building blocks and we really believe that a lot of the value in energy storage is not only in the hardware but also in how you use it. You see that also with Tesla. Releasing the auto bidder software which seems to work quite well and going into the direction of helping our customers use the system more profitably and efficiently providing that software. We have that on ah or on our roadmap. Um, whether it’s going to be available at the very beginning is a different question. Um. But we definitely see a lot of potential and something that we want to in-house incorporate. Um, this critical piece of how to use the storage because then you can also really integrate with the hardware properties if you actually produce both the hardware and the software. And then can actually leverage certain hardware properties that you might have a harder time leveraging if you just use and like an off-the-shelf software. There.

James McWalter

That makes sense and so you know you have this room size ah version that that that’s kind of been developed. What are the kind of aims for the next you know 12 to twenty four months for phalis.

Justin Scholz 

We are now looking forward to scaling up out of the lab. The lab system is in the size of like thirty forty Kilowatt of power and we will scale up now to a megawatt. To like a first commercial scale system that is going to be deployed also in a commercial setting. So um, scaling up the team um with a lot of and new hires on the engineering side then um, doing the scale up design selecting suppliers doing all the and. The engineering work there and achieving a point where we can then in the second half of the twenty four months so in in the year after next year then actually build it. Um is going to be the big steps because we see on on this side. That we want to have the the system deployed in the next two years on a commercial scale and on the commercial side we want to um, gain more customers because we believe that the more customer attraction the more and the firmer. The contracts are the more we can take out. Um. Market risk also from for ourselves but also for our investors because we believe that the the more customers there are. It’s um, always easy then to say well you don’t have to worry if this is a thing that the market wants if you already have customers for it obviously.

James McWalter

I yeah, and and you mentioned investors you know it sounds like you’ve done some pitching you’ve raised some capital. Um I’ve done that myself as well. And first the most recent time I raised some capital. It was kind of surprising to me. Um, what? what people ah wrote the investors. Found interesting about my startup relative to like the narrative that I was going in and so I would like shift my narrative I would shift things you know we would still always be very very core and like you know what we’re trying to achieve but I definitely would take like oh you know I’m not really explaining this part right? or people get very very excited but this part that maybe I had. Kind of underappreciated as you’re kind of going through. You know these kind of investor conversations. Um, what gets people? what’s gets the investors most excited about failis.

Justin Scholz 

What I what I what I’ve found that they most get excited about is a solution that is inherently scalable as we earlier discussed because of mass manufacturing at its core with existing supply chains combined with a new business model. And new flexibility that is really what people find interesting because usually energy storage plays are you’re an oem you sell your system to your customer and then you maybe do some servicing but that’s it that is quite simple but it’s also a bit boring. And we wanted to build sustainability into the core of the company and into the core of the business model and part of sustainability is also to build longer-lasting systems and we early on decided we want to be also financially incentivized to build longer-lasting more sustainable products. And the best way to do that is to profit from it and what we came up with is something we call energy storage as a service and as an intermediate steplicasing because our systems last 20 to 30 years from ah from a component and hardware point of view and our customers might only want them for 5 to 10 and because they are shipping containers and they’re movable and they don’t degrade per use. We can actually ship them to one customer for five or ten years and after that we can ship it to the next customer. So thereby. We get incentivized to actually build a longer-lasting system.

Justin Scholz 

And the barrier to adoption is lowered on the customer side because they don’t have to commit to a large upfront payment and buy the system directly so in that sense both both parties win and you have a new. Idea and interest of of energy storage because you no longer have to bet that at this location in the grid in this configuration you will make money you rather have to bet that somehow there will be demand for energy storage and that is a way easier and less riskier bet.

James McWalter

That That’s so interesting like that ah kind of you know, dynamically moving um storage in that like literally physically moving is such interesting way and I guess does that sometimes kind of help you know, navigate things like interconnection capacity elements on the grid. Because if you also have this ability to literally you know move the shipping at daner maybe to a place that now you know the the grid is very very congested. Um, the value of storage in that particular node on the grid is is lessened over a five-year period and you can shift it so does interconnection kind of play a role there as Well. And.

Justin Scholz 

Interconnection is 1 play if you look at countries like the Netherlands where large parts of the distribution. Grid are totally overwhelmed but also are planned to be built out. It’s exactly one of these areas where you can deploy for a limited amount of time and then shift it. Another aspect is um, the the ability to adjust to a changing market dynamic. We recently talked with an energy developer from chile. Um who we advised and the ability to deploy a system and then five years down the road. I mean I don’t know how the energy market will look like 5 years from now but we enable you then to adjust with higher capacity lower capacity or more or less power and that is something that makes a deployment way easy because you don’t have to do all these bets you just you can deploy and then. See how the market behaves and that is um, a flexibility and ability to adjust um that that you can only really achieve if your system doesn’t have a lot of cost per use. Um and a lot of degradation. Because that is what you usually have to charge a customer for and which we don’t have because the system has so low degradation.

James McWalter

And you mentioned a little bit earlier about the environment from a policy and governmental place was pretty negative on storage and that that’s improved in Germany specifically how else might you know government policy regulations. You know changes in tariffs changes in incentives you know, potentially affect the market because as we’ve seen in the United States the inflation reduction act was passed over the summer that’s had a very very profound effect with a ton of tax credits but based around building you know, clean energy projects in specific places in specific ways. Um, yeah I guess as you kind of look at what’s the outlook from a regulatory or incentives point of view and are there areas that you know governments could improve on. So.

Justin Scholz 

I think it’s it’s region specific if we look on the on the european um landscape there there there is movement in the positive way of energy storage I think it like for the last few years I’ve seen a lot of lobbying and and movement. Hydrogen and I think not enough focus on energy storage because realistically speaking its very hard to have green hydrogen without energy storage because the electroalizers that you need for green hydrogen usually don’t like it. Ah if you expose them to direct solar ah wind feed and because of the intermittency again. So I think there needs to be more awareness of how much and how quickly we need a lot of energy storage but also from an incentive structure I think to to really accelerate the rollout also of new and innovative technologies encouraging existing players um with. Tax incentives and also with with with subsidies to actually take risks with earlyst stage technologies would be really helpful as an as an earlytage startup in a capital intensive industry like. Because anybody who wants to deploy grids scale energy storage will have a lot of capital they need that is some and then ah on the other side someone who’s willing to take that risk reducing that for the other side is is tremendously helpful so incentivizing the the actual.

Justin Scholz 

Building of these experimental sites of of pilots but also of more earlystage commercial systems um is is I think um, good and and needed and it’s already done in parts. Um I’ve increasingly heard for offshore wind an offshore wind when.

Justin Scholz 

Companies are bidding then to get the ability to build it. They need to show Innovative Innovativeness I don’t know if that’s an English word but I think you know what I mean um and encouraging that even further to encourage actually building more storage.

James McWalter

It It is close enough. Good.

Justin Scholz 

Or even enforcing it in some parts where you need it from a grid perspective I think that will be very helpful.

James McWalter

And you also mentioned at the beginning you know you’re as you try to start a startup in Germany the reaction of people. The social reaction is you know surprise or you know you’re so brave and so on. And yeah, I’m from Ireland and you know I’ve upset I think before on the podcast. It probably be. Close to impossible for me to build the startup I’m building in the United States in Ireland just the the kind of cultural structure is so different that you know it’s hard enough to build something and then you have all these other kind of elements that are kind of set against you but I guess one of the things I’m also always looking for is you know, certain places you know. That are outside of yeah traditional silicon valley type startup development often have ah other advantages that are less clear to folks on the outside. So if you were to say what the kind of most positive things are about building you know a startup in Germany and and maybe in you know, Munich specifically. Um, what would those be and.

Justin Scholz 

Quality of life I mean the the quality of life living in Munich is quite high. Um, it’s it’s a very livable city but aside from that as a startup the the deep tech. Environment that we that we have here in munichn that is being increasingly built by especially the t munich but also the l um u and t and general ecosystem in munich it’s a really hardware um and and deep tech focusedcused and environment and. So you’re surrounded by really cool tech and and hardware startups and hardware startups are usually considered as ah, it’s hardware. It’s hard. It’s expensive I don’t it’s not interesting and that combined with with a lot of increasingly investors who understand hardware. Because you’re in this cluster and a supplier network that is local so when I look at the the ability to choose from different suppliers on this um on on the supplier side for integration of components for the integration of piping something industrial like if you. If you want to build something with an industrial base Germany is a great place because we have a great industrial base of manufacturing and know-how and all these small medium-sized companies that are often happy to work with you if you get to the right people and that is something that is very valuable because that.

Justin Scholz 

Takes a lot of the time out and it’s it’s then um, possible to get the right? um contacts advisors but also talent.

James McWalter

Yeah, and I think that’s it’s a great lesson for anybody anywhere around the world listening to this. You know there are always advantages and disadvantages to a specific place when you’re trying to build a company and you know the best startups always sort of figure out how to best leverage those advantages. Um, and you know flip it up. Flip. Things that seem like at its advantage at first into you know the positive that it potentially is um but Justin Scholz  this has been really great really enjoyed chatting before we finish off though is there anything I should have asked you about but did not.

Justin Scholz 

Um, we are I think one of the things that is that is high on my mind. There is what is what is your fundraising story or and or what is your biggest needs and um, there’s there’s 2 points. The one is. We are raising right now a seed round. So if you find interesting what we do, um, please reach out to me as an investor. Um and on the other side if you are interested in working with us if you’re even interested in becoming part of the team. Um, as engineer or also on the sales side on the. Internal side. Um, we will be hiring um a lot of great folks. We have a really great team already. Um, but we will look forward to expanding that next year um with the interesting and really yeah, um, ambitious challenges to to understand. Um. How to scale up the system into a commercial scale because that is that is something that then it becomes even more real going from a lab scale to to ah to a customer scale.

James McWalter

Yeah, and we’ll include those um contact details and so on in the show notes. Thank you so much. Justin Scholz .

Justin Scholz 

Thank you very much.

Title: Liquid Air Energy Storage – E122

Great to chat with Justin Scholz Ceo and founder of Phelas, Phelas develops the solution for the energy transition: A modular, mass-produced and cost-effective and safe electricity storage system for utilities, grid operators, industry, renewable energy developer & operators! We discussed liquid air energy storage, energy efficiency, supply chain disruptions, grid interconnection and more!

https://carbotnic.com/phelas

Download Podcast Here: https://plinkhq.com/i/1518148418

Remember, If you want to support the podcast please rate and review 5 stars on  Apple, Thanks so much! 

James

The unedited podcast transcript is below

James McWalter

Hello today we’re speaking with Justin Scholz Ceo and founder of Phelas welcome to the podcast Justin.

Justin Scholz 

Thank you very much for inviting me. It’s a pleasure.

James McWalter

Great to start with. Could you tell us a little bit about Phelas.

Justin Scholz 

So Phelas is an energy storage company and we are very vision-drive so we started actually with a simple vision. We want to make one hundred percent renewable energy globally and nobrainer and we saw that energy storage is the missing puzzle piece so we are developing both. Software but mainly hardware um a new approach to liquid air energy storage.

James McWalter

And and what drove the initial decision to start Phelas you know, could you walk me through the yeah, the different steps that ended up saying we’re going to start this company. We’re going to solve this problem. Okay.

Justin Scholz 

It it. It was an interesting journey and with a lot of uncertainty in the beginning and still of course I mean in the startup you’re always uncertain about many things. Um I have founded my first company during University Um Education which took away the fear of funding. Of founding and in Germany that is quite widespread people are like oh you’re so bold. You’re so brave. You’re founding a company. Um and that is different depending on the in different like countries so that took away the fear of founding and then after my studies and traveling and working in 2 other startups I was both frustrated with.

Justin Scholz 

Management usually and I was proof reading the master thesis of one of my long-term friends who started energy engineering and he did a master thesis on the technoeconomic analysis of how like how economic are energy storage in Spain that was in 2018 if you account for degradation in batteries and his consensus back then was well. It’s not profitable but we will need a lot of energy storage and we don’t even know technologies that can cover these large amounts and then we started looking into what kind of technical solutions. There could be and what kind of properties they would need. And then we started diving into that deeper and then we based on that we we went ahead and um, started assembling a team and identified liquid air energy storage as a technology that. We we could meaningfully contribute I really think that if if you start something it should be clear how you do something fundamentally different than it has been done before because otherwise do people who have been doing it. Longer are usually better at it so you need to do something very different and we then. Applied for some funding in Germany there’s some some startup incubation programs. You could say we didn’t get in back then but then at some point later we did actually get some initial traction and angel investor money and then we we pretty early on then knew let’s pursue this and see and.

Justin Scholz 

Yeah, we got to where we are now.

James McWalter

And why is energy storage. Um, absolutely why is energy storage important that.

Justin Scholz 

So the the international energy agency in 2020 already announced that renewable energy is the cheapest source of electricity in human history. So. It’s not the cost of renewable energy that is the problem. The problem is rather the intermittency because it cannot switch on the sun like. Can do whatever you want. It’s just going to be dark outside in the night but you still want electricity and it’s similar with wind and the problem really is how can we shift from the time when the sun is shining and the wind is blowing to the time when it’s not and do that most economically sustainably and and also scalably on a global level. And that is why large scale energy storage is so important because it solves this this big problem because it all of a sudden gets us to the status quo where you don’t think about can I switch on my lights can I have my fridge run Twenty four seven yes of course you can and. Maintaining that requires being able to shift from times of generation to times of demand. So from day to night or from wind to no end.

James McWalter

And so there’s a lot of different types of technology um being either in the lab or being deployed at scale around energy storage. Could you walk me through the pros and cons of of those different technologies and why you know how that influenced your approach right.

Justin Scholz 

When we when we started looking at different technologies but also a lot into like the the elephant in the room is always lithium. Um it. It has grown tremendously. It has decreased in cost incredibly but 1 of the big downsides. There is um, that. Like the material resource question of if and when we get enough lithium also nickel and cobalt being in short supply that is the 1 aspect that is always a big question if you want to honestly. Upend or or revolutionize the global energy system because it’s so large you will need a lot of resources whichever technology you choose and then you have the degradation problem where simply by using it. It becomes very quickly a lot worse when we looked at it. We wanted a solution that is sustainable in its core. And easy to scale and uses very easy to scale resources. So our main materials that we use are steel and gravel now steel you can argue might not be the greenness but you can make green steel and it’s. At its core. It’s iron and iron is not in short supply globally so that is something that is inherently scalable and if you think about it in the beginning like when when we looked at most solutions out there. We saw solutions that are targeting large-s scale applications large monoli like building large facilities very often.

Justin Scholz 

And we said actually learning from other technologies like lithium ions. What made them cheap and when you think about it lithium ion batteries got cheap specifically because we build a lot of very small standardized cells. There’s these um 48 um, like there’s these double number pairs of of. 46 10 or something. Um these small cells that look like these double a battery cells that are just produced in the probably billions by now and that makes the technology cheap and we apply the same logic to liquid our energy storage where instead of buying instead of going large we go in large quantity. Because that drives down costs a lot faster. Usually.

James McWalter

Yet so interesting if I think about how solar panel manufacturing was able to leverage the historical you know silicon chip industry and the various industry processes kind of developed for that over the last few decades you know? Yeah as you said like there’s a very similar element for the the mayon. Which piggybacked on the back of basically the mobile phone and you know later other applications like drones and so on um to be able to kind of develop these global supply chains. You know, workflows and all those kind of things and so it sounds like then you are there existing processes or an industry processes that you can kind of leverage your piggyback. Or is it more. You’re starting at this kind of more granular level and going to build it from the ground up right.

Justin Scholz 

That’s and that’s exactly the right way of thinking about it because what? what we can use on a component level is all off the shelf pretty much so we can leverage the existing supply chains on chemical engineering even from the oil and gas industry of compressors expanders heat exchangers. Piping evolves everything like we don’t have to reinvent the wheel we can use these big existing supply chains who are actually looking for new revenue opportunities because there might not be a decrease of all use. But there’s certainly no increase right now there’s not much new investment. So if you want to. Grow and capture new markets. Especially then in the renewable sense that is very interesting to a lot of these suppliers and a lot of times we then get the question. Whatever you use off-the-shelf components where is your innovation and if you think back there you might have heard of processes like the hubbber bosh process or the Linda process these processes. We’re using off-the-shelf components but they were new in the the way they combined the components and that is what we did as well. So we use off-the-shelf components in a new and innovative way. But we can therefore leverage the whole existing industrial base and supply chain on these components to. Not have also issues in in scaling that actually.

James McWalter

Its Super interesting I’d love to and to go through the different elements of the technology then because yeah, I’m pretty familiar with the traditional liium ion and even some of the new battery technologies around iron and so on Um, but. You know, a lot of the have various tradeoffs some are better on Energy. You know efficiency some have higher or lower energy density some have better. You know are more suitable to Intraday life cycles and others for kind of longer stage duration. Um, how I guess those. Liquid Air energy Storage. You know what? what is its kind of perfect use case across those different dimensions and.

Justin Scholz 

It’s it’s very we have as um as as most long duration energy storage technologies those are technologies that focus on a longer duration that usually is considered starting at 6 to 8 hours or more of capacity. Um, because we the. Costs per additional megawatt hours or per additional capacity are way way way lower than the cost per additional power so megawatt and that means then for applications where you have intraday day ahead and also weekwise. Shifting of large amounts of energy rather than very very short peaks of of for example, grid stabilization. It’s it’s really more the perfect use case is really colloccating it with windmills collocating it with so solar pv deployments because they’re. Um, from a commercial point of view these developers and operators they face increasing market pressure because if the wind is blowing on on my windmill. It’s probably also blowing on my neighbor’s windmill. So the market prices are actually depressed. You have very low. Market value of electricity when there’s a lot of renewable generation and being able to then use an energy storage and actually put in a lot of energy and shifting that to a later time is is really the interesting thing when we look at efficiency. So the physical round of efficiency.

Justin Scholz 

That was one of the things we very early on were looking very closely into because we targeted an efficiency of 50 to 60% run-trip and that some people might say that seems low seems low The interesting thing is we found that when you look at the economics when you look at the. The the business case it it is clear that a vastly cheaper system and an ah acceptable efficiency of of roundup efficiency is way better than a super high efficient system at high cost or as I like to say no customer in the energy market will pay me. 4 times more of cost just to have maybe 5 percentage points more of efficiency. But in the chemical industry that is actually not the case in the chemical industry where you have the classic approach to building alicofaction units. They have a different incentive structure and they might actually pay a lot more because for them d d. Profitability calculation is different and that is one of the things you really need if you go into the energy storage space to understand how your customers will actually make money with with your product and that is something that is that. Makes in engineering then interesting because the tradeoffs you do are different than what you classically do in your industry.

James McWalter

Understood and if I think then about let’s say the deployment of a you know battery storage which which has kind of arisen ah particularly in the last couple of years you know so often that’s colocated as you in the similar way to let’s say some solar panels and you often have these. Basically shipping containers with racks of Lithium Ian Batteries um and then and there’s various kind of software controllers that you know, kind of operate on that if you take a typical kind of Lithium Ian you know storage within a shipping container and in terms of the megawatts and megawat hours. Yeah, how does the I guess the energy density compare leaving aside the efficiency you know is the use of liquid air energy storage does that typically take up more kind of space less space for the same amount of energy density. So.

Justin Scholz 

But it would be more. It would be more ah more space simply because electrochemical storages are really energy dense. That’s why you put them in cars because in cars you have both a weight and the volume limitation. Um for station energy storage space.

Justin Scholz 

Makes or is less relevant. It’s still relevant because of the cost of of land but still, it’s not as relevant as in in mobility applications or in phones etc. We are talking about an energy density roughly one third 1 fourthth. Um. On ah on a simple basis. We are also doing a containerized system and um, we also intend to be able to stack them so and that is something that we have not seen done much with lithium simply because it then becomes harder in case of fire hazards.

Justin Scholz 

And other risks so being able to stack the system then reduces effectively the area again that you need or do you can increase the aerial density volumetric wise we are definitely like um one third or one fourth depending on how you count of of lithium.

James McWalter

Honor said and in terms of the process itself. Um, what are the inputs and the outputs right? So minus ending is it’s not pure. Pure Electricity. You also need air as an input and are there any kind of outputs or you know other elements that that kind of come out of the process. So.

Justin Scholz 

The process in itself is the simplest version of the process is as ah as a customer or as someone who wants to deploy the system you need to provide it with the electricity and the air we take from the atmosphere. And at the end of the process you get electricity out again and the outcomes out of the system again. So There’s no byproducts aside from that there’s ah heat as a non-material um byproduct. Um, that is that is being generated. Um the process itself is. We we take in the ambient atmospheric Air. So um, that’s pretty much infinite, free resource for us and we compress that to a high pressure pressure Level. We store a lot of the heat that is being generated to increase efficiency. Our heat storages. We then have our custom air equifaction process and store the liquefied air in something that’s called a cryotank you can think of it as a Thermoscan Um, which is wellinsulated. Um, and then if you want to regenerate the Electricity. You could You can think of it as. Boiling the liquid air Again. So the same way that water Vapor becomes liquid if you cool it down it condenses into liquid water the same happens with air and when you boil the liquid air again. A lot of the pressure increase that is happening there together with the compression Heat. You can then regenerate into electricity electricity with.

Justin Scholz 

Ah, turbine or an expander or something like that with the generator. So.

James McWalter

And I’d love to go and go back then into the you know development of the original prototype or Mvp. So yeah I have a better kind of understanding now the technology it sounds like so really interesting and it it definitely solves some of the issues that we’re seeing with Lithiumyan battery search deployment. So I kind of get that piece. But going from that you know this is like the technology we’re going to hang our hat on to something that is you know a prototype or something that you can demo to potentially users. What was that process like.

Justin Scholz 

So and and in that state we are right now actually last Friday we started operating our our cold section of our first prototype system. It’s ah but as we like to say nowadays. Thank you, it’s as we like to say now it’s ah it’s a room scale system.

James McWalter

So congrats.

Justin Scholz 

Because when I say it’s ah it’s a lab scale system people think of a benchtop but it actually fills a full room of um, like 5 by five meters or something like that. So. It’s it’s a big system and um. Going through the pains of starting from a blank sheet of paper actually around two years ago to designing starting procurement figuring out the exact sizes of building up the supply chain the suppliers and the logistics the integration the assembly um and testing. With a very small team so that was 4 people full-time pretty much for everything in that system and then also the control system being new and the the the whole um approach being new so we have advisors who have who had worked for more than 40 years at Linda in 1 case, um. Being responsible for alic affection systems at Linde. So they know how it’s classically done and it’s actually different so that was quite ah, quite a ride. Um over the last two years also supply chain wise we have some some some close calls there. Um, if I remember of one shipment shipment that was.

Justin Scholz 

Um, it it was a component that we got shipped from China and we actually decided to ship it ah but via train to munich and that was the decision to ship it via train was was done in January this year

Justin Scholz 

And we actually had looked um if the train would go through through Ukraine at at that point it it didn’t but still then we got the notice that it was on the train on February Twenty Eighth now um we were not sure if that train would ever arrive because that train went through Russia, but it did. And then when it arrived the component then in China there were lockdown. So even if it hadn’t arrived. We wouldn’t have been able to get a new component in time. So sometimes like I think you just have to be lucky as well with your supply chain.

James McWalter

It? yeah, it’s the amount of ah supply chain disruptions over the last um two years have been incredible. And yeah, especially if you are trying to go overland um from Asia to to Europe it’s becoming more complex I would say rather than less complex. Um, and outside of that you know. 2 years It’s a lot of things kind of go right? Have to go right? A lot of things I’m sure you know were challenges so anything that was kind of surprising to you going in. You know is there any kind of major aspects either of the technology or the approach or the market that you change your mind on over those kind of 2 years of development.

Justin Scholz 

Um, I Think what? what we increasingly learned is that being able to calculate for our customers how they make money with a system like this and how much and helping them. Um, assessing that is something that we we weren’t aware of how much value that is because we see that so many in the industry in the in the industry from the CustomerS perspective. They know they need energy storage. They want to deploy it. But what is the right size. What is the right Configuration. What is the right technology so we actually help right now. Potential customers. Also we advise them in this case, a Redox flow battery might be a better solution for you because simply because we believe that any storage deployment right? now is is a net positive um and it. Helps people get educated on on how to assess it and it builds up trust in the Industry. So I think that is something that that we learned to more value and um from a supply chain. We see now that um these these suppliers like delays of components. I Didn’t think it would be that bad and that delayed and how much effort a supply chain management is I think that is something that that we have learned now looking looking back of how to improve that in the future.

James McWalter

And you mentioned some of these target customers who who is like an ideal customer for you guys. So.

Justin Scholz 

So ah, we we have we already have a pilot customer who who who’s ah, a wood pilot factory in Germany they produce wood pallets for for heating purposes and they’re an energy intensive industry energy intensive industry in in Europe. Especially as facing incredibly high energy costs and we can help reduce those costs. Um, but the problem there from a startup perspective is that every customer has different needs. So. It’s a very heterogeneous market. The ideal customer also from a scaling point of view is really the renewable energy developer. And the renewable energy operator because at the and once you understand how to put energy storage next to your solar pv field or your wind farm. You can replicate that you can do that in the next project and in the next project and in the next project and that makes it a very scalable case because also you can talk with. You can build trusting relationships with these developers who build project of the project. So those are really the ideal customers and also from the project design if you integrate storage from the very beginning. It takes a lot of risk out of the project of its profitability. Um, and also. Makes it um, easier than to to show the value of the project.

James McWalter

And you’re focusing on Germany that’s where you’re based um and I’m less familiar with the german energy market relative to ah North America and and and Ireland and the Uk as you kind of think through you know, scaling up your go-to-market. How does the. Differing kind of energy markets across countries kind of affect that is the plan to mostly focus on Germany and then potentially expand later or is it something that you’re considering multiple countries from the start. So.

Justin Scholz 

When we started. We had a very unfavorable legal framework in Germany where energy storages were actually taxed twice because you were considered an energy consumer when you charge an energy producer when you discharged and. You cannot really build a business case of 80% of your cost is just overhead of tax and and fees that has gladly changed by now. But um I still see a lot more potential in in Southern Europe and also eastern europe um, and that is still very close. Both geographically speaking but also from and from an ability to to ah execute on these projects. So I I think we focus on the german market um, and on the german speaking market. But ah, we are very closely looking and um also in conversations with.

Justin Scholz 

The European market in general because you see different use cases if if it’s wind in the north If it’s sun and on the Iberian Peninsula there’s There’s great potential there as well.

James McWalter

Yeah, and I guess thinking through the product itself so we talk a lot about kind of hardware aspects. But for the deployment of these you know, kind of any sort of storage ah asset knowing when to discharge and charge um is super important right? because. If you’re playing around with different types of wholesale orelillerary services or rebalancing markets. Um, that becomes like ah like a core element is that you know ability to kind of have software controls is that also something you’re building or you looking at more off-the-shelf tools for that and what’s your kind of general approach to the software piece.

Justin Scholz 

Because we have been building in-house software now for the last two years as well to to assess the business cases for customers. So we run um, usually between 5 to 10000 sometimes more scenarios on a Customers case with historical market data and the the weather data for the location for example and then simulate a storage behavior to understand how much value there is so we have a lot of the building blocks and we really believe that a lot of the value in energy storage is not only in the hardware but also in how you use it. You see that also with Tesla. Releasing the auto bidder software which seems to work quite well and going into the direction of helping our customers use the system more profitably and efficiently providing that software. We have that on ah or on our roadmap. Um, whether it’s going to be available at the very beginning is a different question. Um. But we definitely see a lot of potential and something that we want to in-house incorporate. Um, this critical piece of how to use the storage because then you can also really integrate with the hardware properties if you actually produce both the hardware and the software. And then can actually leverage certain hardware properties that you might have a harder time leveraging if you just use and like an off-the-shelf software. There.

James McWalter

That makes sense and so you know you have this room size ah version that that that’s kind of been developed. What are the kind of aims for the next you know 12 to twenty four months for phalis.

Justin Scholz 

We are now looking forward to scaling up out of the lab. The lab system is in the size of like thirty forty Kilowatt of power and we will scale up now to a megawatt. To like a first commercial scale system that is going to be deployed also in a commercial setting. So um, scaling up the team um with a lot of and new hires on the engineering side then um, doing the scale up design selecting suppliers doing all the and. The engineering work there and achieving a point where we can then in the second half of the twenty four months so in in the year after next year then actually build it. Um is going to be the big steps because we see on on this side. That we want to have the the system deployed in the next two years on a commercial scale and on the commercial side we want to um, gain more customers because we believe that the more customer attraction the more and the firmer. The contracts are the more we can take out. Um. Market risk also from for ourselves but also for our investors because we believe that the the more customers there are. It’s um, always easy then to say well you don’t have to worry if this is a thing that the market wants if you already have customers for it obviously.

James McWalter

I yeah, and and you mentioned investors you know it sounds like you’ve done some pitching you’ve raised some capital. Um I’ve done that myself as well. And first the most recent time I raised some capital. It was kind of surprising to me. Um, what? what people ah wrote the investors. Found interesting about my startup relative to like the narrative that I was going in and so I would like shift my narrative I would shift things you know we would still always be very very core and like you know what we’re trying to achieve but I definitely would take like oh you know I’m not really explaining this part right? or people get very very excited but this part that maybe I had. Kind of underappreciated as you’re kind of going through. You know these kind of investor conversations. Um, what gets people? what’s gets the investors most excited about failis.

Justin Scholz 

What I what I what I’ve found that they most get excited about is a solution that is inherently scalable as we earlier discussed because of mass manufacturing at its core with existing supply chains combined with a new business model. And new flexibility that is really what people find interesting because usually energy storage plays are you’re an oem you sell your system to your customer and then you maybe do some servicing but that’s it that is quite simple but it’s also a bit boring. And we wanted to build sustainability into the core of the company and into the core of the business model and part of sustainability is also to build longer-lasting systems and we early on decided we want to be also financially incentivized to build longer-lasting more sustainable products. And the best way to do that is to profit from it and what we came up with is something we call energy storage as a service and as an intermediate steplicasing because our systems last 20 to 30 years from ah from a component and hardware point of view and our customers might only want them for 5 to 10 and because they are shipping containers and they’re movable and they don’t degrade per use. We can actually ship them to one customer for five or ten years and after that we can ship it to the next customer. So thereby. We get incentivized to actually build a longer-lasting system.

Justin Scholz 

And the barrier to adoption is lowered on the customer side because they don’t have to commit to a large upfront payment and buy the system directly so in that sense both both parties win and you have a new. Idea and interest of of energy storage because you no longer have to bet that at this location in the grid in this configuration you will make money you rather have to bet that somehow there will be demand for energy storage and that is a way easier and less riskier bet.

James McWalter

That That’s so interesting like that ah kind of you know, dynamically moving um storage in that like literally physically moving is such interesting way and I guess does that sometimes kind of help you know, navigate things like interconnection capacity elements on the grid. Because if you also have this ability to literally you know move the shipping at daner maybe to a place that now you know the the grid is very very congested. Um, the value of storage in that particular node on the grid is is lessened over a five-year period and you can shift it so does interconnection kind of play a role there as Well. And.

Justin Scholz 

Interconnection is 1 play if you look at countries like the Netherlands where large parts of the distribution. Grid are totally overwhelmed but also are planned to be built out. It’s exactly one of these areas where you can deploy for a limited amount of time and then shift it. Another aspect is um, the the ability to adjust to a changing market dynamic. We recently talked with an energy developer from chile. Um who we advised and the ability to deploy a system and then five years down the road. I mean I don’t know how the energy market will look like 5 years from now but we enable you then to adjust with higher capacity lower capacity or more or less power and that is something that makes a deployment way easy because you don’t have to do all these bets you just you can deploy and then. See how the market behaves and that is um, a flexibility and ability to adjust um that that you can only really achieve if your system doesn’t have a lot of cost per use. Um and a lot of degradation. Because that is what you usually have to charge a customer for and which we don’t have because the system has so low degradation.

James McWalter

And you mentioned a little bit earlier about the environment from a policy and governmental place was pretty negative on storage and that that’s improved in Germany specifically how else might you know government policy regulations. You know changes in tariffs changes in incentives you know, potentially affect the market because as we’ve seen in the United States the inflation reduction act was passed over the summer that’s had a very very profound effect with a ton of tax credits but based around building you know, clean energy projects in specific places in specific ways. Um, yeah I guess as you kind of look at what’s the outlook from a regulatory or incentives point of view and are there areas that you know governments could improve on. So.

Justin Scholz 

I think it’s it’s region specific if we look on the on the european um landscape there there there is movement in the positive way of energy storage I think it like for the last few years I’ve seen a lot of lobbying and and movement. Hydrogen and I think not enough focus on energy storage because realistically speaking its very hard to have green hydrogen without energy storage because the electroalizers that you need for green hydrogen usually don’t like it. Ah if you expose them to direct solar ah wind feed and because of the intermittency again. So I think there needs to be more awareness of how much and how quickly we need a lot of energy storage but also from an incentive structure I think to to really accelerate the rollout also of new and innovative technologies encouraging existing players um with. Tax incentives and also with with with subsidies to actually take risks with earlyst stage technologies would be really helpful as an as an earlytage startup in a capital intensive industry like. Because anybody who wants to deploy grids scale energy storage will have a lot of capital they need that is some and then ah on the other side someone who’s willing to take that risk reducing that for the other side is is tremendously helpful so incentivizing the the actual.

Justin Scholz 

Building of these experimental sites of of pilots but also of more earlystage commercial systems um is is I think um, good and and needed and it’s already done in parts. Um I’ve increasingly heard for offshore wind an offshore wind when.

Justin Scholz 

Companies are bidding then to get the ability to build it. They need to show Innovative Innovativeness I don’t know if that’s an English word but I think you know what I mean um and encouraging that even further to encourage actually building more storage.

James McWalter

It It is close enough. Good.

Justin Scholz 

Or even enforcing it in some parts where you need it from a grid perspective I think that will be very helpful.

James McWalter

And you also mentioned at the beginning you know you’re as you try to start a startup in Germany the reaction of people. The social reaction is you know surprise or you know you’re so brave and so on. And yeah, I’m from Ireland and you know I’ve upset I think before on the podcast. It probably be. Close to impossible for me to build the startup I’m building in the United States in Ireland just the the kind of cultural structure is so different that you know it’s hard enough to build something and then you have all these other kind of elements that are kind of set against you but I guess one of the things I’m also always looking for is you know, certain places you know. That are outside of yeah traditional silicon valley type startup development often have ah other advantages that are less clear to folks on the outside. So if you were to say what the kind of most positive things are about building you know a startup in Germany and and maybe in you know, Munich specifically. Um, what would those be and.

Justin Scholz 

Quality of life I mean the the quality of life living in Munich is quite high. Um, it’s it’s a very livable city but aside from that as a startup the the deep tech. Environment that we that we have here in munichn that is being increasingly built by especially the t munich but also the l um u and t and general ecosystem in munich it’s a really hardware um and and deep tech focusedcused and environment and. So you’re surrounded by really cool tech and and hardware startups and hardware startups are usually considered as ah, it’s hardware. It’s hard. It’s expensive I don’t it’s not interesting and that combined with with a lot of increasingly investors who understand hardware. Because you’re in this cluster and a supplier network that is local so when I look at the the ability to choose from different suppliers on this um on on the supplier side for integration of components for the integration of piping something industrial like if you. If you want to build something with an industrial base Germany is a great place because we have a great industrial base of manufacturing and know-how and all these small medium-sized companies that are often happy to work with you if you get to the right people and that is something that is very valuable because that.

Justin Scholz 

Takes a lot of the time out and it’s it’s then um, possible to get the right? um contacts advisors but also talent.

James McWalter

Yeah, and I think that’s it’s a great lesson for anybody anywhere around the world listening to this. You know there are always advantages and disadvantages to a specific place when you’re trying to build a company and you know the best startups always sort of figure out how to best leverage those advantages. Um, and you know flip it up. Flip. Things that seem like at its advantage at first into you know the positive that it potentially is um but Justin Scholz  this has been really great really enjoyed chatting before we finish off though is there anything I should have asked you about but did not.

Justin Scholz 

Um, we are I think one of the things that is that is high on my mind. There is what is what is your fundraising story or and or what is your biggest needs and um, there’s there’s 2 points. The one is. We are raising right now a seed round. So if you find interesting what we do, um, please reach out to me as an investor. Um and on the other side if you are interested in working with us if you’re even interested in becoming part of the team. Um, as engineer or also on the sales side on the. Internal side. Um, we will be hiring um a lot of great folks. We have a really great team already. Um, but we will look forward to expanding that next year um with the interesting and really yeah, um, ambitious challenges to to understand. Um. How to scale up the system into a commercial scale because that is that is something that then it becomes even more real going from a lab scale to to ah to a customer scale.

James McWalter

Yeah, and we’ll include those um contact details and so on in the show notes. Thank you so much. Justin Scholz .

Justin Scholz 

Thank you very much.

Repurposing EV Batteries – E119

Great to chat with Edward Chiang, Co-Founder & CEO at Moment Energy! Moment Energy provides clean, affordable, and reliable energy storage by repurposing retired electric vehicle batteries! We discussed the founding team, customer discovery, electric vehicle waste, battery health and more! 

https://carbotnic.com/momentenergy

Download Podcast Here: https://plinkhq.com/i/1518148418

Remember, If you want to support the podcast please rate and review 5 stars on  Apple, Thanks so much! 

James

The unedited podcast transcript is below

James McWalter

Hello today we’re speaking with Edward Chiang co-founder and Ceo at Moment Energy, welcome to the podcast Edward. To start could you tell us a little bit about moment energy?

Eddy Chiang

Hey, thanks chance.

Eddy Chiang

Yeah, absolutely um so moment energy what we do is we repurpose electric vehicle batteries into stationary energy storage. So once a consumer is done driving their vehicle for 101215 years ah currently if you wanted to let’s say scrap it get rid of your vehicle just like a combustion vehicle it costs consumers thousands of dollars to do so and the main part is due to the electric vehicle battery currently electric vehicle battery recycling is extremely improfitable and unfortunately that’s causing only. Approximately 5% of all ev batteries to be responsibly recycled majority of them are not being responsibly disposed of so they’re either ending up on shelves or in other countries. Especially um, ending up being thrown away. So at moment we essentially make sure that these batteries are. Repurposed into stationary storage applications. So for example in off-grid settings we can reduce diesel consumption by installing our batteries with their diesel generator. Um, you can think of it like a hybrid car. We can reduce their diesel consumption by turning ah on and off that diesel generator. While in on-grid settings we can help them with renewables and with their peak demand where we’re constantly being told that the utility grid can’t sustain the amount of power draw because of all the evs that are hitting the road today and charging off the grid and the grid is getting really old. So our batteries can help.

Eddy Chiang

Discharge during these peak times and and help the grid out as well as save commercial industrial buildings hundreds of thousands of dollars a year in the utility bills. Um a little bit of background on the company is yeah absolutely. So um, co-founded this company with 3 of my best friends.

James McWalter

Yeah, please. Yeah, so yeah, what? what? what drove that kind of initial decision to start moment. So.

Eddy Chiang

All 4 of us we are we have a me electronic systems engineering degree background out of Simon Fraser University we essentially fell in love with electric vehicles. Um through having started form the electric race team together so built and designed electric race cars from scratch and competed all the way to starting. Another startup actually a mental health startup because we were extremely passionate about helping um with stress anxiety helping people out of depression all the way to now something completely different now that we really knew and had worked together for 6 years and been best friends for 6 years into repurposing ev batteries and how we really got into this was with our experience having started that form electric race teams called team phantom um, all the way to having worked at Tesla I’ve had experience also working for the k canadian government in nuclear energy research and. Really having the passion to ensure that all humans across the world have access to clean and a reliable and affordable energy. Um, we started this company with that environmental aspect in mind as well as our electric vehicle experience. Um as a background. Um, yeah.

James McWalter

Um, yeah, and I guess you know you you have this kind of amazing easy relationship with the people who became your co-founders. What was the kind of that first couple of conversations like when you’re kind of considering this to be an actual startup that you work on together. You know you meeting on some sort of regular cadence was.

Eddy Chiang

Um, this.

James McWalter

1 of you reach out to the other and then just oh, we should loop in the rest like how how did the specifics of the kind of founding occur.

Eddy Chiang

Yeah, good question so actually in our engineering degrees. We had a core group of approximately 7 really close friends essentially um and in our engineering degrees. Essentially you have to have an eight month project and engineering project at at the end of it to. Ah, showcase and some people will you know, develop and totally research something completely new or they can research something that’s already been done but it’s just super cool like we had people who had developed rockets in their garage and whatnot and um, really cool projects like that and for us we knew that ah for our founding team. Um, we needed to be not only be passionate about what we’re all working on but also be able to work together really? Well so we all 7 of us actually all sat in a room and we started writing world problems in terms of what are some problems that are happening in the world and um and what are we passionate about um, solving. So. Essentially no problem was silly or no idea was too silly. We wrote them all on the board and sooner or later we had hundreds of problems seemingly hundreds of problems on the board and we essentially would vote for the top 3 um, and once we started voting we we really start started forming each of us.

Eddy Chiang

Forming groups in terms of like oh yeah, you know like all 4 of us we we want to really solve Xyz problem some of these problems were went from mental health all the way to especially here in British Columbia we’ve been having a lot of forest spires due to climate change. How do we help solve with that all the way to hydration for. Ah, wrestlers and or for ah women women who are carrying children as well who are pregnant. So um, lots of cool ideas and in the end we all landed on again at first and cofo our co-founding team was on mental health at first. Um, so we really wanted to. Um, to really solve that issue. Um, so we had commercialized and been working on some Neuros technology with our professors at um, our university and then in the end after our entire year of working on that and having that been our engineering project and then another four months of full startup mode and selling to customers. We essentially realized that maybe we weren’t the team to do it although we were able to build the technology in the end none of us had medical medical degrees or ah psychology degrees. So we decided to take a step back and say okay.

Eddy Chiang

What is actually something that our skill sets are really meant for and um, it was really the problem that we really wanted to solve was right in front of our eyes because while we were working on that mental health startup. We actually realized we were still helping out with our our school’s form electric race team and we’re still super proportionate passionate about evs and. Um, rather than than ni spanning as a co-founding team. We actually realized you know we’ve worked together for 6 years now we’re best friends and um, the number one cause for startups to fail is is when founders argue and they don’t disagree. Ah sorry they disagree on a fundamental topic and then they just the span the the company for us. We. We found that. Um, that would just never happen. Um, so we sat down together and said you know, let’s take that risk. We could all easily get jobs at you know Apple Tesla um really why not take the plunge down in terms of just working on a startup. Um again. So we sat down and started listing out things that our skill sets matched better with. Um, and in the end we landed on repurposing electric vehicle batteries. Yeah I looked this.

James McWalter

Yeah I Love this for a lot of reasons you know one being that it’s very hard to see from the outside when a pivot might make sense. It’s particularly something as hard a pivot as going from you know mental health to electric vehicle battery recycling. Yeah,, that’s just about as hard a pivot as I could Imagine. Um, but but I think what was really kind of core to why this pivot works so well is because you were so looking for you know founder problem fit right? And as you can solve that and then your you know.

James McWalter

The kind of power of saying oh actually we’re already wafered or ahead with this problem set than the previous 1 right? because you already um are are doing it in the day today and so from that kind of that pivot moment where you’re just all right. We’re moving in this other direction. Um, and you already had that kind of existing framework and existing set of problems coming out of the experience with phantom.

James McWalter

How do else did you start to kind of validate or see how big a problem is this and you know where’s the market for this today and.

Eddy Chiang

Yeah, good question. Um, it’s definitely customer discovery customer discovery not just to who’s buying your product but also on the supply end to where are we getting these batteries. So at first we started here locally in Vancouver we started talking to just consumers hey what happens. Um, your nissan lee or your Chevy bolt is reaching end of life. What are you going to do now and then that’s when they started telling us a couple years ago hey I tried to recycle my Chevy bolt here locally in British Columbia and the recycler said. Yeah we’ll take these off your hands for $4000 per ev and that just dumbfounded us. Like ah most people don’t realize that and everybody’s transitioning evs but most Ev consumers don’t realize that they have that huge bill waiting for them right now. Um, so we really saw that okay consumers can’t afford that why aren’t automakers taking responsibility so we started asking the automakers. And we realized well automakers don’t want to pay $4000 per ev because that cuts into their margins and then we started digging a little bit deeper there. We started looking at um, what are other countries doing so in Norway half of all of the vehicles on the road are electric already. And so you can really see them as where is North America going to be in another 2030 years um and what they saw is hey yeah, consumers are trading in their evs and getting rid of them every 5 to 8 ight years even sooner because you know that’s what consumer ah combustion vehicles have trained consumer trends um to be over the past.

Eddy Chiang

Couple decades. So now that essentially means that there’s more and more electric vehicle waste that’s reaching end of life and still only five percent of all uv virus are being recycled because of that high cost and and when we started digging in deeper into other countries like in China in half of all you countries. In a lot of these places. It’s already mandated by law that the automaker has to take responsibility and in all those countries automakers have essentially figured out hey you know we don’t want to recycle. We are responsible. So let’s find an innovative way to to give a second life to these batteries and all those countries second life. Um, ev batteries make a lot more sense. Um in the sense that they’ve already started doing it. Um and now for us in North America um we’re we’re really fortunate to to be 1 of the first ones to actually go for this problem and solve this problem. So now that North American automakers are soon going to be legislated to take responsibility. This is when we’re already having lots of talks where we can be their um only partners in second life as well.

James McWalter

And what’s really interesting about that is it sounds like when you’re initially kind of exploring the problem you’re like oh this might be a consumer direct-to-consumer type relationship right? We have to kind of build this relationship with millions of consumers who might be recycling their vehicle but it sounds like it’s moved more into this kind of b two b world where you might have to just.

James McWalter

Not just but it’s ah it’s a fewer. It’s the go-tomarket is somewhat simpler because it’s like okay you might have organizations you know automotive ah companies and so on which will be mandated either soon or a lot of times companies want to get ahead of that start building the processes early.

Eddy Chiang

Um, was it.

James McWalter

Um, you know in case, there’s like imminent fines and all this kind of thing down the road. Um, but it just could dramatically kind of changes like a perspective on go to market. Um, and so yeah, so as you were kind of discovering that um was that kind of ah like an aha moment in terms of like this is something that we can really kind of move fast on.

Eddy Chiang

Brett.

Eddy Chiang

Yeah I mean that’s exactly it. Um, so for example, we’re the only canadian company working with Nissan we’ve been working with them for over ah pretty much over two and a half years now. Um, and it’s been great. Um, and we essentially have found that us compared to any other second life company. It’s why automakers have slowly chose us over others is because of that relationship and keeping in mind hey what are automakers really caring about and what we found is that automakers care that there’s an actual path to commercialization here and that we’re not just taking in their batteries. Sitting in a lab for 10 years and then going to give them back the data they actually want to see a commercial case for this so over the past three years since the company had started. We had actually been really um, one of the only ones in North America that have been deploying on commercial sites and actually selling products. Um, deploy. So we’ve deployed projects all across Canada at this point in off-grid homes off-grid remote communities and and customers have actually paid for our product and utilized them every day to help them reduce their diesel consumption and then once that started happening that’s when automakers like Mercedes were their only north american partner. Um, and all these other we actually have many other partners that aren’t public Disclos yet but they reached out to us and it’s because again we have actually found a way to commercialize their batteries. So we’re constantly thinking on on our on our own end. What are the automakers thinking about what matters to them. Um.

Eddy Chiang

And once we took that philosophy Now we’re we’re in an extremely fortunate position where they prefer us over any other second life company. Yeah.

James McWalter

Super interesting and in Essence again kind of from the outside looking in I would have imagined that basically this supply side right? The batteries themselves might be the more difficult part. Um, but it sounds like you know people come to you and that’s that’s amazing. It’s always amazing when the sp supply side of any sort of transaction comes to you.

Eddy Chiang

Are that.

Eddy Chiang

Okay.

James McWalter

But then you have the demand side and so when you’re trying to go to work with the deployment of these batteries in this kind of diesel generator use case and sandalone storage use case. Um, what’s what’s that kind of go to market like in terms of generating the interest in demand side discovering where that interest lies across Canada and North America so

Eddy Chiang

In it.

Eddy Chiang

Yeah, good. Good question. Um for for us definitely in early days you go to direct a customer. So even if it’s a one off-grid home all the way to now we’re deploying a remote communities which has you know 8 10 15 homes. Um. And is direct to customer mainly because for us we want like even our engineers want to work directly with the end user to know what features matter and which ones don’t matter to the end customer and and really provided the best customer service that even knew lithium or new batteries are providing. Um. And luckily the cost luckily for us. But unfortunately for the customer most other even new lithium battery companies. Um, they have pretty bad customer service so that there’s a pretty low bar there. But but luckily we for us we go above and beyond terms of that that aspect. But we’ve already then um. Once that is established and we essentially build at scale. We’ve already started developing those relationships through child partners. So for us. Our child partners are renewable integrators people who install solar install batteries into these commercial industrial buildings. Um, so that our end customer really. The main customer really helps us install our product for us and we can just focus on manufacturing another end for the on-grid segment especially is peak demand aggregators. So these are people where currently in on-grid settings when a manufacturing building ev charging station when they draw too much power from the grid.

Eddy Chiang

Utility will find them hundreds of thousands of dollars a year. Um, the main reason is because they’re putting too much stress on that grid. Um, and now there are softwares out there that will predict hey a peak demand charge is coming manufacturing building turn off your facility now these softwares essentially have found out that they’re they’re not extremely useful because. Um, without the hard asset because they can’t just tell a manufacturing building to turn off their power for 4 hours because in that use case the manufacturing building just walked because they need to operate for 4 hours or just imagine if you’re apartment building just said hey we’re going to turn off your power for 4 hours that’s just not going to happen so that’s really when again, these.

Eddy Chiang

Child partners will already introduce us to all the end use cases because their software systems are already in these commercial industrial buildings and all we have to do is just drop our batteries off at the site and they will also handle the installation for us as well.

James McWalter

That super bridge is saying and look to get into the kind of manufacturing part. How difficult is it to convert the recycled battery into yeah a wave that we’re maximizing the use in these other use cases and how much is it I guess.

Eddy Chiang

Um, is out of present.

James McWalter

You know changes mostly on the hardware side or do you also need to have some sort of software component because of you know, battery cycling issues and and things like that right.

Eddy Chiang

Yeah, great question. So definitely not trivial because these batteries are meant for electric vehicle use cases. But for us we’ve developed both on the hardware and electrical side. Um flexibility. Essentially so us compared to ah other automaker us or other second life companies is that we’re actually able to use batteries from any automaker which has been super exciting. Um, and we were we essentially both on the hardware. We have ip that essentially allows us to slip in but battery modules from from anybody which is pretty awesome. And then also on the electrical side too and the hardware side what we’re seeing in terms of difficulty is um, each automaker has slightly differing um battery modules and and form factors. But for us that’s fine because we’ve already developed that technology where we can just slip in modules from any automaker but then also another thing that we have to. Ti and count is that on the electrical end each battery chemistry is slightly different. Um, even if they’re Nmc or lfp if you compare 2 lfp batteries or 2 nmc batteries from different chemisties that the same but then they’re from different automakers that’s 2 and nmc batteries won’t. Necessarily had the same ratio of nickel or cobalt in each of them. So um, you essentially need intelligent battery management systems to manage that and for us that’s exactly what we have as well. We have our own second life specific battery management system that manages batteries from any automaker.

Eddy Chiang

But as well as manages batteries that are differing state of health which is extremely important because you can imagine if you drive a Nissan leaf um in Arizona for 8 to 10 years versus a Nissan leaf in Alaska for 8 to 10 years the batteries will degrade very differently with temperature alone. Let alone all these other variables such as how aggressive the? um. The consumer drives the vehicle. How often do they supertures the vehicles. The battery is will will degrade very differently so what will happen is if you take ah um, ah, ah, battery from Arizona maybe that battery has degraded to 90% um now and a battery from Alaska which that battery could have degraded to 80 what happens is if you take a 80% battery and a 90% state of health battery and put them into the same shipping container system. Let’s call it and you put a dumb new lithium battery management system. The whole system will act like the lowest common denominator. So even if you put 190% batteries and one eighty percent battery in there the whole shipping container will still act like the 80% so that’s not ideal because you tra have trapped usable capacity in there lifespan is now now subject to lowest common denominator as well. But for our own battery management system. We aren’t. Subject to batch. We are able to swap out batteries. We’re able to um Matt essentially push our state of health of the entire system to as close as the upper bound of the 90% state of health batteries. For example, as possible.

James McWalter

What I really love about this kind of motor building is around. You’re basically making the individual batteries themselves like a commodity which is very difficult as you’re saying all these different manufacturers have differing you know, just physical modules differing chemistry all these kind of things. And being able to kind of take all those and streamline and make them in essence commodity inputs into your own process is something that you know sounds like a long-term kind of defensibility from a point of view. But 1 thing as you’re kind of talking to that eighty ninety percent variance that came to mind was.

Eddy Chiang

Go ahead.

James McWalter

Because of that variance. Do you have to then vary the price you charge the demand side. Um, based on the you know the existing longevity of those batteries and so does it actually increase some complexity on the pricing side or how you you know, communicate the offering on that side.

Eddy Chiang

Yeah, good question so it depends on the model. Um that that we’re selling to but the answer is typically for the customer. They won’t see a difference. Um, it’s more of a moment problem I guess um, so if it’s a 1 ne-time sales model for example, what we’ll do is we’ll highly derate our systems. Um. We tell so currently. For example, we tell our customers they’re at Forty Eight Kilowatt hours usable in reality. There’s significantly more usable capacity and significantly more lifetime than than what’s on our data sheetets. We just especially as a startup we we don’t like to take the methodology that other companies are we rather? um. Ah, ah, under promised over delivery. Um.

James McWalter

Over Promise over deliverver. That’s what I say to my own startup. It’s like who we we we over promise and they’re like a customer like oh my God is that gonna happen and then I’m like we’re still going to do it two days early. You know? Yeah yeah.

Eddy Chiang

Ah, that’s even better. That’s great. But yeah, we we just rather yeah like you know we don’t want to make huge promises but then accidentally make make ah ah, um, because it’s reputation building especially as a startup for us. So um. So. That’s why we like to give the customer much more than what we were telling them and then yeah, we just wow them. Um, on the other end though. Um, so that’s just a 1 ne-time sales model but on especially what we can implement is energy storage as a service so especially in the on-grid site. So I kind of mentioned getting to the nitty-grittys a little bit.

James McWalter

Yeah.

Eddy Chiang

Um, that each commercial industrial building in North America they experience an average $600000 a year in utility Bill fines because of those peak demand charges. So what we what can happen is that we can actually still own the asset of the batteries. But we say hey customer where you’re going to? Um, we we implement energy storage as a service essentially. So we own the asset. But um, every year when we save them $600000 a year. Let’s say on their utility bills. We can cut them a check for $300000 and we retain the other $300000 and what that essentially happened means is that the longevity and the performance of the system. Um, only really matters to moment. Because the longer our systems last and the but more peaks and the more money we can save them the more of the cut we get while for them. There’s actually no cost and they didn’t have to pay for the capital cost of the systems. They really just let us install our batteries onto their site is really the only ask on our end and then really. Moment is incentivized to make our systems last as long as possible which is why that boundary match system really matters to moment. It doesn’t actually matter to the customer as much.

James McWalter

Outside of these kind of demand response and and kind of retail tariff programs. Are you also considering going all the way up into Wholesale um energy markets and seeing how the yeah the running of your batteries and other.

Eddy Chiang

Sorry else.

James McWalter

Kind of potentially more lucrative areas might might benefit you.

Eddy Chiang

Yeah, absolutely so we’re definitely already working with a couple utilities. Um for for the wholesale market and it’s especially larger scale too like if we’re talking talking about utility scale like tens of megawatt hours currently each of our systems are about between a hundred Kilowatt hours to but below one Megawatt hour ah because of that c and I use case for demand response. But for for more wholesale markets and and and just what what we’re seeing effective is you have to install much larger batteries as well. Um, we’re already developing those systems in tandem with a bunch of us and canadian utilities as well. Um. What we’re seeing though for now is um, the larger systems that we go um the more it’s a fight to the bottom um the more that it’s really just batteries become a full commodity which is great in the sense that well we’re always going to be cheaper. We’re taking you can think of 1.

Eddy Chiang

1 industry’s waste and making it into a product but on the other end we don’t really want to start a company where you know just because we’re 50% cheaper or 80% cheaper where um that that’s why we win we want to really address the market where because of the high demand us are high power. Discharge of of our batteries is really why we win which is why we’re really just starting in this market. Um, in commercial industrial peak demand response and and whatnot. Um, but because we see that our customers need a battery that has a small footprint and that can discharge an immense amount of power in a short amount of time.

James McWalter

And 1 of the kind of large themes that have kind of mered in this space and related spaces over the last two two and half years is the kind of supply chain aheadwins right? You know there’s nearly unlimited capital to be deployed to get sandone battery storage across across the world.

Eddy Chiang

Um, yeah.

James McWalter

Um, it’s just been very difficult to to actually get those batteries especially when you’re competing with you know automotive ah like megacompanies and so on um, you are kind of sitting in this kind of somewhat unique position right? because you have you can source a supply that nearly nobody else can get at.

James McWalter

How do you think about how that supply chain headwind for the rest of the industry is more of a cotawind in your case.

Eddy Chiang

Yeah, um, and that’s exactly what we’re seeing too like these these huge companies that are installing you know Gigawatt hours of energy storage new lithium energy storage have essentially already started talking to us and said hey can you be our supplier mainly because. You know they ran out of new lithium to install and and they’re also seeing in their projections that this is only going to get worse because the the fact is um, ev automakers are willing to pay much more for the lithium material than stationary storage manufacturers essentially because. The evs they require a much higher power batteryteries so they need higher higher quality and they’re willing to pay um for that extra engineering and qualities for high power cells and high power cells just overall um, um, are costs much more than just ah lithium batteries for stationary storage. So. Um, and that’s really what you know the lgchem’scattles are seeing. They’re seeing that. Um it’s extremely difficult to find a use case. Um an economic case to sell to stationary storage which is really where we’re seeing now too where we’re seeing new lithium players. Okay. Neolithium supply is drying up but you know there’s going to be 200 to three hundred Gigawatt hours per year of end-of-life ev batteries. Um, mckinsey has projected by 2030 so that’s another 7 years from now. Um, so you know the honest answer is we wish moment is able to.

Eddy Chiang

Ah, take and repurpose all 200 to three hundred Gigawatt hours of underlife ed batteries. But the honest answer is we probably won’t be able to um, we are definitely going to need a village. Um, where there’ going to be lots of recyclers out there. There’s can be lots of other second life companies out there and we we want to be allies with all of them to make sure that all these batteries actually have a good home.

Eddy Chiang

So they’re they’re not just thrown away. Um, and and they’re responsibly repurposed first and then recycled so um, which is have been making our sales pretty easy honestly, where new lithium players are asking us for so um, for us to sell to them again.

Eddy Chiang

The the end use customers. The people who are installing these batteries um into these commercial industrial sites as well. Um, have been um, putting in Tens of Megawatt hours in in terms of orders for our systems. So for us what we’re focused on is manufacturing just trying to manufacture fast enough to fulfill our our sales funnel.

James McWalter

That’s a brilliant problem to have just but being able to yeah meet the demand and so yeah I guess that with that in mind then what are the kind of plans over the next you know 12 to twenty four months so

Eddy Chiang

Yeah.

Eddy Chiang

Good question I mean we’re hiring a lot more so over the past three years we we grew from just the 4 cofounders working out of half a garage. You know we have the classic stories of.

Eddy Chiang

Ah, take buying ah a Nissan leaf pack disassembling it ourselves reassembling it driving it. 24 hours across Canada to install it with barely any sleep, um, all the way to now we’re a team of 30 which we feel very fortunate of and now we just moved into a fifteen Thousand Square foot manufacturing facility really having accidentally built one of the. Best test sites and most advanced battery test sites in Canada and as one of the top battery test sites in in North America which has but been really fortunate and and we counter blessings every day and and now with that space and now that we can actually our limiting factor has been enough space to take in all these batteries. Um. Um, as inventory and and building them out into systems now we actually have the space where we can produce megawatt hours hours per month in terms of output. Um, is so over the next twelve months it’s really just ramping up our our our output to at first 1 megawatt a month all the way to. For eight twelve megawatt hours a month essentially um and once we’ve really perfected our our manufacturing processes here in vancouver first then that’s when we’re expanding into a fifty to a hundred thousand square foot manufacturing facility in the us um, but in the near term we’re hiring tons of technicians engineers as well. And really just kind of continuously expanding the team and we’re also deploying lots of projects. Um, so we we have projects with the us department of national defense projects with utilities canadian and us utilities and then also off um, off-grid remote communities.

Eddy Chiang

To help them with their diesel reduction which has been amazing in terms of impact and social and environmental impact. Um, final aspect is ah, we’re on track to be the first and only um, that achieve ul certification for second life batteries. So essentially what that means is once we achieve that ul certification. Um, on both our product but also our facility um automakers that we’re already working with not just Nissan and and mercedes they they come to us and they send us their r and d batteries and we help them with the repurposing strategy as well and then once they have enough supply in 3 4 5 years That’s totally fine. We already have our systems built out and um, they just send us their end-of-life batteries so that they can be deployed in an actual commercial sense because the main thing is without ul certification you’re legally not allowed to actually deploy your batteries on grid. Um, yeah.

James McWalter

Right? I’m sure even those automotive manufacturers would potentially need sendinal batteries and you know you start to create this kind of circular motion right around you know the needs because your supply also potentially need the demand side as well could be the demand side as well. That’s I say one of the things I think a lot of starts struggle with is this kind of 15 to 20 or 15 to 25 person kind of mode where all of a sudden everybody you know can sit around a couple pizzas in the classic. Um Bezos statement. But now you have to actually start to have these kind of new ways of communicating and so on.

Eddy Chiang

Um, for the.

Eddy Chiang

Um, yeah.

31

James McWalter

Um, and sounds like you’ve just kind of gotten through that phase. How did you find it? um at a moment.

Eddy Chiang

Yeah, good question and we’re always constantly trying to figure it out too. Um, because ah we so for us, we definitely have started to pot off a little bit more but before everybody was in in. Um. Many of the meetings and we found that extremely inefficient at some point when you have 30 people all in a meeting at the there’s a certain point where it kind of just wastes some people’s times because they don’t even really touch for example, marketing individuals. Um, might not need to be in a full engineering certification meeting because they have 0 clue and we’ll never work with the certification board for example and vice versa. Um, so we we’ve definitely been able to now pod off a little bit more um, where for us every week we have a companywide meeting essentially.

Eddy Chiang

To give general updates so everybody knows exactly what every single department is doing um and also can offer help. We have a lot of engineers that are also passionate about marketing and a lot of business development specialists that are really passionate about the engineering side and and talking about what the customer’s needs are so. Have weekly meetings there um all the way to each cofounder. So we’re co-founding team of 4 um, all 4 of us will lead 1 leads product 1 leaves sales 1 leads ah supply chain and operations and then of course I lead the finance end as as well on top of the overall ah uching strategy for the company and. And as cofounders that’s really when each of the cofounders will will make sure everything’s on track. Um, and then we all all of us will come together. Ah weekly as well to talk about and make sure that all the cofounders can help each other in in terms of what the needs are um I think finally is especially. Difficulty has been transitioning from full remote into hybrid now I think we’re going to forever be hybrid. Um, at this point other than unless you’re building and manufacturing you definitely need to be there in perfect. Um, the the thing that we’ve actually really just struggled the most with is integrating friendships and culture. For us culture means a lot culture means even more than just being super smart. Um and being really good at your job. We believe that if you have the right culture and the right passions for clean tech for evs that you will figure out. Um, any problem and and help and really work on a good solution. Um, if any problems pop up. So so for us.

Eddy Chiang

Um, we’ve really started finding okay well the engineers go in 80 % 90% of the time they’re like all best friends and they all hang out every day after work as well. But it’s really difficult for let’s say our business development team to to develop those relationships because they are at home. Um, they’re working remote and it’s sometimes difficult to just. Ah, hop on a call and and just work together and and banter about what they’re doing on the weekend or or how their families are doing so um for us, we’ve been. That’s the thing that has been the most difficult part about building going from that 15 to 30 turrp transition and we’re definitely still learning. But. Um, they’re definitely better ways for us. Um to have everybody integrate better such as monthly socials that we have we we all work out together. Essentially 3 times a week um either through pretty much through Zoom. So no matter if you’re at home or if you’re in the office.

Eddy Chiang

We all do yoga yoga together hit exercises together and then we all have a ton of socials as well to make sure that the entire team is integrated um during work time for example literally today we were all volunteering tearing at the food stash to help with our community and making sure that everybody in Vancouver is fed.

Eddy Chiang

Or not everybody but many of the families out there that that need the help are fed which has been really great in terms of building the culture and and just have making sure that everybody works together and have honest, um and open conversations about personal life but also about work as well.

James McWalter

Yeah, it’s such a tough kind of set of transitions around you remote fully remote hybrid fully onsite um people who’ve listened to about gotten past know I was remote for about 6 years but with the current startup we’re making sure that we’re hybrid from the beginning. Um, and in essence we have. Thursday everybody’s in the office we can all at least have a lunch together. Um to try to you know as you’re as you’re saying like build some of those motions build some those relationships and so on now we’re a very small team. We’re we’re just 4 or 5 people at the moment. Um, but as we grow you know.

Eddy Chiang

That is.

James McWalter

Michael over and I we we already start to think a little bit about how to make sure that we’re maintaining that because it’s great to give people’s you know flexibility. It’s it’s super important. People have learned to expect certain types of flexibility and I think that’s a net positive for the team. You’re building and and team culture. But it really um, a lot of companies I think.

Eddy Chiang

Um, that was.

James McWalter

Unless they’re incredibly incredibly thoughtful about their kind of remote forward culture will struggle I think to to adapt and to move fast enough because if you kind of end up at too early a stage in these kind of constant back andfors trying to make any small decision. Um, you just get slow and the all really startups have at the early stages of speed.

Eddy Chiang

Exactly.

James McWalter

Um, so I love the fact that you guys are are kind of iterating on those I think there’s a lot of like cool tips in there. Um, but 1 thing you you did mention a couple times is your building in Vancouver and actually first big failed startup by Hadch was a space in Vancouver and.

Eddy Chiang

That.

James McWalter

Actually ah was my brother and I and another friend we were working on a 2 wo-sided fitness marketplace back in 16 and we also tried to raise capital in Vancouver and found it. Um incredibly difficult unless you literally had a gold mine or an oil. Ah.

Eddy Chiang

Go up.

James McWalter

Type something that was kind of extractive. That’s where all the kind of angels had gotten their money. So how how were you finding? Um, you building a tech company in Vancouver and the pros and cons of that. Yeah.

Eddy Chiang

Um, yeah.

Eddy Chiang

Yeah, good question I think let’s we can go over the pros first I think the pros are um, one is you have incredible talents here and. And honestly the the startup culture is just building in Vancouver I think it’s come a long way even over the past three years that we’ve really built out a company of typically people would talk about toronto as the startup hub or Montreal. Um, so for us I think they’re an advantage of that of. Building company in in ah growing and budding startup location. It’s where essentially there are so many new grads senior um engineers as well that just so many people who are starved and and really want to have positive impact um on the environment. Ah, rather than you know like you were kind of saying working for an oil gas company or a mining company and they really want to help with the environment as well. Um, so for us, we’ve been able to hire extremely talented, extremely technical extremely just passionate about. Positive social and environmental impact individuals um into our team. We’re extremely proud of every single person on on our team about that. Especially um, what? what? and also it’s really great to live in an area. Um, which has great hikes. So for us. We go on.

Eddy Chiang

Literally four five day for night hikes or overnight hikes with the team as well and um and I can teach our team snowboarding and and gabe our cto ah teaches our our company how to ski as well and it really just helps with culture building and and building of a clean tech company and enjoying mother nature. And and really just keeping us focused on hey this is exactly what we’re trying to save and we’re trying to make sure that what we have now is and how beautiful it it is um that we can sustain that. Um so that really helps with the culture building but ah on the negative side is you’re absolutely right um. Um, in canadata in particular, um, but Vancouver has really exacerbated. This is. There’s currently ah I believe point 5% vacancy rate in industrial areas. So unfortunately every clean tech company. There’s typically a little bit of a hardware component there. Um, so you need space you need space to build and it has been extremely difficult to find not just space but even affordable space. Um, um to work in and that’s what makes it extremely difficult and of course compared to the Us. Um Canada has a lot or not well. Provinces in particular um, aren’t even legally allowed to give as much incentives for a business to come out. Ah so to to come out and and and set up shop here mainly because of just um and it makes sense. Um, ethical legislation where.

Eddy Chiang

Provinces aren’t actually allowed to just give out cash and incentives to companies to to set up shop here. But unfortunately for cat and the ecosystem here is that in the states they are um, like literally the the state of Tennessee would give you know ah tens of millions of dollars to to startups to set up manufacturing down there. Um, so that’s what we have to compete with and that’s the same with fundraising at the same time. Yeah, you’re totally right fundraising in and Vancouver it’s extremely difficult unless you’re in a particular industry. Um, and toronto is a little bit easier but it’s still pretty difficult compared to the us and the us. Um.

Eddy Chiang

Definitely they have that systems in place to make it a lot easier for startups to find a raise down there which we definitely are improving on and even I’m seeing governments including British Columbia is improving on in terms of investment wise and trying to incentiv vi. But. Incentivized investments and um, hopefully we continue down this track so that we can at least stay somewhat competitive to what’s going on down south.

James McWalter

Absolutely and I think yeah, even um, the last summer was up in in Vancouver last year you could see the the the energy and the growth was there and in a way that definitely hadn’t been there in the same way in 162 um

James McWalter

But Edward this has been brilliant really enjoyed learning about moment before you leave off is there anything I should have asked you about but did not.

Eddy Chiang

Yeah, yeah, ah good question. Um, yeah I mean for for us in terms of um I would actually say maybe like 1 of my greatest learnings I’d like to share in general. Um, about starting this whole process. Um, and also for anybody who’s listening and who’s thinking about starting their own clean tech company or their own business in general is is really focused on team. Um I think for us. Hopefully it’s come across where we really value culture and we really value the people we work with to make sure that everybody. Um, really cares about the mission and cares about each other as just humans we don’t want people to um so you know ah we we don’t really believe in that work yourself to death ah type mindset. We really believe in mental health I think it has to do with our first startup where we really care about mental health. Um. So for us I would say that you make sure that um you are able to find cofounders build a team that really fits within your culture and go with your gut when you’re building that out.

James McWalter

Of that. Um, thank you Edward.

Eddy Chiang

That Thank you so much.

Revenue-based financing – E117

Great to chat with Dimitry Gershenson, Co-founder and CEO at Enduring Planet, Enduring Planet offers rapid financing for Climate Entrepreneurs without dilution, personal guarantees, or collateral! We discussed revenue-based financing, the pros and cons of that compared to other forms of financing, how easy is the process like and more!

https://carbotnic.com/enduringplanet

Download Podcast Here: https://plinkhq.com/i/1518148418

Calculator: https://enduringplanet.com/resources/calculator 

Remember, If you want to support the podcast please rate and review 5 stars on  Apple, Thanks so much! 

James

The unedited podcast transcript is below

James McWalter

Hello today we’re speaking with Dmitry Gershenson co-founder and Ceo at Enduring Planet welcome to the podcast Dimitry great to start. Could you tell us a little bit about enduring planet.

Dimitry Gershenson

Thanks so much for having me James.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure we provide fast flexible and founder friendly credit products to small businesses and startups that are working to address the climate crisis. So today we offer 2 Non-dilluted funding instruments 1 is a revenuebased financing product for sort of early revenue companies typically in they’ll like you know call it sub ten million a year in revenue range and then we also recently launched a new product to help folks. Ah, bridge the often long timing delays and state or federal grant funding in climate. So we’ll we’ll advance capital against you know state or federal grant funds that have been announced without necessarily dispersed and over time we’ll be adding additional.

Dimitry Gershenson

Credit products. We want to really have a full suite of non dilutive financing options for climate entrepreneurs from basically inception to Ipo.

James McWalter

What And what drove the initial decision to start enduring planet and.

Dimitry Gershenson

Oh man. Ah I think this has been a really long time coming for my co-founder and I we’ve both worked in in climate and catalytic finance. In fact, investing and credit kind of all the things that touch our work today. We’ve been. Doing those things independently for give or take a decade each and I had an opportunity to build a startup out of a venture studio last year a group called during ventures that I’d been working with for a little while and. Sort of presented me this opportunity and I I think I’d always really wanted to build this this business. The the capital gap in climate is is not nearly as often discussed as some of the other elements of the crisis right? So folks talk a lot about carbon removal They talk a lot about carbon offsets they talk a lot about you know tech that needs to be built etc. But I feel like the money side of the problem is not as sexy. That’s fine, but we need about five trillion a year in investment to actually get to two degree c we. Last by last count. It was like less than seven hundred billion that was invested so that’s an almost eight x increase that’s required and the credit side of that capital stack is dramatically like under. It’s just it’s just not happening and so weed up.

Dimitry Gershenson

Whole host of creative flexible like founder Friendly capital instruments in order for this transition to happen in a way that like reduces harm to you know, vulnerable people and really everyone and so we wanted to put a dent in that.

James McWalter

And as you’re thinking through like this scope and scale the problem and yeah, immediately when I hear trillions right? like these are exciting big Tam numbers and so on how do you start to think through what the you know the first set of customers might look like who should you service right? because.

James McWalter

You know it’s always the difficulty when you have these very very large opportunities. It’s like what is our kind of wedge into that opportunity and.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure? Yeah I think it for us. You know we started with this kind of early revenue buckets or revenue based financing was our first product it in many ways was an ideal first product because it lends itself. Best to automation. Um. You you sort of if you look at the historical kind of alternative financing alternative credit landscape. There’s a lot of rbf lenders in ecommerce and saas and we thought the model would actually apply really well in the context of climate and it would also allow us to. Explore lending to both startups and small businesses which have very unique. They’re often look very different both in terms of the revenue trajectory but also in terms of the systems they use how they manage their accounting etc like there’s there’s a lot of what’s the word I’m looking for There’s just a lot of variability and so the revenue based financing was kind of an an attractive entry point and that meant that you know because we’re sort of on the initial portfolio we have ah a higher end cap on how much money we’re willing to put into any individual company because we don’t want to get overexposed and so. What that means is that we sort of artificially limited our initial customer pool to this sort of folks who have you know north of half a million in trailing twelve month revenue but less than call it 5 to 10000000 in trailing twelve month revenue and

James McWalter

Ah, yeah, yeah.

James McWalter

Yeah, and I’d love to just kind of get into some of the specifics around revenue-based financing you know I think a lot of the listeners will be familiar with traditional venture. They’ll be yeah familiar with even a lot of startups have founded themselves just with.

Dimitry Gershenson

Yeah, go ahead.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure.

James McWalter

Too many credit cards or you know, ah kind of ah a quick personal loan. Whatever it is just to get something up and running and there’s been a kind of growth in revenue financing one of the big companies pipe and some of these folks have kind of emerged in the last few years so yeah so I’d love to kind of just you know understand a little bit more about revenue financing as a model and. You know the pros and cons of that compared to some other you know, maybe more common forms of financing and.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure so I think maybe at first you got to split the capital available to entrepreneurs into two buckets diluted versus not so dilutive instruments. That’s you know your equity. Um, some debt can also be diluted because it has warrants or conversion principles that you have to sort of account for um, but that’s that bucket and then in the non-d diluto bucket. You have grants and you have debt those are the only types of capital there are and revenue based financing is a type of debt. It’s just not structured the way that. Think what most folks think of when they think debt base sort of imagine term loans where you sort of pay interest. You have principal payments if you miss payments you’re in default and gets really painful. Well revenue based financing takes a different approach to lending and so. In in our case, we provide a company capital and they give us a fixed percentage of revenue for an estimated term that allows us to like hit our our target returns we actually publish our term sheet on our website. So anybody who is interested in our capital can actually see. All of the dynamics of the product before they even apply. Um, and you know typically we’re lending sort of like less than half a million on the first go around that number will go up next year once we have a larger capital facility ourselves. But today we’re lending up to half a million

Dimitry Gershenson

Generally in exchange for anywhere from like 3 to 7% of top line revenue and typically it’s on like an estimated two year term. So now that capital that comes with with no collateral requirements. No personal guarantee requirements. There are no warrants. There’s no conversion There’s no complicated covenants. It’s like really simple, really fast. It’s you know is it more expensive than a traditional bank loan sure but the bank you know will take your personal. Assets as collateral in case, there’s a default and so if your business goes down the toilet your house is going with it and in our case, we will. We will never do that.

James McWalter

Right? And and even you know even besides those folks who have a house to to lose you know often Banks just won’t engage in technical startups Anyways, right? because they won’t really they already have the prism of what the kind of assets that those kind of companies are building until they’re quite large.

Dimitry Gershenson

That’s right, That’s right.

Dimitry Gershenson

Yeah I mean I think in general banks won’t lend unless there’s yeah 3 years of trailing revenue history. There’s a lot of collateral and even then they still want a personal guarantee and often those.

James McWalter

Have yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

Multiple factors are like very difficult for a startup or a small business to achieve because even if you’re like you can be profitable and have a lot of history of of performance. But if you go to a bank and you have no collateral on your business balance sheet that you can put up in in order to secure the loan. They generally won’t do it unless you’re very large.

James McWalter

And as I think about yeah, where revenue-based financing might be suitable or not I’d imagine you you have both the type of company in terms of you know what? what’s their product and you know are they climate of course and not E to your your business but then also the business model of the company itself you know are there more.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah.

James McWalter

Are some business models more suitable for this kind of financing than others right.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure, yeah, so for for revenue based financing. We typically look at one of sort of 4 models. 1 is pure software so typically Sas another is small. Or smaller hardware where there’s like a higher frequency of purchase and so there’s consistent growing revenue over time and there’s typically higher gross margins because we generally want to see about ah ah at least a 35% gross margin in order for us to do our behalf. Um.

Dimitry Gershenson

We’ll look at recurring services businesses or or services businesses with repeat purchases where maybe they don’t have a long-term contract but the same customers keep coming back and showing that there’s like repeat value and then we’ll also look at a hybrid model of any one of those 3 and so we. You know we kind of push the boundaries of where people historically have applied revenue based financing I think if you look at most of the other alternative finance players in the market they generally stick to saas some of them will do recurring services most of them won’t do hardware and and I think you know to some degree that’s been driven by. A lot of assumptions and sort of concerns about macro risks that in our case, we think climate creates a very unique sort of market opportunity where demand. At ah at a market level from consumers, enterprises, corporates, governments, etc. We kind of only go in one direction and there’s a lot of secondary factors that drive positive trends in the market including you know government incentives things like the ira etc which like don’t. Necessarily exist if you lend across Saas or if you lend an ecommerce and so that’s why we’re we’re comfortable, kind of pushing the bounds and and testing this model out with with businesses that often don’t look like what others will necessarily revenue base finance.

James McWalter

Exactly.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, you know with our grant advance products we those restrictions don’t apply. We’re very comfortable advancing against grants regardless of the business model as long as it’s in climate and those grants are coming from State or federal sources.

James McWalter

And and just on that I actually have a little bit of personal experience. Um on you know the grant problem so a few years ago. A good friend of mine was involved in an arpe e soil carbon grant it was a 7 figure Grant and they wouldn’t get it for nine months and so they you know are trying to take this particular type of so science and and convert it it into a product right? that is something they can build. It was a piece of hardware. Um, and they had to raise and they went out and they raised a seed and basically it was a very um derisk seed from the seed. Investor’s point of view right.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah.

James McWalter

Could literally point to there’s going to be a couple million dollars coming into this company in nine months but they needed working capital right? because they didn’t you know the government was slower than startups right? So they needed to kind of get ahead. Want to start building the prototype and all that kind of thing. Um, and so I guess like compared to the type of work that you’re doing.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, right.

James McWalter

Um, you’re eliminating that early dilution if you if you can avoid it at all.

Dimitry Gershenson

Oh yeah I mean it’s this is like a very common refrain that we hear is that folks will you know they’ll win a Doe Grant Usda grant california energy commission niceerta you name it, you pick an agency and most of them will tell you you’re getting the money. Somewhere in that 6 to nine month range before they actually start reimbursing you for expenses against the grant and that time is really painful and to your point folks will often go and raise equity. Which at that stage is incredibly expensive capital I mean it’s like 10 x more expensive than I think our grand advance on an effective irr basis because folks are you know they’re often getting sort of presee or see prices and they’re expecting a I don’t know hundred x return if they’re vtting at that stage. And so our our terms are very very different and in many ways we’re offering folks a product that I don’t I don’t think anybody else offers today and we’re pretty excited about the response we’re getting from the market.

James McWalter

Why do why? doesn’t it exist. It is actually shocking when because I saw ah you mentioned this you know I follow you of course on Twitter and um I think it was only a few weeks ago when when this is announced and I was like of course like like I literally had this conversation with my friend who was going through this whole thing about a year and a half ago and it never even.

Dimitry Gershenson

Right.

James McWalter

Kind of occurred to us that there was somebody who was doing an upfront loan like immediately both of our minds went to venture right? like that was the default because we didn’t even consider it but it seems just with the amount of money not just in the United States but around the world going into various grant programs. Not just for climate. But for ah other kind of applications.

Dimitry Gershenson

Right.

James McWalter

You know it’s surprising when you have literally a commitment of capital from the government in a sub one year period that no ah other financial institution has taken advantage to that.

Dimitry Gershenson

I I agree we’ve seen we’ve seen sort of boutique Lenders. Do this in limited context but and and and there are folks who do this with certain um tax incentives. So Like. There’s a group that that advances against R and D Tax credits that we’ve seen. But yeah, we’ve never we’ve never seen folks doing this at scale lending against state or Federal Grant funds especially in climate and so yeah I mean look the the opportunity is so vague that. I I would be I would welcome A many folks doesn’t want to come in and do this I think just in the Us It’s north at 30000000000 a year in funds that are dispersed through these mechanisms based on you know our conversations with folks who write these grants manage these grants et cetera and that’s ah, that’s a pretty.

James McWalter

Structure.

Dimitry Gershenson

Large amount.

James McWalter

And you know you have these 2 products now out what does it take to get a financial product live right? It’s you know finance I think it can be often complex people or at least from the outside you hear words like underwriting and like all these different things. You know what What’s the process from going to like. You know, look. We have this c climate round advance just because I’m naming it because it’s the more recent innovation but going from that as an idea through to it going live you know who are the kinds of people that you either have to have your your team or consult with to get to that stage.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

So that’s a good question I think there’s a lot of pieces to this right one is that you need to actually have the permission to lend. So maybe we’ll start with compliance. You know these aren’t necessarily in in this order but these are like the key pillars right? so.

James McWalter

And.

Dimitry Gershenson

Need to be able to lend in a lot of the us commercial lending isn’t super regulated as long as you have like a signed contract in place most states allow business to be into business lending without much regulation. There are exceptions the state of California is one. We’re a licensed lender in the state of California that process took a long time is like a very long and painful process which ah it was just under a year I think um.

James McWalter

Yeah, are we saying over year or like just what’s long.

Dimitry Gershenson

Maybe a little less than that. Um, the thing is like you know it kind of depends on where you’re at you can you can technically do 1 or 2 loans in California business to business before you apply for your lending license and if you’ve done transactions. Ah, process is actually longer because they they sort of dig into those as well as the track record of the people who own the business. The people who run the business etc. There’s like a very large amount of diligence that’s done by the ah you know the sort of financial protection agency there. Um, so that’s compliance 2 you you know you need a team that can actually do underwriting who can understand sort of risk in ah in the context of credit who can understand where can a transaction break down with the grant advance. We spent a bit of time talking to um.

Dimitry Gershenson

I Mean one we sort of structured it internally and then we talked to a number of experts externally to sort of nail down the dynamics of the product because there’s there’s a lot of intentionality behind how the fees are charged and when and and sort of how the structure works and then um, you know you have to do ah a pilot transaction.

Dimitry Gershenson

Typically with capital off your balance sheets. You have to take some personal Well personal corporate risk to prove that the product is investible, um and and then you know if you have an outside credit facility. Ah you know or an outside fund or whatever where you have.

James McWalter

Yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

External investors you have to convince them that that this is a product worth investing with under the mandate that you already have and so in our case, you know we we did 2 pilot deals and then we went to our investors for our first debt facility and we said hey we’d like to incorporate this product into our lending and they all. It’s unanimously approved and then and then we rolled it out. Um, so you know I I would say it was like ah at least a six month process from kind of start to making it public. Um, but there was actually quite a lot of work that happened before that.

Dimitry Gershenson

Where you know we we sort of understood the market. We did the homework we talked to entrepreneurs we tried to understand sort of where people where people’s comforts levels are around pricing and structure and what they what do they actually need in this product and you know frankly I wouldn’t be surprised if in six nine twelve months our grant advance looks very different.

James McWalter

But.

James McWalter

I and I guess that kind of goes to this quarithos I was reading on your website like 1 of the values of during planet is to be very kind of founder first and this is something.

Dimitry Gershenson

And it does today because we’re constantly getting feedback on how we can improve it.

James McWalter

That you know but bo you and I we have raised venture for our our current startups and a lot of people in the venture side right? Everyone’s founder first right? Um, so I guess how do you about you know, making sure that that value is kind of en shr in yeah, the products in the company you’re building.

Dimitry Gershenson

Yeah, yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

So we I mean we think about the the sort of the impact on on founders and and teams at every step of that sort of customer experience. So one is we have I would say pretty radical transparency when it comes to how we lend and. And what our instruments look like and what the process will look like with revenue based financing. We even built a tool that allows folks to estimate how much money they could raise from us before they even apply they don’t have to like sign up for any marketing. They don’t have to do anything weird. They can just play around with a calculator. Um. We also make the application itself very short and very simple so it takes about 10 minutes to apply for funding with us. It’s I would argue pretty effortless and then we also you know, spend a lot of time thinking about. How we communicate and negotiate throughout the the actual loan process. So once somebody’s applied generally they can expect to see a term she you within a week which is pretty fast that and that time is going to get much shorter as we sort of enshrine some of the automation we’ve been building over the last twelve months and we also are very clear about what we’re looking for and what we need and what’s missing I think a lot of the time you know as you and I probably both experienced raising money when you raise from vcs there is no incentive for good communication and.

Dimitry Gershenson

What it means is that often you will pitch someone and this won’t follow up or they’ll follow up at a random time or they’ll wait for you to get a lead or like you know they might turn you down but they won’t tell you why there’s like all these things that happen when you’re raising venture. Where in our case, we just don’t do that. So if you if you are not a fitter for our financing. We tell you exactly why we set up check-ins to make sure that we are aware of when you hit the mostones that we need to see for you to be sort of investible and like you know we we spend a lot of time. Making sure that founders have a good experience raising money from us and then beyond that we’ve built a pretty robust network like a pretty pretty big community of folks that bring additional value to the companies that we engage with even if they’re not our portfolio Businesses. So.

James McWalter

Yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

We have a network of over two hundred and fifty vcs so we shared deal flow with and we will connect founders to those vcs whether their portfolio companies ours or not obviously the referral looks different if it’s somebody. We’re invested in but we’re we’re very open to make the introductions and.

Dimitry Gershenson

We’ve also have a network like I think close to 40 partners now that offer discounted services to climate entrepreneurs around pitch Deck design. Yeah fractional cfo bookkeeping and accounting Grant writing you name it. We probably have a resource for you and we’re very Like. We’re not shy about sharing those resources in in our mind climate entrepreneurs should have capital to build the solutions that they’re building at the pace that they are able to absorb that capital whether it’s our money or not because the the world’s on fire.

James McWalter

You Ah absolutely and within that though you also have ah which you might be finding. Ah you know non-climate companies. Did they ever approach you because.

Dimitry Gershenson

We don’t have time to fuck around.

James McWalter

1 of the things we are having um in my own company is. We’ve had some data centers and I won’t get into details of of our own product and my kind of day job startup. But yeah, we had data centers and you know cannabis farms and all these kind of things um, try to use our product and.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure.

James McWalter

Um, I’m like oh do use renewable energy right? I Do you have some sort of climate peace and and they don’t and so in that case, we actually don’t We won’t work with them as customers um have you had anybody come in and you know say hey you know this this house sounds great. But yeah, we’re not really doing anything in the climate you know, will you make an exception and I guess how do you evaluate that? yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

Ah, we you know it’s interesting. So our our application form sort of limits. People’s ability to apply unless they can define a climate narrative if if. If we don’t see it. We’ll often. That’s the first check is like hey can you help us understand how you are driving impact around the climate crisis we’re we’re pretty flexible with our definition of what’s sort of in scope or not as long as we see a path towards reducing emissions. Removing carbon out of the atmosphere or supporting adaptation and resilience we’re we’re pretty flexible. Um, and we’ve had to turn companies down in the past that don’t have a strong enough climate story we had at 1 point a business applied that was doing sort of oh god what was it? ah. Like a marketplace for beach related products I think and you know like I get that that sort of coral reefs are threatened as a result of climate change I get that. Um you know, obviously like people’s ability to enjoy the beach. It. Might be impacted by climate change. But if they come to us and said hey you know all the products we sell are 0 carbon and they’re all like friendly towards its coral reef restoration and that’s like a core ethos then they would have been in scope. But if they but because they don’t have that.

Dimitry Gershenson

That to us was not a strong enough link for us to fund So We we spend you know most most of the deals we’d see are very much in scope and we you know we’ll spend time to understand those edge cases so that we can make sure we’re not missing opportunities but also to make sure that we’re like staying true to our mission. Which is to be investing in the space.

James McWalter

And one of the things you kind of mentioned a little bit earlier is you know, being quite public and transparent and you know a lot of folks. Not that many I would say on average but like there’s more and more folks who are what they call building in public right? being very open about their process being very open on their steps.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah.

26:01.26

James McWalter

Actually you’ve gone to you know a very high degree of this because I know you had a Techcrunch review your a pitch deck and so just and which I read with great interest a few months ago when I came out and I’m sure it’s been really beneficial to a lot of folks to kind of see you know how like you know, basically it’s a critique of your pitch deck.

Dimitry Gershenson

That’s right.

James McWalter

Even though it’s successful in in raising money. It still kind of demystifies. A lot of these elements and so yeah I guess was building in public like this very kind of conscious decision and I guess what are the pros and cons of you know building in that kind of way right.

Dimitry Gershenson

Yeah, yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

You know I don’t know if we take it to the same degree that I’ve seen other folks do I know there are companies who like make their all their ah financials public through there’s like a service that can sort of link into your banking and accounting and like publish core metrics and um.

Dimitry Gershenson

We don’t We. Don’t go that far I think for us we we feel very strongly about our role as a kind of enabling community-driven player in this ecosystem and whether it’s our capital our network our lessons. We want those things to be available to entrepreneurs who are you know building solutions for climate and I think that in some ways it almost feels like it’s not a choice because the stakes are so high. And I don’t think it actually generally benefits anyone to be super like closed off in this process. The the market is insanely huge. The opportunity is is just so Vast. It’s almost incomprehensible. And so you know even if somebody showed up tomorrow doing what we do I I like I wouldn’t even be worried about I’d want to help them build their business so that we could put more more money in the hands of climate Entrepreneurs. So I think you know one of the things that is has helped us is that it.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sort of cements this brand and and shows people that we’re like we’re we’re not um, we’re We’re not our goal is not to be an extractive actor in this ecosystem but it’s to contribute and to be part of a community and to.

Dimitry Gershenson

Help other people be successful and you know just today somebody approached us for funding and we talked about their model and I was like you shouldn’t take our money like there’s better money for you out. There. Let me connect you to the people who can provide you capital. That’s more aligned with the needs of your business like we could probably make it work but but then it just It’s like not the right capital. It’s not the right structure for what you’re trying to build and I think folks should have the conversations more often like I would love to see vcs who when somebody pitches them for funding. They say oh you’re trying to raise 3000000 but you’re planning to spend 1000000 of that on marketing like.

James McWalter

Now are.

Dimitry Gershenson

Why don’t you just raise 2 and then I’ll help you find some revenue based financing for that extra million so that you’re not taking on crazy expensive dilut of capital to find your business instead. They general like oh cool, more allocation like I’ll take it. But I think if we all sort of took that alternate position I think we would. I’ll be better off.

James McWalter

Yeah, it’s so interesting I mean first on the kind of competitive point. It’s one of the wonderful aspects of being in the climate space is that how helpful everybody is and you know I’ve taken calls with competitors. You know I’ve I’ve been helpful where I can and being very open to like.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah.

James McWalter

You know, disqualifying potential users. You know if they’re not very core right? So that they can get value elsewhere is is kind of super important and you know and we kind of touch upon at the beginning and I’ve talked I think actually think to 1 or 2 um vcs I’ve had on the podcast in the the past about how there definitely is this lack. Are nearly like a missing middle of financing right? and it’s actually come up more on the project financing side where somebody’s trying to build some piece of infrastructure and they’re using you know venture-backed capital to like build something that is just incredibly expensive, right? You think about like something like a vertical farm right?? um.

Dimitry Gershenson

Event.

Dimitry Gershenson

Jeff.

James McWalter

If you’re building a vertical farm you’re building physical assets in the real world Now you might want to raise venture for your technical team and your software team to manage you know some sort of software that does a certain type of lighting and all this kind of thing but the physical hardware and the physical real estate. Um, it’s very very expensive to use equity-based.

James McWalter

Ah, financing for that and I think a lot of it’s just been you know founders have been exposed and or haven’t been the products and available to actually say okay I’m going to have a slightly more complex Capital Stack. You know 40% of it’s going to be in this bucket 30% in this bucket in the in this other bucket. Um up to now like. I Don’t think people thought in terms of like okay I might have to have a slight more complexity in order to kind of maximize the value and make sure the right book is a capital are being used for the right things.

Dimitry Gershenson

Absolutely you know it’s it’s always really interesting to me when companies spend a lot of time optimizing for their technical stack or their like organizational structure or their yeah, whatever it may be but then when they think about capital they have like a very simplistic view on what’s available how it should be used when it should be raised I can’t tell you the number of times I’ve talked to a founder and I said hey you know we think you’d be a good fit for this product and they’re like oh it’s okay, I’m I’m I’m raising venture right now and I’m like okay, but. You do know that the cost of that bench capital is like 5 x higher than what we’re what we’re offering what any like really anybody would offer for this particular use case and I think you know I think it’s okay, like it’s not It’s not founder’s fault that. In this position I think there’s a lot of sort of weird dogmatic narrative especially in the venture back startup community where like it’s like venture and venture debt. Those are the 2 products that people know and and like venture debt is this kind of like weird instrument that people sort of sometimes talk about but really, it’s about venture and you you know you you raised when you have 6 to nine months of runway and. That’s kind of like the model and it’s it’s it’s actually not geared towards the best outcomes for founders and their teams. It’s that those types of models are way more beneficial to investors who can secure greater allocation greater ownership greater control and so like.

Dimitry Gershenson

There’s nothing wrong with bench capital. You know we’re venturebacked we we have so we we love the folks that invested in us. They’ve been incredibly value additive to our process and like we’re raising around now you know there there is a role for bench capital to play but also. If we funded our entire loan book with venture capital we I don’t like I don’t know if it would even be possible like people just wouldn’t give us the money to do that. Um, and it and we would have to kind of be so be smaller and and still have to grow grow fast if it just be like a total mass and so I think that. Um, one of the things that’s been really exciting over the last few years in climate is that there’s this emergence and sort of explosion of creative financing that is slowly becoming available across the whole sort of gamut of need right? So both on the corporate and. Project finance universe um, but there’s still a lot of gaps I mean look man. You know we talked about the the $5000000000000 gap like a lot of that is actually not because money is available and it’s just not flowing. It’s that like the the products don’t necessarily even exist in the ecosystem they may exist elsewhere in in capital markets. But they’re not being applied to climate for you know, 1 reason or another and so we see a lot of opportunity there and I think other folks are starting to sort of wake up to that as well is that hey if we’re gonna if we’re actually going to try to keep us the two degree. C.

Dimitry Gershenson

And insane amount of money needs to flow into the space and it has to look very different than what it looks like today.

James McWalter

Yeah, and personally you know I think one of the big bright spots in the economy right now is everything to do with climate clean energy in particular with you know and some of the kind of carbon sequestration parts that Ira is funding or helping to ah yeah, yeah, kind of firear means that. You have a ton of traction and growth happening with certain companies but evaluations have been crushed because of the broader market. You know, maybe it’d be nice to be able to delay fundraising and that six to nine months right and so revenue-based financing enables that and it’s actually honestly something we’ll probably you know deeply consider next year we’re kind of running off to our own kind of next round and it’s great to have that as an option.

James McWalter

And again, you know the right tool for the right use and so you still kind of think through all the different options. Um, but you know we’re you’re talking a lot about kind of the opportunities on the financing Side. You’re being exposed to a lot of different types of climate companies doing a lot of cool things. What’s kind of getting you excited and also I guess where you wish there’s more innovation you know where are kind of some. Bots that are being you know I guess underutilized and smart entrepreneurs could kind of focus on it and say oh,, there’s actually a lot of kind of blue space in this particular area.

Dimitry Gershenson

So it’s funny I get this question a lot and I have like maybe the most disappointing answer I can possibly give I am so excited about all of it. We see we see companies every single day that span the gamut from.

James McWalter

That right.

Dimitry Gershenson

You know, really frontier crazy I don’t know refrigeration tack to like compost subscription businesses in major metropolitan areas and they’re equally exciting to me right? I I I see. There’s so much like innovation and growth even in this like small business space and for us the things that matter are like are you did you have you found a customer and is it working right? like like. You know we look at the financial performance of the business. Not necessarily how many tons is it going to eliminate. Not you know um, like how how exciting is the Tam. We’re like oh are you selling a thing are you are you. Doing better this year than you were last year are your are your margins. They’re cool. We can do revenue based financing or oh hey, are you did you win a big grant and you don’t want to wait like cool. We can advance against that grant and I I think for us what What’s awesome is that there’s this really incredible. Universe of entrepreneurs that are building these solutions that come from all sorts of places and all sorts of backgrounds. We prioritize investing in underrepresented founders endeavors teams and I’m proud to say that I think 80% of our portfolio conforms to our like dei criteria and.

Dimitry Gershenson

And think so a similar percentage of our sort of forward looking pipeline does and I’m just like stok to to back these people to build all sorts of different solutions from compostable diapers to you know power system Management hardware and software that. That supports grade resiliency in disasters like those those things are comparable to me in terms of excitement is that Weird. Ah.

James McWalter

And it’s it’s not and and honest see I mean well let’s that’s the inspirational bit right? like there’s there’s a role for everyone. You know, take take the pie take the things you know right? like look around the the problems you see and there’s tons of opportunities. Um, but Demetri just been brilliant. Really enjoyed it before we live. Leave off is there anything I should have asked you about but did not.

Dimitry Gershenson 

Ah, yeah, it’s a good question I mean I think maybe just to say like if people want our kind of capital where should they go. They should go to enduring planet dot com and they can just click apply now and. Put an application takes 10 minutes and they get a termm sheet in a week so if you want some founder friendly flexible, fast non diluted financing. You know where to find us.

James McWalter

Yeah, and we’re going to include in particular the link to the calculator because I think that’s a great first step when I was trying to get ah get a handle. It’s like oh this this is exactly you know you put in your a you know your monthly revenue you put in a couple other numbers and all of a sudden. It’s like okay this is the kind of range I could potentially.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah, excellent.

Dimitry Gershenson

Or yeah, perfect love that. Thank you so much you too.

James McWalter

Um, utilize and it makes a ton of sense.

James McWalter

Well thank you Dimitry Gershenson is progression.

Title: Revenue-based financing – E117

Great to chat with Dimitry Gershenson, Co-founder and CEO at Enduring Planet, Enduring Planet offers rapid financing for Climate Entrepreneurs without dilution, personal guarantees, or collateral! We discussed revenue-based financing, the pros and cons of that compared to other forms of financing, how easy is the process like and more!

https://carbotnic.com/enduringplanet

Download Podcast Here: https://plinkhq.com/i/1518148418

Calculator: https://enduringplanet.com/resources/calculator 

Remember, If you want to support the podcast please rate and review 5 stars on  Apple, Thanks so much! 

James

The unedited podcast transcript is below

James McWalter

Hello today we’re speaking with Dmitry Gershenson co-founder and Ceo at Enduring Planet welcome to the podcast Dimitry great to start. Could you tell us a little bit about enduring planet.

Dimitry Gershenson

Thanks so much for having me James.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure we provide fast flexible and founder friendly credit products to small businesses and startups that are working to address the climate crisis. So today we offer 2 Non-dilluted funding instruments 1 is a revenuebased financing product for sort of early revenue companies typically in they’ll like you know call it sub ten million a year in revenue range and then we also recently launched a new product to help folks. Ah, bridge the often long timing delays and state or federal grant funding in climate. So we’ll we’ll advance capital against you know state or federal grant funds that have been announced without necessarily dispersed and over time we’ll be adding additional.

Dimitry Gershenson

Credit products. We want to really have a full suite of non dilutive financing options for climate entrepreneurs from basically inception to Ipo.

James McWalter

What And what drove the initial decision to start enduring planet and.

Dimitry Gershenson

Oh man. Ah I think this has been a really long time coming for my co-founder and I we’ve both worked in in climate and catalytic finance. In fact, investing and credit kind of all the things that touch our work today. We’ve been. Doing those things independently for give or take a decade each and I had an opportunity to build a startup out of a venture studio last year a group called during ventures that I’d been working with for a little while and. Sort of presented me this opportunity and I I think I’d always really wanted to build this this business. The the capital gap in climate is is not nearly as often discussed as some of the other elements of the crisis right? So folks talk a lot about carbon removal They talk a lot about carbon offsets they talk a lot about you know tech that needs to be built etc. But I feel like the money side of the problem is not as sexy. That’s fine, but we need about five trillion a year in investment to actually get to two degree c we. Last by last count. It was like less than seven hundred billion that was invested so that’s an almost eight x increase that’s required and the credit side of that capital stack is dramatically like under. It’s just it’s just not happening and so weed up.

Dimitry Gershenson

Whole host of creative flexible like founder Friendly capital instruments in order for this transition to happen in a way that like reduces harm to you know, vulnerable people and really everyone and so we wanted to put a dent in that.

James McWalter

And as you’re thinking through like this scope and scale the problem and yeah, immediately when I hear trillions right? like these are exciting big Tam numbers and so on how do you start to think through what the you know the first set of customers might look like who should you service right? because.

James McWalter

You know it’s always the difficulty when you have these very very large opportunities. It’s like what is our kind of wedge into that opportunity and.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure? Yeah I think it for us. You know we started with this kind of early revenue buckets or revenue based financing was our first product it in many ways was an ideal first product because it lends itself. Best to automation. Um. You you sort of if you look at the historical kind of alternative financing alternative credit landscape. There’s a lot of rbf lenders in ecommerce and saas and we thought the model would actually apply really well in the context of climate and it would also allow us to. Explore lending to both startups and small businesses which have very unique. They’re often look very different both in terms of the revenue trajectory but also in terms of the systems they use how they manage their accounting etc like there’s there’s a lot of what’s the word I’m looking for There’s just a lot of variability and so the revenue based financing was kind of an an attractive entry point and that meant that you know because we’re sort of on the initial portfolio we have ah a higher end cap on how much money we’re willing to put into any individual company because we don’t want to get overexposed and so. What that means is that we sort of artificially limited our initial customer pool to this sort of folks who have you know north of half a million in trailing twelve month revenue but less than call it 5 to 10000000 in trailing twelve month revenue and

James McWalter

Ah, yeah, yeah.

James McWalter

Yeah, and I’d love to just kind of get into some of the specifics around revenue-based financing you know I think a lot of the listeners will be familiar with traditional venture. They’ll be yeah familiar with even a lot of startups have founded themselves just with.

Dimitry Gershenson

Yeah, go ahead.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure.

James McWalter

Too many credit cards or you know, ah kind of ah a quick personal loan. Whatever it is just to get something up and running and there’s been a kind of growth in revenue financing one of the big companies pipe and some of these folks have kind of emerged in the last few years so yeah so I’d love to kind of just you know understand a little bit more about revenue financing as a model and. You know the pros and cons of that compared to some other you know, maybe more common forms of financing and.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure so I think maybe at first you got to split the capital available to entrepreneurs into two buckets diluted versus not so dilutive instruments. That’s you know your equity. Um, some debt can also be diluted because it has warrants or conversion principles that you have to sort of account for um, but that’s that bucket and then in the non-d diluto bucket. You have grants and you have debt those are the only types of capital there are and revenue based financing is a type of debt. It’s just not structured the way that. Think what most folks think of when they think debt base sort of imagine term loans where you sort of pay interest. You have principal payments if you miss payments you’re in default and gets really painful. Well revenue based financing takes a different approach to lending and so. In in our case, we provide a company capital and they give us a fixed percentage of revenue for an estimated term that allows us to like hit our our target returns we actually publish our term sheet on our website. So anybody who is interested in our capital can actually see. All of the dynamics of the product before they even apply. Um, and you know typically we’re lending sort of like less than half a million on the first go around that number will go up next year once we have a larger capital facility ourselves. But today we’re lending up to half a million

Dimitry Gershenson

Generally in exchange for anywhere from like 3 to 7% of top line revenue and typically it’s on like an estimated two year term. So now that capital that comes with with no collateral requirements. No personal guarantee requirements. There are no warrants. There’s no conversion There’s no complicated covenants. It’s like really simple, really fast. It’s you know is it more expensive than a traditional bank loan sure but the bank you know will take your personal. Assets as collateral in case, there’s a default and so if your business goes down the toilet your house is going with it and in our case, we will. We will never do that.

James McWalter

Right? And and even you know even besides those folks who have a house to to lose you know often Banks just won’t engage in technical startups Anyways, right? because they won’t really they already have the prism of what the kind of assets that those kind of companies are building until they’re quite large.

Dimitry Gershenson

That’s right, That’s right.

Dimitry Gershenson

Yeah I mean I think in general banks won’t lend unless there’s yeah 3 years of trailing revenue history. There’s a lot of collateral and even then they still want a personal guarantee and often those.

James McWalter

Have yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

Multiple factors are like very difficult for a startup or a small business to achieve because even if you’re like you can be profitable and have a lot of history of of performance. But if you go to a bank and you have no collateral on your business balance sheet that you can put up in in order to secure the loan. They generally won’t do it unless you’re very large.

James McWalter

And as I think about yeah, where revenue-based financing might be suitable or not I’d imagine you you have both the type of company in terms of you know what? what’s their product and you know are they climate of course and not E to your your business but then also the business model of the company itself you know are there more.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah.

James McWalter

Are some business models more suitable for this kind of financing than others right.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure, yeah, so for for revenue based financing. We typically look at one of sort of 4 models. 1 is pure software so typically Sas another is small. Or smaller hardware where there’s like a higher frequency of purchase and so there’s consistent growing revenue over time and there’s typically higher gross margins because we generally want to see about ah ah at least a 35% gross margin in order for us to do our behalf. Um.

Dimitry Gershenson

We’ll look at recurring services businesses or or services businesses with repeat purchases where maybe they don’t have a long-term contract but the same customers keep coming back and showing that there’s like repeat value and then we’ll also look at a hybrid model of any one of those 3 and so we. You know we kind of push the boundaries of where people historically have applied revenue based financing I think if you look at most of the other alternative finance players in the market they generally stick to saas some of them will do recurring services most of them won’t do hardware and and I think you know to some degree that’s been driven by. A lot of assumptions and sort of concerns about macro risks that in our case, we think climate creates a very unique sort of market opportunity where demand. At ah at a market level from consumers, enterprises, corporates, governments, etc. We kind of only go in one direction and there’s a lot of secondary factors that drive positive trends in the market including you know government incentives things like the ira etc which like don’t. Necessarily exist if you lend across Saas or if you lend an ecommerce and so that’s why we’re we’re comfortable, kind of pushing the bounds and and testing this model out with with businesses that often don’t look like what others will necessarily revenue base finance.

James McWalter

Exactly.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, you know with our grant advance products we those restrictions don’t apply. We’re very comfortable advancing against grants regardless of the business model as long as it’s in climate and those grants are coming from State or federal sources.

James McWalter

And and just on that I actually have a little bit of personal experience. Um on you know the grant problem so a few years ago. A good friend of mine was involved in an arpe e soil carbon grant it was a 7 figure Grant and they wouldn’t get it for nine months and so they you know are trying to take this particular type of so science and and convert it it into a product right? that is something they can build. It was a piece of hardware. Um, and they had to raise and they went out and they raised a seed and basically it was a very um derisk seed from the seed. Investor’s point of view right.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah.

James McWalter

Could literally point to there’s going to be a couple million dollars coming into this company in nine months but they needed working capital right? because they didn’t you know the government was slower than startups right? So they needed to kind of get ahead. Want to start building the prototype and all that kind of thing. Um, and so I guess like compared to the type of work that you’re doing.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, right.

James McWalter

Um, you’re eliminating that early dilution if you if you can avoid it at all.

Dimitry Gershenson

Oh yeah I mean it’s this is like a very common refrain that we hear is that folks will you know they’ll win a Doe Grant Usda grant california energy commission niceerta you name it, you pick an agency and most of them will tell you you’re getting the money. Somewhere in that 6 to nine month range before they actually start reimbursing you for expenses against the grant and that time is really painful and to your point folks will often go and raise equity. Which at that stage is incredibly expensive capital I mean it’s like 10 x more expensive than I think our grand advance on an effective irr basis because folks are you know they’re often getting sort of presee or see prices and they’re expecting a I don’t know hundred x return if they’re vtting at that stage. And so our our terms are very very different and in many ways we’re offering folks a product that I don’t I don’t think anybody else offers today and we’re pretty excited about the response we’re getting from the market.

James McWalter

Why do why? doesn’t it exist. It is actually shocking when because I saw ah you mentioned this you know I follow you of course on Twitter and um I think it was only a few weeks ago when when this is announced and I was like of course like like I literally had this conversation with my friend who was going through this whole thing about a year and a half ago and it never even.

Dimitry Gershenson

Right.

James McWalter

Kind of occurred to us that there was somebody who was doing an upfront loan like immediately both of our minds went to venture right? like that was the default because we didn’t even consider it but it seems just with the amount of money not just in the United States but around the world going into various grant programs. Not just for climate. But for ah other kind of applications.

Dimitry Gershenson

Right.

James McWalter

You know it’s surprising when you have literally a commitment of capital from the government in a sub one year period that no ah other financial institution has taken advantage to that.

Dimitry Gershenson

I I agree we’ve seen we’ve seen sort of boutique Lenders. Do this in limited context but and and and there are folks who do this with certain um tax incentives. So Like. There’s a group that that advances against R and D Tax credits that we’ve seen. But yeah, we’ve never we’ve never seen folks doing this at scale lending against state or Federal Grant funds especially in climate and so yeah I mean look the the opportunity is so vague that. I I would be I would welcome A many folks doesn’t want to come in and do this I think just in the Us It’s north at 30000000000 a year in funds that are dispersed through these mechanisms based on you know our conversations with folks who write these grants manage these grants et cetera and that’s ah, that’s a pretty.

James McWalter

Structure.

Dimitry Gershenson

Large amount.

James McWalter

And you know you have these 2 products now out what does it take to get a financial product live right? It’s you know finance I think it can be often complex people or at least from the outside you hear words like underwriting and like all these different things. You know what What’s the process from going to like. You know, look. We have this c climate round advance just because I’m naming it because it’s the more recent innovation but going from that as an idea through to it going live you know who are the kinds of people that you either have to have your your team or consult with to get to that stage.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

So that’s a good question I think there’s a lot of pieces to this right one is that you need to actually have the permission to lend. So maybe we’ll start with compliance. You know these aren’t necessarily in in this order but these are like the key pillars right? so.

James McWalter

And.

Dimitry Gershenson

Need to be able to lend in a lot of the us commercial lending isn’t super regulated as long as you have like a signed contract in place most states allow business to be into business lending without much regulation. There are exceptions the state of California is one. We’re a licensed lender in the state of California that process took a long time is like a very long and painful process which ah it was just under a year I think um.

James McWalter

Yeah, are we saying over year or like just what’s long.

Dimitry Gershenson

Maybe a little less than that. Um, the thing is like you know it kind of depends on where you’re at you can you can technically do 1 or 2 loans in California business to business before you apply for your lending license and if you’ve done transactions. Ah, process is actually longer because they they sort of dig into those as well as the track record of the people who own the business. The people who run the business etc. There’s like a very large amount of diligence that’s done by the ah you know the sort of financial protection agency there. Um, so that’s compliance 2 you you know you need a team that can actually do underwriting who can understand sort of risk in ah in the context of credit who can understand where can a transaction break down with the grant advance. We spent a bit of time talking to um.

Dimitry Gershenson

I Mean one we sort of structured it internally and then we talked to a number of experts externally to sort of nail down the dynamics of the product because there’s there’s a lot of intentionality behind how the fees are charged and when and and sort of how the structure works and then um, you know you have to do ah a pilot transaction.

Dimitry Gershenson

Typically with capital off your balance sheets. You have to take some personal Well personal corporate risk to prove that the product is investible, um and and then you know if you have an outside credit facility. Ah you know or an outside fund or whatever where you have.

James McWalter

Yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

External investors you have to convince them that that this is a product worth investing with under the mandate that you already have and so in our case, you know we we did 2 pilot deals and then we went to our investors for our first debt facility and we said hey we’d like to incorporate this product into our lending and they all. It’s unanimously approved and then and then we rolled it out. Um, so you know I I would say it was like ah at least a six month process from kind of start to making it public. Um, but there was actually quite a lot of work that happened before that.

Dimitry Gershenson

Where you know we we sort of understood the market. We did the homework we talked to entrepreneurs we tried to understand sort of where people where people’s comforts levels are around pricing and structure and what they what do they actually need in this product and you know frankly I wouldn’t be surprised if in six nine twelve months our grant advance looks very different.

James McWalter

But.

James McWalter

I and I guess that kind of goes to this quarithos I was reading on your website like 1 of the values of during planet is to be very kind of founder first and this is something.

Dimitry Gershenson

And it does today because we’re constantly getting feedback on how we can improve it.

James McWalter

That you know but bo you and I we have raised venture for our our current startups and a lot of people in the venture side right? Everyone’s founder first right? Um, so I guess how do you about you know, making sure that that value is kind of en shr in yeah, the products in the company you’re building.

Dimitry Gershenson

Yeah, yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

So we I mean we think about the the sort of the impact on on founders and and teams at every step of that sort of customer experience. So one is we have I would say pretty radical transparency when it comes to how we lend and. And what our instruments look like and what the process will look like with revenue based financing. We even built a tool that allows folks to estimate how much money they could raise from us before they even apply they don’t have to like sign up for any marketing. They don’t have to do anything weird. They can just play around with a calculator. Um. We also make the application itself very short and very simple so it takes about 10 minutes to apply for funding with us. It’s I would argue pretty effortless and then we also you know, spend a lot of time thinking about. How we communicate and negotiate throughout the the actual loan process. So once somebody’s applied generally they can expect to see a term she you within a week which is pretty fast that and that time is going to get much shorter as we sort of enshrine some of the automation we’ve been building over the last twelve months and we also are very clear about what we’re looking for and what we need and what’s missing I think a lot of the time you know as you and I probably both experienced raising money when you raise from vcs there is no incentive for good communication and.

Dimitry Gershenson

What it means is that often you will pitch someone and this won’t follow up or they’ll follow up at a random time or they’ll wait for you to get a lead or like you know they might turn you down but they won’t tell you why there’s like all these things that happen when you’re raising venture. Where in our case, we just don’t do that. So if you if you are not a fitter for our financing. We tell you exactly why we set up check-ins to make sure that we are aware of when you hit the mostones that we need to see for you to be sort of investible and like you know we we spend a lot of time. Making sure that founders have a good experience raising money from us and then beyond that we’ve built a pretty robust network like a pretty pretty big community of folks that bring additional value to the companies that we engage with even if they’re not our portfolio Businesses. So.

James McWalter

Yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

We have a network of over two hundred and fifty vcs so we shared deal flow with and we will connect founders to those vcs whether their portfolio companies ours or not obviously the referral looks different if it’s somebody. We’re invested in but we’re we’re very open to make the introductions and.

Dimitry Gershenson

We’ve also have a network like I think close to 40 partners now that offer discounted services to climate entrepreneurs around pitch Deck design. Yeah fractional cfo bookkeeping and accounting Grant writing you name it. We probably have a resource for you and we’re very Like. We’re not shy about sharing those resources in in our mind climate entrepreneurs should have capital to build the solutions that they’re building at the pace that they are able to absorb that capital whether it’s our money or not because the the world’s on fire.

James McWalter

You Ah absolutely and within that though you also have ah which you might be finding. Ah you know non-climate companies. Did they ever approach you because.

Dimitry Gershenson

We don’t have time to fuck around.

James McWalter

1 of the things we are having um in my own company is. We’ve had some data centers and I won’t get into details of of our own product and my kind of day job startup. But yeah, we had data centers and you know cannabis farms and all these kind of things um, try to use our product and.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sure.

James McWalter

Um, I’m like oh do use renewable energy right? I Do you have some sort of climate peace and and they don’t and so in that case, we actually don’t We won’t work with them as customers um have you had anybody come in and you know say hey you know this this house sounds great. But yeah, we’re not really doing anything in the climate you know, will you make an exception and I guess how do you evaluate that? yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

Ah, we you know it’s interesting. So our our application form sort of limits. People’s ability to apply unless they can define a climate narrative if if. If we don’t see it. We’ll often. That’s the first check is like hey can you help us understand how you are driving impact around the climate crisis we’re we’re pretty flexible with our definition of what’s sort of in scope or not as long as we see a path towards reducing emissions. Removing carbon out of the atmosphere or supporting adaptation and resilience we’re we’re pretty flexible. Um, and we’ve had to turn companies down in the past that don’t have a strong enough climate story we had at 1 point a business applied that was doing sort of oh god what was it? ah. Like a marketplace for beach related products I think and you know like I get that that sort of coral reefs are threatened as a result of climate change I get that. Um you know, obviously like people’s ability to enjoy the beach. It. Might be impacted by climate change. But if they come to us and said hey you know all the products we sell are 0 carbon and they’re all like friendly towards its coral reef restoration and that’s like a core ethos then they would have been in scope. But if they but because they don’t have that.

Dimitry Gershenson

That to us was not a strong enough link for us to fund So We we spend you know most most of the deals we’d see are very much in scope and we you know we’ll spend time to understand those edge cases so that we can make sure we’re not missing opportunities but also to make sure that we’re like staying true to our mission. Which is to be investing in the space.

James McWalter

And one of the things you kind of mentioned a little bit earlier is you know, being quite public and transparent and you know a lot of folks. Not that many I would say on average but like there’s more and more folks who are what they call building in public right? being very open about their process being very open on their steps.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah.

26:01.26

James McWalter

Actually you’ve gone to you know a very high degree of this because I know you had a Techcrunch review your a pitch deck and so just and which I read with great interest a few months ago when I came out and I’m sure it’s been really beneficial to a lot of folks to kind of see you know how like you know, basically it’s a critique of your pitch deck.

Dimitry Gershenson

That’s right.

James McWalter

Even though it’s successful in in raising money. It still kind of demystifies. A lot of these elements and so yeah I guess was building in public like this very kind of conscious decision and I guess what are the pros and cons of you know building in that kind of way right.

Dimitry Gershenson

Yeah, yeah.

Dimitry Gershenson

You know I don’t know if we take it to the same degree that I’ve seen other folks do I know there are companies who like make their all their ah financials public through there’s like a service that can sort of link into your banking and accounting and like publish core metrics and um.

Dimitry Gershenson

We don’t We. Don’t go that far I think for us we we feel very strongly about our role as a kind of enabling community-driven player in this ecosystem and whether it’s our capital our network our lessons. We want those things to be available to entrepreneurs who are you know building solutions for climate and I think that in some ways it almost feels like it’s not a choice because the stakes are so high. And I don’t think it actually generally benefits anyone to be super like closed off in this process. The the market is insanely huge. The opportunity is is just so Vast. It’s almost incomprehensible. And so you know even if somebody showed up tomorrow doing what we do I I like I wouldn’t even be worried about I’d want to help them build their business so that we could put more more money in the hands of climate Entrepreneurs. So I think you know one of the things that is has helped us is that it.

Dimitry Gershenson

Sort of cements this brand and and shows people that we’re like we’re we’re not um, we’re We’re not our goal is not to be an extractive actor in this ecosystem but it’s to contribute and to be part of a community and to.

Dimitry Gershenson

Help other people be successful and you know just today somebody approached us for funding and we talked about their model and I was like you shouldn’t take our money like there’s better money for you out. There. Let me connect you to the people who can provide you capital. That’s more aligned with the needs of your business like we could probably make it work but but then it just It’s like not the right capital. It’s not the right structure for what you’re trying to build and I think folks should have the conversations more often like I would love to see vcs who when somebody pitches them for funding. They say oh you’re trying to raise 3000000 but you’re planning to spend 1000000 of that on marketing like.

James McWalter

Now are.

Dimitry Gershenson

Why don’t you just raise 2 and then I’ll help you find some revenue based financing for that extra million so that you’re not taking on crazy expensive dilut of capital to find your business instead. They general like oh cool, more allocation like I’ll take it. But I think if we all sort of took that alternate position I think we would. I’ll be better off.

James McWalter

Yeah, it’s so interesting I mean first on the kind of competitive point. It’s one of the wonderful aspects of being in the climate space is that how helpful everybody is and you know I’ve taken calls with competitors. You know I’ve I’ve been helpful where I can and being very open to like.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah.

James McWalter

You know, disqualifying potential users. You know if they’re not very core right? So that they can get value elsewhere is is kind of super important and you know and we kind of touch upon at the beginning and I’ve talked I think actually think to 1 or 2 um vcs I’ve had on the podcast in the the past about how there definitely is this lack. Are nearly like a missing middle of financing right? and it’s actually come up more on the project financing side where somebody’s trying to build some piece of infrastructure and they’re using you know venture-backed capital to like build something that is just incredibly expensive, right? You think about like something like a vertical farm right?? um.

Dimitry Gershenson

Event.

Dimitry Gershenson

Jeff.

James McWalter

If you’re building a vertical farm you’re building physical assets in the real world Now you might want to raise venture for your technical team and your software team to manage you know some sort of software that does a certain type of lighting and all this kind of thing but the physical hardware and the physical real estate. Um, it’s very very expensive to use equity-based.

James McWalter

Ah, financing for that and I think a lot of it’s just been you know founders have been exposed and or haven’t been the products and available to actually say okay I’m going to have a slightly more complex Capital Stack. You know 40% of it’s going to be in this bucket 30% in this bucket in the in this other bucket. Um up to now like. I Don’t think people thought in terms of like okay I might have to have a slight more complexity in order to kind of maximize the value and make sure the right book is a capital are being used for the right things.

Dimitry Gershenson

Absolutely you know it’s it’s always really interesting to me when companies spend a lot of time optimizing for their technical stack or their like organizational structure or their yeah, whatever it may be but then when they think about capital they have like a very simplistic view on what’s available how it should be used when it should be raised I can’t tell you the number of times I’ve talked to a founder and I said hey you know we think you’d be a good fit for this product and they’re like oh it’s okay, I’m I’m I’m raising venture right now and I’m like okay, but. You do know that the cost of that bench capital is like 5 x higher than what we’re what we’re offering what any like really anybody would offer for this particular use case and I think you know I think it’s okay, like it’s not It’s not founder’s fault that. In this position I think there’s a lot of sort of weird dogmatic narrative especially in the venture back startup community where like it’s like venture and venture debt. Those are the 2 products that people know and and like venture debt is this kind of like weird instrument that people sort of sometimes talk about but really, it’s about venture and you you know you you raised when you have 6 to nine months of runway and. That’s kind of like the model and it’s it’s it’s actually not geared towards the best outcomes for founders and their teams. It’s that those types of models are way more beneficial to investors who can secure greater allocation greater ownership greater control and so like.

Dimitry Gershenson

There’s nothing wrong with bench capital. You know we’re venturebacked we we have so we we love the folks that invested in us. They’ve been incredibly value additive to our process and like we’re raising around now you know there there is a role for bench capital to play but also. If we funded our entire loan book with venture capital we I don’t like I don’t know if it would even be possible like people just wouldn’t give us the money to do that. Um, and it and we would have to kind of be so be smaller and and still have to grow grow fast if it just be like a total mass and so I think that. Um, one of the things that’s been really exciting over the last few years in climate is that there’s this emergence and sort of explosion of creative financing that is slowly becoming available across the whole sort of gamut of need right? So both on the corporate and. Project finance universe um, but there’s still a lot of gaps I mean look man. You know we talked about the the $5000000000000 gap like a lot of that is actually not because money is available and it’s just not flowing. It’s that like the the products don’t necessarily even exist in the ecosystem they may exist elsewhere in in capital markets. But they’re not being applied to climate for you know, 1 reason or another and so we see a lot of opportunity there and I think other folks are starting to sort of wake up to that as well is that hey if we’re gonna if we’re actually going to try to keep us the two degree. C.

Dimitry Gershenson

And insane amount of money needs to flow into the space and it has to look very different than what it looks like today.

James McWalter

Yeah, and personally you know I think one of the big bright spots in the economy right now is everything to do with climate clean energy in particular with you know and some of the kind of carbon sequestration parts that Ira is funding or helping to ah yeah, yeah, kind of firear means that. You have a ton of traction and growth happening with certain companies but evaluations have been crushed because of the broader market. You know, maybe it’d be nice to be able to delay fundraising and that six to nine months right and so revenue-based financing enables that and it’s actually honestly something we’ll probably you know deeply consider next year we’re kind of running off to our own kind of next round and it’s great to have that as an option.

James McWalter

And again, you know the right tool for the right use and so you still kind of think through all the different options. Um, but you know we’re you’re talking a lot about kind of the opportunities on the financing Side. You’re being exposed to a lot of different types of climate companies doing a lot of cool things. What’s kind of getting you excited and also I guess where you wish there’s more innovation you know where are kind of some. Bots that are being you know I guess underutilized and smart entrepreneurs could kind of focus on it and say oh,, there’s actually a lot of kind of blue space in this particular area.

Dimitry Gershenson

So it’s funny I get this question a lot and I have like maybe the most disappointing answer I can possibly give I am so excited about all of it. We see we see companies every single day that span the gamut from.

James McWalter

That right.

Dimitry Gershenson

You know, really frontier crazy I don’t know refrigeration tack to like compost subscription businesses in major metropolitan areas and they’re equally exciting to me right? I I I see. There’s so much like innovation and growth even in this like small business space and for us the things that matter are like are you did you have you found a customer and is it working right? like like. You know we look at the financial performance of the business. Not necessarily how many tons is it going to eliminate. Not you know um, like how how exciting is the Tam. We’re like oh are you selling a thing are you are you. Doing better this year than you were last year are your are your margins. They’re cool. We can do revenue based financing or oh hey, are you did you win a big grant and you don’t want to wait like cool. We can advance against that grant and I I think for us what What’s awesome is that there’s this really incredible. Universe of entrepreneurs that are building these solutions that come from all sorts of places and all sorts of backgrounds. We prioritize investing in underrepresented founders endeavors teams and I’m proud to say that I think 80% of our portfolio conforms to our like dei criteria and.

Dimitry Gershenson

And think so a similar percentage of our sort of forward looking pipeline does and I’m just like stok to to back these people to build all sorts of different solutions from compostable diapers to you know power system Management hardware and software that. That supports grade resiliency in disasters like those those things are comparable to me in terms of excitement is that Weird. Ah.

James McWalter

And it’s it’s not and and honest see I mean well let’s that’s the inspirational bit right? like there’s there’s a role for everyone. You know, take take the pie take the things you know right? like look around the the problems you see and there’s tons of opportunities. Um, but Demetri just been brilliant. Really enjoyed it before we live. Leave off is there anything I should have asked you about but did not.

Dimitry Gershenson 

Ah, yeah, it’s a good question I mean I think maybe just to say like if people want our kind of capital where should they go. They should go to enduring planet dot com and they can just click apply now and. Put an application takes 10 minutes and they get a termm sheet in a week so if you want some founder friendly flexible, fast non diluted financing. You know where to find us.

James McWalter

Yeah, and we’re going to include in particular the link to the calculator because I think that’s a great first step when I was trying to get ah get a handle. It’s like oh this this is exactly you know you put in your a you know your monthly revenue you put in a couple other numbers and all of a sudden. It’s like okay this is the kind of range I could potentially.

Dimitry Gershenson

Um, yeah, excellent.

Dimitry Gershenson

Or yeah, perfect love that. Thank you so much you too.

James McWalter

Um, utilize and it makes a ton of sense.

James McWalter

Well thank you Dimitry Gershenson is progression.

Becoming a Solar Developer – E116

Great to chat with Tim Montague, Solar Developer, NABCEP trainer and host of the Clean Power Hour podcast! The Clean Power Hour is a weekly news roundup of the latest solar, wind, storage and energy transition news! We discussed how Tim become a solar project developer, the challenges in developing solar projects, community solar and more! 

Download Podcast Here: https://plinkhq.com/i/1518148418

www.cleanpowerhour.com

https://carbotnic.com/cleanpowerhour

Remember, If you want to support the podcast please rate and review 5 stars on  Apple, Thanks so much! 

James

The unedited podcast transcript is below

James McWalter

Hello today, We’re joined by Tim Montague solar developer and host of the clean power hour podcast welcome to our podcast Tim! brilliant.

Tim Montague

Thanks James. It’s great to be here.

James McWalter

Sir would love to hear how you ended up becoming a solar developer.

Tim Montague

I grew up in the small city of Albuquerque New Mexico and my dad was a professor at the University Of New Mexico he taught environmental studies and we were doing backyard solar thermal meaning making hot water from sunlight. Was a thing back in the seventy s eighty s and 90 S Pv was hardly on the scene because it was very expensive pv was invented in the 50 s but it didn’t go mainstream and literally until the early 2000 so fast forward I was doing sustainability consulting. In the twenty ten s and was casting about for my next big thing and a canadian named paul was kind enough to cold call me on a saturday morning and said hey we’ve reached grid parody and what that means is that solar.

James McWalter

Man.

Tim Montague

Is now cost competitiveive with other sources of energy and that was in 2 sixteen I dove in with both feet I was primed for a career in clean energy and shortly thereafter I Found a a great solar installlar called Continental Energy Solutions. And I became the head of business development for continental selling and developing commercial solar projects so that was that was the long and short of it. But it was a homecoming you know sustainability is in my blood I was an ecologist by training both bachelors and masters and had never. Ah, really found traction until I started doing green business consulting I’m a business guy. That’s the bulk of my career is doing B Two B Sales marketing and consulting and so solar just brings it all together.

James McWalter

I yeah so interesting I mean if I think about my own kind of journey to here so much can be pointed back to the fact that the farm I was growing up on converted to organic farming in the late 90 s and that was like a point of like oh you know we actually do have to be better stewards of of the land had to be better stewards of. Environment more generally and you know even though I didn’t end up working on anything with a climate impact until the last year or so that was always kind of there in the background and so it’s fascinating how these kind of know elements of our um of our upbringing kind of affect us. But I guess you know diving into that when that you got that phone call you know going from there and you know making a decision to kind of. You know change career directions and so on. Um, what? What would the the kind of next you know, let’s say 6 to 18 months like what? what were the kind of learnings you have to do because one of the things I think we’re going to see particularly post-ira is a lot of folks trying to come into the industry become so developers and so on. And so yeah, how did you kind of optimize your own learning in that time. Yeah.

Tim Montague

Yeah, and and I love this question because I help dozens and dozens of people get into the solar industry and I want to help more. So if you’re listening to this and you’re interested in clean energy in the energy transition in any aspect of it whether that’s electric. You know electrification of transportation or making food systems more sustainable but obviously also solar wind and battery storage where I’m quite an expert I am a very curious person I love technology I love entrepreneurship I had worked as a business advisor. Ah, my local small business development center working with technology entrepreneurs. So I just I love that nexus of of technology and business and now sustainability and so pv while I had a lot to learn. About like construction and what are the components of a solar array and how do you discern the good. The bad from the ugly in terms of those products and how do you qualify a commercial solar project I had to learn that truly even though I knew a lot about b two b sales. I didn’t know a lot about selling projects that were you know these are projects that are $50000 at the very small end to 5000000 or even more maybe $10000000 in the c and I and small utility solar space and.

Tim Montague

So I had a ton to learn and I just dove in with both feet. Of course I had colleagues I was working with a gentleman named Brian Howe whose shoulders I stand on he was the president of the Illinois solar energy association and the president of continental energy solutions and i. Then worked very closely with a cadre of project managers at continental and then started networking like a mad dog with other solar professionals and other energy professionals I had actually gotten involved with Illinois solar energy association several years before when I was doing corporate relations for. The notoart nature museum which is a a well-known institution on the on the north side the near north side of Chicago they had a rooftop solar array and I hosted a meeting of isia at the at our facility. So I had an interest in in clean energy and was. Was gathering bits and pieces and and building a network and I still have many of those contacts that I made back that was back in like 2005 and now you know fast forward and the the industry is just exploding so I was an early adopter. And but it pays to be curious. It pays to be outgoing or take the risk of of stepping out of your comfort zone so to speak right? because I had never sold a solar project and then I was the head of business development for a oh you know about $100000000 business at the time and.

Tim Montague

Ah, you know it’s sink orwin but but I was well suited to the job and and I love working with business owners. You know, helping them reduce their ah cost of energy. That’s the bottom dollar for you know that is the impact that solar makes you reduce your energy bill with a rooftop or ground mountund solar array that that plugs into your facility.

James McWalter

Events.

Tim Montague

And that’s a feelgood right? because we’re greening the grid we’re reducing air pollution and we’re saving money which then can be used for other things like R and D or hiring So. There’s no one single path right for any particular career in clean energy. But it starts with being curious and then finding those organizations those networks and those nodes I Like to think of people and organizations as nodes and each node will then be a connector for you to many other nodes.

James McWalter

No, that that makes a ton of sense and there’s a phrase. Ah a friend of mine uses. You know you have to try to maximize serendipity right? You know like things don’t always come to you. It’s often good to try to find yourself and in yeah, in the middle of a node or try to build that yourself where all of a sudden people are connecting to you and you know I think. But of us do that individually with our own podcasts. Um I’ve done that with you know, events and and groups that I’ve run over the years and but if I think about like the business development side of things right? There’s actually a lot of you know I guess buying and selling within the energy space and at the different layers and you mentioned the kind of business owners that you were you know selling to um, what was kind of a. Ah, typical provo of of a customer and how has that change and not just in terms of maybe the profile of the customer over the years but also what they care about.

Tim Montague

1 of my favorite projects is a project called Simmons Knife S I M M O N S Simmons knife and they make knife blades for the food processing industry and for the furniture industry and this is a multi-generational family business. Have about a fifty Thousand Square Foot facility I made a small video about the project and I interviewed the Ceo on my podcast so this is not sensitive information. They’re they’re in the wild about them going solar and ah but they were. Um, you know they were intrigued by the opportunity to make their facility more sustainable. We were able to offset about 70% of their electrical load with a rooftop array. So the facility is constrained right? The roof wasn’t quite big enough to put a new array on to put a. A big enough array on to offset 100 % of their load but they were very particular about this about trying to achieve the greatest impact possible and and there are some subtle things about solar that that you have to tweak in this case. We used five degree tilt panels versus 10 degree and the difference is that you can squeeze more solar panels onto a roof by doing ° so it’s it’s a slightly lower degree tilt array and that way you can smash it smash more solar in and get more solar kwh out.

Tim Montague

And and this was just very interesting, right? that they were very clear at the get go and it was it was it was the the typical leadership team is the c-suite so we had the Ceo the Cfo the Ceo and the facility manager and and they were very aligned. Of course they were. They were you know following a charismatic. Leader Colin Murphy is his name and it was just they were just very clear that we want to be become more sustainable and we want to do something that’s good for our bottom dollar but also good for our employees and our other stakeholders meaning their customers right? So when you make saw blades. With clean green electricity. That’s a more sustainable product and so they’re greening their entire value chain and and becoming a leader in their you know in their ecosystem and and in their sphere of influence and showing others that hey this matters and this is an opportunity for you. You know. I almost never lead with sustainability because only about 1 in 10 business owners or leaders truly cares about sustainability and I’m not blaming them. You know you have to be very concerned with your bottom line as a business owner. It’s nontrivial to be profitable. And to be sustainable meaning to maintain your growth year over year and that involves you know, r and d and expansion and facilities and hiring and firing and running a business is complicated and then to layer on this this goal of well let’s become more sustainable that can be.

Tim Montague

Quite a journey but like luckily you know solar is not the most complicated thing in the world. It’s black panels that sit on your roof or on your field or on your parking lot and they make electricity from sunlight and then you’re just reducing your consumption from the grid so that was. That was kind of the long and short of it with Simmons life and they were just a model customer and my all time favorite to date.

James McWalter

Yeah I think absolutely the this tradeoff right between why I guess some people might get into specific industries. You know that that drive from the kind of conservation point of view. But then so these are all businesses and it was interesting like you didn’t get that phone call until the cost parodity. Had happened and now you know solar panels are in many parts of the world. The cheapest form of electricity generation that you can install and so that is what’s enabling. Yeah, the kind of dramatic distribution of these assets and building of these assets like you know incentives and things like inflation production act. These are all very very powerful ways of. Continuing to push things along, but it’s the actual cost curves coming down so quickly. That’s actually enabled um you know businesses to make profit building these things and then the customers to see that there is actual you know financial regions and to engage in it. But I guess like when you’re kind of think working through that particular project or other projects you know and I think this does very. Whether it’s ground-mounted or roof-mounted. What are some typical hurdles that you have to overcome and you know your kind of approach overcoming those hurdles change over the years

Tim Montague

Developing solar projects is not easy I don’t want to paint too rosy a picture. Um and it’s not so much that it’s changed a lot over the years it’s just I’ve experienced more nuances. You know you first run into the facility front and center. Ah, you’re looking for a rooftop that’s less than 10 years old and that’s hard to find many rooftops are more than ten years old and they have ah you know 20 years of life left in them and you just many times cannot put a solar array on that roof. And you know with Simmons knife they needed a new roof and they were prepared to put on a new roof and we were able to combine the 2 into a single cap x and that is a a trick of the trade that few installers know or use. So check that out and but you know, ah. It is a capital expense if they’re going to buy a project. Do. You don’t have to. They don’t have to cap x the project you could do a Ppa or third party ownership. There’s also commercial leases for these facilities. So there’s many ways to skin the financial cat so to speak and that can be a hurdle most. Of all, though you you need a you need to find a customer who’s dedicated to doing something right because you can spend a lot of time drilling down on a project and then go nowhere and it just kind of gets put on a shelf and.

Tim Montague

So time and money become constraints for these. Ah these facility owners. They’re busy doing whatever they do making widgets making you know, computer products or making monitoring systems for the solar industry. Perhaps and energy isn’t their first. Ah, line of business. They may be interested. Um, but you really have to be dedicated and so being able to sift through those. Ah you know those leaders and finding the team that is really going to get something across the line is is vital and that’s a very nuanced thing. Um. So I mean some of the other things are of course the landscape right in the us now we have really good legislation in 2022 called iro you refer to that in the introduction. The inflation reduction act that changed the landscape in in several ways. It’s it’s ah.

Tim Montague

Applying for example, an investment tax credit at 30 the investment tax credit was 26% and it was going to step down to 10% in the next couple of years now we have an a good 10 year run at 30% so that softens the blow so to speak or the capex for. Ah, for both third -party owners or first party host owners and it makes solar more affordable and it makes it pencil better and so that just increases the uptake we were growing at 40% a year in the solar industry. Globally now here in the us we’re going to start growing at 60% a year so on a very rapid trajectory. Um, so then there’s also so that landscape is very important legislation and that’s a local thing and a you know national thing you have to know what’s going on locally I happen to be in the industry because we have good legislation going on in illinois. And that was the other kind of perfect storm for me is that we had legislation that got signed in 2016 and really catapulted our state. We were. We only had eighty megawatts of solar in illinois in 2017 now we have over one point eight gigawatts five years later and that’s because of. The future energy jobs act and now we have something called the clean energy. Oh no, sorry the climate and equitable jobs act cija which has created a whole new host of of incentives which are an accelerant. Um, and then there’s things like you know, ah supply chain right? We had covid.

Tim Montague

Slowed things down then we had the chip shortage. There’s a human resource shortage right? There’s a shortage of labor. It’s hard to find installers. It’s hard to find engineers and project managers and financial analysts across the board. Everybody is. Is kind of hurting for proper staffing and this you know I can’t I kind of think it. It creates an awareness around how valuable people are and I like that because that’s at the end of the day. What this is about is creating a more a safer. And ah cleaner future for humanity one that is is going to be buffered from the ah the unpredictability of climate change. Hopefully if we can get there fast enough. It’s not a question of. Are we going to make the energy transition right? It’s It’s a question of will we make it fast enough.

James McWalter

Yeah, and I think it’s so interesting to talk about the like all the different elements all these different constraints on the deployment of these assets and I think what’s most fascinating to me again coming into this industry more recently is that money isn’t really the constraint anymore like Basically you have so much capital being deployed from public and private sources to buy these assets to operate these assets to develop these assets and the constraints are further upstream it’s constraints around land its constraints around people as you said, um, you know there are literal legal constraints from particular areas and all these kind of things. Supply chain’s a massive one. Um, you know you had some kind of wild things that happened earlier the year in terms of tariffs and and all these kind of things but to me, it’s like for folks who are thinking about coming into the industry. It’s like there’s a lot of problems to be solved but the money is not one of them. That’s a pretty solved problem. There’s just. A ton of money to be deployed and so if you can find a way to deploy assets faster develop assets faster help out in supply chain help out on retraining and getting more people who can be installers and work on the design and projects and all these different elements. There’s a lot of business to be done and a lot of smart people I think need to like look at the space in mophomore lotphomore detail.

Tim Montague

Yeah, I’m glad um, you’re drilling down on this. You know there’s a great opportunity in organizations like the department of energy right now the department of energy is the um, the department in the federal government that sets the tone for the future of. The energy landscape in the in the us and it is experiencing a renaissance right now they have new funding. They have some very charismatic leaders like Jigger Shah who’s the head of the loan program office. Yeah.

James McWalter

I was just about to mention jigger.

Tim Montague

and and jigger is ah is ah an og in the solar industry. He became famous for starting a company called Sun Edison which made the which popularized the commercial power purchase agreement or Ppa in the United States and and then he went on to ah to found generate capital which is a clean infrastructure finance company and now he’s the head of the loan program officer which is fueling next generation technologies and and helping to. Bring them to the light of day so to speak. But but the doe is hiring a thousand people now and these are guys like you and me James who have backgrounds in entrepreneurship or technology. Project management or sales and marketing all kinds of people are being hired by the doe and this is a great thing and just one of the many opportunities so there’s opportunities in government. There’s opportunities in the private sector. There’s ah opportunities as entrepreneurs. Or just for like recent high school grads right? You can become an electrician or a laborer on solar fields and make $30 an hour without a college degree which is a wonderful thing.

James McWalter

I absolutely and if I think about just the last few generations right? So when I came out of university in the early 2000 you know everyone who wanted to make money went into finance like it was you know pre the big crash in 2007 and that’s where everybody kind of flock to and then. After that is big tech right? Like if you wanted to make a ton of money and up to pretty much I would say just very recently that’s where you wanted to go to and now I think it’s it’s definitely going to be clean technology right with energy I think driving the vast majority. You’re starting to see just really impressive companies. You’re starting to see that support coming from those governmental agencies. Um Arpae is another like amazing organization that does a ton of funding for you know, moonshot type energy and related technologies that have a large climate component and so yeah, yeah, it’s ah a guy called sa griffith who talks about electrifying. Everything and you know he says there’s even this even roles for the lawyers right? like you know trying to navigate different permitting requirements and so on and so yeah, so anyone listening regardless of your skill set. There is a place right in this kind of revolution right.

Tim Montague

Yeah, I’m glad you mentioned Saul Griffith and electrify everything. Um I can’t remember the name of the organization. But but he’s got a book and sorry.

James McWalter

On their lab. Ah so Sal Griffa He’s a other lab I believe.

Tim Montague

Well, that is one of the organizations but there’s another one around electrify um that that he is spearheading and and they’re a nonprofit and you know so they’re they’re kind of a think tank and community organizing around. Okay, how do we transition. As fast as possible and he references things like the the world war ii effort right? that the us government made. We turned on a dime we converted our factories to making tanks and bombers instead of you know trucks and trucks and passenger airplanes. And and we did this in a very short period of time and it’s truly astounding that the federal government was able to form this joint partnership with private industry and just completely turn the economy towards defeating Hitler and it worked but it was a massive massive transformation ah transformation of the economy and that’s what we need. To see now in order to net zero the economy which is forty gigatons of co 2 equivalent per year that the economy is you know, spewing into the atmosphere and then we have to figure out how to reduce the eight hundred gigatons that are already up there from the last. You know one hundred and fifty years of industrialization it’s it’s no small feat but it’s totally doable. We have the technology like heat pumps and like solar arrays and wind farms and battery farms and other energy storage technologies. It really is a very a very exciting time.

James McWalter

And absolutely would’d would’d. Love to continue to get into some different parts of the development picture because we’re definitely talking a lot about you know the commercial industrial cni space but 1 of the kind of big developments in the last five years in particular is this idea of community solar and. You know there’s people from all around the country all around the world who may be you know in a jurisdiction that doesn’t really have a community solar program. What is community solar and why is it something that’s having a larger and larger impact on the development landscape. So.

Tim Montague

Community solar is a way to make solar accessible to people who don’t have a sunny roof or don’t own a home. Ah so this is renters and people who can’t afford to put a solar array on their home if they do own a home. Or people that have a shady roof right? which is many many people and um so you build a central array. Maybe a one megawatt to five megawatt solar farm these are say 5 to fifty acre solar farms and then you let. Residents in that geography subscribe to the solar array and thereby buying in directly to a solar project and it’s called community solar there’s subtle nuances and different ways of doing it but the most popular way in the you know United States is you build an array. And then you get subscribers from that territory in that utility territory. So in Illinois we have comet in Northern Illinois and amherin in central and Southern Illinois and then mid american in Western Illinois and in those 3 territories. Community solar is a thing. The state has a law that mandates those utilities these are investorowned utilities which you know covers a huge chunk of the population. Perhaps 70% of Illinois’s population lives in these io territories and now.

Tim Montague

If you’re an ammer and comment or mid american customer. You also have the ability to ah become a subscriber to a community solar project. You get a 10% discount approximately generally speaking. So you’re going to save money and not have a huge cash outlay a solar array costs. You know a residential solar project cost 20000 to $ 30000 it’s like buying a car and so while for some people that’s no big deal for many it is a big deal, especially if you don’t own your home the home right? You’re not going to install a solar array on a house that you rent or if you live in an apartment so community solar is very very important and it got started in Colorado. Ah. Ah, think sunchair was one of the first community solar developers in the Us. But now there’s dozens of community solar developers and there’s a handful of really good states that are driving this forward Illinois happens to be 1 Massachusetts is 1 New York up into Maine Maine has a good community solar program now. New Jersey has a struggling community solar program. But it is happening and California has a nascent community solar program. They really were a late comer. They had something called community choice aggregation which is a cousin to that. But. It really wasn’t this form of modern community solar. So now they’re they’re they’re getting in the game as well.

James McWalter

Yeah, what? what? I love about community. So as a concept is I mean it’s in the name right? It’s the community side of it. You know you are having people who don’t actually know you don’t know the other people in your community necessarily who signed up but I love this idea where you have you know thousands of people in. Couple counties. Let’s say worth of space and together they enabled through their pricing power through their buying decisions. You know a five Megawatts you know groundmounted solar farm you know, maybe 20 minutes drive from them and yeah, the kind of emergence of that kind of shared. Ability and like the way legislation has enabled that I think it’s like this is a really fascinating approach and and honestly it’s kind of ah surprising that it kind of emerge in the United States it’s something that sounds you know very european very irish or german to me, but it’s absolutely fantastic and I really love it. So.

Tim Montague

Yeah I have to say I’m I’m very excited about community solar because it does give such a broad swath of the populace access to solar and I mean I already so I live in urban illinois in central illinois. My city participates in a group purchase program called community choice aggregation and so they get together with a handful of other cities and they do this group by of clean energy. So they’re buying a contract to buy clean electrons from. Energy suppliers and and then the energy suppliers are going out on the open market and securing these large contracts from wind and solar developers for what’s called green tags or rex renewable energy credits and and that’s you know a legit way of buying clean energy. But it’s It’s so much more direct when you can say oh I’m buying power from the solar array on a closed landfill in downtown urbanna which there is a community solar farm on the closed landfill now in downtown Urbannna and it targets in their case, low income low and middle income residents. Of the city of Urbana which is wonderful right? because those people are already stressed financially and now they’re going to save money on their power bill consume local green electrons and it’s ah it’s just a win win.

James McWalter

And those are all the kind of positive sides of the community side but we also you know come across various issues from community objections to certain types of development. Um solar included have you come across any of those.. What are the typical reasons why a community might object to solar being built. Ah, you know at scale in their community and.

And so on the community Side. You know those are all the kind of positive aspects of Community solar. But you know Large-sca solar Definitely also has certain communities that object to it being built in their midst have you ever come across any ah you know projects that are struggling to get through. You know, public meetings and so on where there’s various objections and how have you dealt with that in your kind of own career.

Tim Montague

Well, this is a very important topic getting community buy in for large scale solar and I’m not a large scale solar developer I developed twenty megawatt and down projects. So 1 to Twenty Megawatt projects but even these community solar projects that I’m developing in Illinois are meeting pushback from local communities. So when you bring a change to the land. You know we’re talking about rural landscapes in many parts of the country. That’s where these community solar projects are getting built. It’s not only in rural landscapes some of it is um. On brown fields and and ah you know on the on the edge of of suburbia so to speak. But but here in the Midwest we have gobs and gobs of of flat farm ground and a landowner can triple their income by leasing their land to a solar or wind developer. So it’s compelling for the landowner to consider leasing their their land. So if the if the land is in the right geographic area meaning the right territory the right utility territory and has access to the right kinds of infrastructure meaning substations. And in ah, in my case threephase power lines because I do distributed generation or if you’re a large scale utility developer you want access to um, transmission lines the big power lines and and so when these changes are presented to local communities.

Tim Montague

It can create some pushback and that’s understandable. It is a change you’re going from corn and bean farming to solar farming and yes, you’re putting a structure of you know, steel and glass and silicon onto a field. I’m also an ecologist by training and so I care about the land and I know a lot about about ecology and this is actually really good for the land. So. It’s good for the landowner from an economic perspective. It helps them keep their land keep their family on the land. A lot of next generation. Farmers are you know their children want to go to the city and so farm communities are struggling and they’re struggling economically and so it’s also then creating a tax base for things like schools There are some huge number of taxing bodies in Illinois something like 15 different taxing bodies. So there’s many.

Tim Montague

Ah, institutions that benefit from this type of development. But so one of the biggest challenges is that then there’s neighbors to the facility. So There’s ah a farmhouse a couple doors down from this solar field or this potential solar field. And those landowners sometimes are not properly engaged in the discussion about the project prior to a meeting with a zoning board of appeals. For example, which is one of the permitting bodies that you have to talk about your project with in order to get a permit and. And so neighbors of projects do pushback sometimes and it’s both end. Um sometimes they can be educated and ah you know they come around and they will get behind a project and sometimes they don’t. And so we call this nimbyism in the industry not in my backyard. There’s also gimbyism. Yes in my backyard and and yeah and and and so my message to energy professionals is simply.

James McWalter

I I Proud D be over here. Why Proud I proud in my backyard on on my side. Yes, so.

Tim Montague

We need to up our game. We need to become more professional more proactive. We need to engage all the stakeholders in in the decision making process and and the more proactive we can be the the the smoother the transition is going to be 1 of the one of the risks here James is that. We’re not going to make the the energy transition fast enough to to really slow down climate change. Ah we have as you said the the money now the money’s on our side. There’s just gobs and gobs of finance flowing into wind solar and battery storage. But where where the rubber meets the road. Getting these things permitted and interconnected. So. It’s both the the local stakeholders and we have to be better about communicating the value proposition to local communities and working with local landowners and residents and then also utilities and getting the interconnection. Agreement for these projects and making sure that that is economical is also a major hurdle in some jurisdictions and and some geographies. So. It’s it’s a both end so we have many opportunities and and I say this with 100 % confidence that if you’re. Not in clean energy and you’re looking for a new a new career. Please come to clean energy. We are a nothing but pure growth for the next thirty years industry and then um, if you’re already in the industry.

Tim Montague

I can also help you find your you know your up your game and and find those best of breed companies and opportunities that are out there. So it’s it’s ah it’s a very exciting time.

James McWalter

Um, and I believe you’re also the host of the clean power hour podcast. Um, so yes I would love to hear about that and in particular is there anything surprising that’s come out from the you know the array of interviews that you’ve done with different guests.

Tim Montague

Well I’m never I never ceased to be amazed at how many passionate caring bright and and brilliant individuals. There are in the clean energy industry I um. I just did an interview with a lovely young woman named Kate Collardson who has started a nonprofit called solar recycle. It is a clearinghouse for the recycling and repurposing of used solar panels and while this is a small problem today because our industry is quite young. In the United States it’s going to be a big problem in 20 years we’re going to have to figure out better ways to repurpose and recycle and better ways to manufacture on the front end these products and. Um, create good legislation so that there are buyback programs so that the manufacturers have to take their products back and repurpose them themselves and that way they’re incentivized to create products that can be easily recycled because right now solar panels cannot be easily recycled. They can be recycled. But the the best debreed technology really is to grind them up and and sort them into their their component parts. The glass silicon aluminum etc. Um, so that’s the main thing is just I never cease to be amazed at the at the you know the caring and creativity.

Tim Montague

Of the professionals in our industry and that’s one of the things that I love about being in the solar industry is the vast majority of Professionals care about sustainability. Also right? they are purpose driven entrepreneurs and professionals and and that just is. You know who I prefer to be in relationship with and be colleagues with and do business with.. It’s not that I don’t want to do business with others of course I do business with all kinds of people and I and I welcome that diversity. But I Also want to be part of a tribe. And and that tribe is purpose driven professionals.

James McWalter

I absolutely and I definitely echo that and it’s it’s a great try to be part of very very pleased to be part of it myself as well and but Tim this has been brilliant really enjoyed the conversation. Um, yep before we leave off is there anything I should have asked you about but did not.

Tim Montague

Before I forget I identified the Saul Griffith organization it’s called Rewiring America and that’s the name of the website as well. Rewiringmerica.org check that out. Great book. Great organization. Um. No I don’t think I have anything else check out my podcast at clean powerhour.com I love to hear from my listeners I love to get your ideas for who to bring on to the show I um I love connecting with you if you’re interested in clean energy, bring it on.

James McWalter

I absolutely and we’ll include those links in the show notes. Thank you Tim.

Tim Montague

All right? Thank you James I really appreciate it.

Title: Becoming a Solar Developer – E116

Great to chat with Tim Montague, Solar Developer, NABCEP trainer and host of the Clean Power Hour podcast! The Clean Power Hour is a weekly news roundup of the latest solar, wind, storage and energy transition news! We discussed how Tim become a solar project developer, the challenges in developing solar projects, community solar and more! 

Download Podcast Here: https://plinkhq.com/i/1518148418

www.cleanpowerhour.com

Remember, If you want to support the podcast please rate and review 5 stars on  Apple, Thanks so much! 

James

The unedited podcast transcript is below

James McWalter

Hello today, We’re joined by Tim Montague solar developer and host of the clean power hour podcast welcome to our podcast Tim! brilliant.

Tim Montague

Thanks James. It’s great to be here.

James McWalter

Sir would love to hear how you ended up becoming a solar developer.

Tim Montague

I grew up in the small city of Albuquerque New Mexico and my dad was a professor at the University Of New Mexico he taught environmental studies and we were doing backyard solar thermal meaning making hot water from sunlight. Was a thing back in the seventy s eighty s and 90 S Pv was hardly on the scene because it was very expensive pv was invented in the 50 s but it didn’t go mainstream and literally until the early 2000 so fast forward I was doing sustainability consulting. In the twenty ten s and was casting about for my next big thing and a canadian named paul was kind enough to cold call me on a saturday morning and said hey we’ve reached grid parody and what that means is that solar.

James McWalter

Man.

Tim Montague

Is now cost competitiveive with other sources of energy and that was in 2 sixteen I dove in with both feet I was primed for a career in clean energy and shortly thereafter I Found a a great solar installlar called Continental Energy Solutions. And I became the head of business development for continental selling and developing commercial solar projects so that was that was the long and short of it. But it was a homecoming you know sustainability is in my blood I was an ecologist by training both bachelors and masters and had never. Ah, really found traction until I started doing green business consulting I’m a business guy. That’s the bulk of my career is doing B Two B Sales marketing and consulting and so solar just brings it all together.

James McWalter

I yeah so interesting I mean if I think about my own kind of journey to here so much can be pointed back to the fact that the farm I was growing up on converted to organic farming in the late 90 s and that was like a point of like oh you know we actually do have to be better stewards of of the land had to be better stewards of. Environment more generally and you know even though I didn’t end up working on anything with a climate impact until the last year or so that was always kind of there in the background and so it’s fascinating how these kind of know elements of our um of our upbringing kind of affect us. But I guess you know diving into that when that you got that phone call you know going from there and you know making a decision to kind of. You know change career directions and so on. Um, what? What would the the kind of next you know, let’s say 6 to 18 months like what? what were the kind of learnings you have to do because one of the things I think we’re going to see particularly post-ira is a lot of folks trying to come into the industry become so developers and so on. And so yeah, how did you kind of optimize your own learning in that time. Yeah.

Tim Montague

Yeah, and and I love this question because I help dozens and dozens of people get into the solar industry and I want to help more. So if you’re listening to this and you’re interested in clean energy in the energy transition in any aspect of it whether that’s electric. You know electrification of transportation or making food systems more sustainable but obviously also solar wind and battery storage where I’m quite an expert I am a very curious person I love technology I love entrepreneurship I had worked as a business advisor. Ah, my local small business development center working with technology entrepreneurs. So I just I love that nexus of of technology and business and now sustainability and so pv while I had a lot to learn. About like construction and what are the components of a solar array and how do you discern the good. The bad from the ugly in terms of those products and how do you qualify a commercial solar project I had to learn that truly even though I knew a lot about b two b sales. I didn’t know a lot about selling projects that were you know these are projects that are $50000 at the very small end to 5000000 or even more maybe $10000000 in the c and I and small utility solar space and.

Tim Montague

So I had a ton to learn and I just dove in with both feet. Of course I had colleagues I was working with a gentleman named Brian Howe whose shoulders I stand on he was the president of the Illinois solar energy association and the president of continental energy solutions and i. Then worked very closely with a cadre of project managers at continental and then started networking like a mad dog with other solar professionals and other energy professionals I had actually gotten involved with Illinois solar energy association several years before when I was doing corporate relations for. The notoart nature museum which is a a well-known institution on the on the north side the near north side of Chicago they had a rooftop solar array and I hosted a meeting of isia at the at our facility. So I had an interest in in clean energy and was. Was gathering bits and pieces and and building a network and I still have many of those contacts that I made back that was back in like 2005 and now you know fast forward and the the industry is just exploding so I was an early adopter. And but it pays to be curious. It pays to be outgoing or take the risk of of stepping out of your comfort zone so to speak right? because I had never sold a solar project and then I was the head of business development for a oh you know about $100000000 business at the time and.

Tim Montague

Ah, you know it’s sink orwin but but I was well suited to the job and and I love working with business owners. You know, helping them reduce their ah cost of energy. That’s the bottom dollar for you know that is the impact that solar makes you reduce your energy bill with a rooftop or ground mountund solar array that that plugs into your facility.

James McWalter

Events.

Tim Montague

And that’s a feelgood right? because we’re greening the grid we’re reducing air pollution and we’re saving money which then can be used for other things like R and D or hiring So. There’s no one single path right for any particular career in clean energy. But it starts with being curious and then finding those organizations those networks and those nodes I Like to think of people and organizations as nodes and each node will then be a connector for you to many other nodes.

James McWalter

No, that that makes a ton of sense and there’s a phrase. Ah a friend of mine uses. You know you have to try to maximize serendipity right? You know like things don’t always come to you. It’s often good to try to find yourself and in yeah, in the middle of a node or try to build that yourself where all of a sudden people are connecting to you and you know I think. But of us do that individually with our own podcasts. Um I’ve done that with you know, events and and groups that I’ve run over the years and but if I think about like the business development side of things right? There’s actually a lot of you know I guess buying and selling within the energy space and at the different layers and you mentioned the kind of business owners that you were you know selling to um, what was kind of a. Ah, typical provo of of a customer and how has that change and not just in terms of maybe the profile of the customer over the years but also what they care about.

Tim Montague

1 of my favorite projects is a project called Simmons Knife S I M M O N S Simmons knife and they make knife blades for the food processing industry and for the furniture industry and this is a multi-generational family business. Have about a fifty Thousand Square Foot facility I made a small video about the project and I interviewed the Ceo on my podcast so this is not sensitive information. They’re they’re in the wild about them going solar and ah but they were. Um, you know they were intrigued by the opportunity to make their facility more sustainable. We were able to offset about 70% of their electrical load with a rooftop array. So the facility is constrained right? The roof wasn’t quite big enough to put a new array on to put a. A big enough array on to offset 100 % of their load but they were very particular about this about trying to achieve the greatest impact possible and and there are some subtle things about solar that that you have to tweak in this case. We used five degree tilt panels versus 10 degree and the difference is that you can squeeze more solar panels onto a roof by doing ° so it’s it’s a slightly lower degree tilt array and that way you can smash it smash more solar in and get more solar kwh out.

Tim Montague

And and this was just very interesting, right? that they were very clear at the get go and it was it was it was the the typical leadership team is the c-suite so we had the Ceo the Cfo the Ceo and the facility manager and and they were very aligned. Of course they were. They were you know following a charismatic. Leader Colin Murphy is his name and it was just they were just very clear that we want to be become more sustainable and we want to do something that’s good for our bottom dollar but also good for our employees and our other stakeholders meaning their customers right? So when you make saw blades. With clean green electricity. That’s a more sustainable product and so they’re greening their entire value chain and and becoming a leader in their you know in their ecosystem and and in their sphere of influence and showing others that hey this matters and this is an opportunity for you. You know. I almost never lead with sustainability because only about 1 in 10 business owners or leaders truly cares about sustainability and I’m not blaming them. You know you have to be very concerned with your bottom line as a business owner. It’s nontrivial to be profitable. And to be sustainable meaning to maintain your growth year over year and that involves you know, r and d and expansion and facilities and hiring and firing and running a business is complicated and then to layer on this this goal of well let’s become more sustainable that can be.

Tim Montague

Quite a journey but like luckily you know solar is not the most complicated thing in the world. It’s black panels that sit on your roof or on your field or on your parking lot and they make electricity from sunlight and then you’re just reducing your consumption from the grid so that was. That was kind of the long and short of it with Simmons life and they were just a model customer and my all time favorite to date.

James McWalter

Yeah I think absolutely the this tradeoff right between why I guess some people might get into specific industries. You know that that drive from the kind of conservation point of view. But then so these are all businesses and it was interesting like you didn’t get that phone call until the cost parodity. Had happened and now you know solar panels are in many parts of the world. The cheapest form of electricity generation that you can install and so that is what’s enabling. Yeah, the kind of dramatic distribution of these assets and building of these assets like you know incentives and things like inflation production act. These are all very very powerful ways of. Continuing to push things along, but it’s the actual cost curves coming down so quickly. That’s actually enabled um you know businesses to make profit building these things and then the customers to see that there is actual you know financial regions and to engage in it. But I guess like when you’re kind of think working through that particular project or other projects you know and I think this does very. Whether it’s ground-mounted or roof-mounted. What are some typical hurdles that you have to overcome and you know your kind of approach overcoming those hurdles change over the years

Tim Montague

Developing solar projects is not easy I don’t want to paint too rosy a picture. Um and it’s not so much that it’s changed a lot over the years it’s just I’ve experienced more nuances. You know you first run into the facility front and center. Ah, you’re looking for a rooftop that’s less than 10 years old and that’s hard to find many rooftops are more than ten years old and they have ah you know 20 years of life left in them and you just many times cannot put a solar array on that roof. And you know with Simmons knife they needed a new roof and they were prepared to put on a new roof and we were able to combine the 2 into a single cap x and that is a a trick of the trade that few installers know or use. So check that out and but you know, ah. It is a capital expense if they’re going to buy a project. Do. You don’t have to. They don’t have to cap x the project you could do a Ppa or third party ownership. There’s also commercial leases for these facilities. So there’s many ways to skin the financial cat so to speak and that can be a hurdle most. Of all, though you you need a you need to find a customer who’s dedicated to doing something right because you can spend a lot of time drilling down on a project and then go nowhere and it just kind of gets put on a shelf and.

Tim Montague

So time and money become constraints for these. Ah these facility owners. They’re busy doing whatever they do making widgets making you know, computer products or making monitoring systems for the solar industry. Perhaps and energy isn’t their first. Ah, line of business. They may be interested. Um, but you really have to be dedicated and so being able to sift through those. Ah you know those leaders and finding the team that is really going to get something across the line is is vital and that’s a very nuanced thing. Um. So I mean some of the other things are of course the landscape right in the us now we have really good legislation in 2022 called iro you refer to that in the introduction. The inflation reduction act that changed the landscape in in several ways. It’s it’s ah.

Tim Montague

Applying for example, an investment tax credit at 30 the investment tax credit was 26% and it was going to step down to 10% in the next couple of years now we have an a good 10 year run at 30% so that softens the blow so to speak or the capex for. Ah, for both third -party owners or first party host owners and it makes solar more affordable and it makes it pencil better and so that just increases the uptake we were growing at 40% a year in the solar industry. Globally now here in the us we’re going to start growing at 60% a year so on a very rapid trajectory. Um, so then there’s also so that landscape is very important legislation and that’s a local thing and a you know national thing you have to know what’s going on locally I happen to be in the industry because we have good legislation going on in illinois. And that was the other kind of perfect storm for me is that we had legislation that got signed in 2016 and really catapulted our state. We were. We only had eighty megawatts of solar in illinois in 2017 now we have over one point eight gigawatts five years later and that’s because of. The future energy jobs act and now we have something called the clean energy. Oh no, sorry the climate and equitable jobs act cija which has created a whole new host of of incentives which are an accelerant. Um, and then there’s things like you know, ah supply chain right? We had covid.

Tim Montague

Slowed things down then we had the chip shortage. There’s a human resource shortage right? There’s a shortage of labor. It’s hard to find installers. It’s hard to find engineers and project managers and financial analysts across the board. Everybody is. Is kind of hurting for proper staffing and this you know I can’t I kind of think it. It creates an awareness around how valuable people are and I like that because that’s at the end of the day. What this is about is creating a more a safer. And ah cleaner future for humanity one that is is going to be buffered from the ah the unpredictability of climate change. Hopefully if we can get there fast enough. It’s not a question of. Are we going to make the energy transition right? It’s It’s a question of will we make it fast enough.

James McWalter

Yeah, and I think it’s so interesting to talk about the like all the different elements all these different constraints on the deployment of these assets and I think what’s most fascinating to me again coming into this industry more recently is that money isn’t really the constraint anymore like Basically you have so much capital being deployed from public and private sources to buy these assets to operate these assets to develop these assets and the constraints are further upstream it’s constraints around land its constraints around people as you said, um, you know there are literal legal constraints from particular areas and all these kind of things. Supply chain’s a massive one. Um, you know you had some kind of wild things that happened earlier the year in terms of tariffs and and all these kind of things but to me, it’s like for folks who are thinking about coming into the industry. It’s like there’s a lot of problems to be solved but the money is not one of them. That’s a pretty solved problem. There’s just. A ton of money to be deployed and so if you can find a way to deploy assets faster develop assets faster help out in supply chain help out on retraining and getting more people who can be installers and work on the design and projects and all these different elements. There’s a lot of business to be done and a lot of smart people I think need to like look at the space in mophomore lotphomore detail.

Tim Montague

Yeah, I’m glad um, you’re drilling down on this. You know there’s a great opportunity in organizations like the department of energy right now the department of energy is the um, the department in the federal government that sets the tone for the future of. The energy landscape in the in the us and it is experiencing a renaissance right now they have new funding. They have some very charismatic leaders like Jigger Shah who’s the head of the loan program office. Yeah.

James McWalter

I was just about to mention jigger.

Tim Montague

and and jigger is ah is ah an og in the solar industry. He became famous for starting a company called Sun Edison which made the which popularized the commercial power purchase agreement or Ppa in the United States and and then he went on to ah to found generate capital which is a clean infrastructure finance company and now he’s the head of the loan program officer which is fueling next generation technologies and and helping to. Bring them to the light of day so to speak. But but the doe is hiring a thousand people now and these are guys like you and me James who have backgrounds in entrepreneurship or technology. Project management or sales and marketing all kinds of people are being hired by the doe and this is a great thing and just one of the many opportunities so there’s opportunities in government. There’s opportunities in the private sector. There’s ah opportunities as entrepreneurs. Or just for like recent high school grads right? You can become an electrician or a laborer on solar fields and make $30 an hour without a college degree which is a wonderful thing.

James McWalter

I absolutely and if I think about just the last few generations right? So when I came out of university in the early 2000 you know everyone who wanted to make money went into finance like it was you know pre the big crash in 2007 and that’s where everybody kind of flock to and then. After that is big tech right? Like if you wanted to make a ton of money and up to pretty much I would say just very recently that’s where you wanted to go to and now I think it’s it’s definitely going to be clean technology right with energy I think driving the vast majority. You’re starting to see just really impressive companies. You’re starting to see that support coming from those governmental agencies. Um Arpae is another like amazing organization that does a ton of funding for you know, moonshot type energy and related technologies that have a large climate component and so yeah, yeah, it’s ah a guy called sa griffith who talks about electrifying. Everything and you know he says there’s even this even roles for the lawyers right? like you know trying to navigate different permitting requirements and so on and so yeah, so anyone listening regardless of your skill set. There is a place right in this kind of revolution right.

Tim Montague

Yeah, I’m glad you mentioned Saul Griffith and electrify everything. Um I can’t remember the name of the organization. But but he’s got a book and sorry.

James McWalter

On their lab. Ah so Sal Griffa He’s a other lab I believe.

Tim Montague

Well, that is one of the organizations but there’s another one around electrify um that that he is spearheading and and they’re a nonprofit and you know so they’re they’re kind of a think tank and community organizing around. Okay, how do we transition. As fast as possible and he references things like the the world war ii effort right? that the us government made. We turned on a dime we converted our factories to making tanks and bombers instead of you know trucks and trucks and passenger airplanes. And and we did this in a very short period of time and it’s truly astounding that the federal government was able to form this joint partnership with private industry and just completely turn the economy towards defeating Hitler and it worked but it was a massive massive transformation ah transformation of the economy and that’s what we need. To see now in order to net zero the economy which is forty gigatons of co 2 equivalent per year that the economy is you know, spewing into the atmosphere and then we have to figure out how to reduce the eight hundred gigatons that are already up there from the last. You know one hundred and fifty years of industrialization it’s it’s no small feat but it’s totally doable. We have the technology like heat pumps and like solar arrays and wind farms and battery farms and other energy storage technologies. It really is a very a very exciting time.

James McWalter

And absolutely would’d would’d. Love to continue to get into some different parts of the development picture because we’re definitely talking a lot about you know the commercial industrial cni space but 1 of the kind of big developments in the last five years in particular is this idea of community solar and. You know there’s people from all around the country all around the world who may be you know in a jurisdiction that doesn’t really have a community solar program. What is community solar and why is it something that’s having a larger and larger impact on the development landscape. So.

Tim Montague

Community solar is a way to make solar accessible to people who don’t have a sunny roof or don’t own a home. Ah so this is renters and people who can’t afford to put a solar array on their home if they do own a home. Or people that have a shady roof right? which is many many people and um so you build a central array. Maybe a one megawatt to five megawatt solar farm these are say 5 to fifty acre solar farms and then you let. Residents in that geography subscribe to the solar array and thereby buying in directly to a solar project and it’s called community solar there’s subtle nuances and different ways of doing it but the most popular way in the you know United States is you build an array. And then you get subscribers from that territory in that utility territory. So in Illinois we have comet in Northern Illinois and amherin in central and Southern Illinois and then mid american in Western Illinois and in those 3 territories. Community solar is a thing. The state has a law that mandates those utilities these are investorowned utilities which you know covers a huge chunk of the population. Perhaps 70% of Illinois’s population lives in these io territories and now.

Tim Montague

If you’re an ammer and comment or mid american customer. You also have the ability to ah become a subscriber to a community solar project. You get a 10% discount approximately generally speaking. So you’re going to save money and not have a huge cash outlay a solar array costs. You know a residential solar project cost 20000 to $ 30000 it’s like buying a car and so while for some people that’s no big deal for many it is a big deal, especially if you don’t own your home the home right? You’re not going to install a solar array on a house that you rent or if you live in an apartment so community solar is very very important and it got started in Colorado. Ah. Ah, think sunchair was one of the first community solar developers in the Us. But now there’s dozens of community solar developers and there’s a handful of really good states that are driving this forward Illinois happens to be 1 Massachusetts is 1 New York up into Maine Maine has a good community solar program now. New Jersey has a struggling community solar program. But it is happening and California has a nascent community solar program. They really were a late comer. They had something called community choice aggregation which is a cousin to that. But. It really wasn’t this form of modern community solar. So now they’re they’re they’re getting in the game as well.

James McWalter

Yeah, what? what? I love about community. So as a concept is I mean it’s in the name right? It’s the community side of it. You know you are having people who don’t actually know you don’t know the other people in your community necessarily who signed up but I love this idea where you have you know thousands of people in. Couple counties. Let’s say worth of space and together they enabled through their pricing power through their buying decisions. You know a five Megawatts you know groundmounted solar farm you know, maybe 20 minutes drive from them and yeah, the kind of emergence of that kind of shared. Ability and like the way legislation has enabled that I think it’s like this is a really fascinating approach and and honestly it’s kind of ah surprising that it kind of emerge in the United States it’s something that sounds you know very european very irish or german to me, but it’s absolutely fantastic and I really love it. So.

Tim Montague

Yeah I have to say I’m I’m very excited about community solar because it does give such a broad swath of the populace access to solar and I mean I already so I live in urban illinois in central illinois. My city participates in a group purchase program called community choice aggregation and so they get together with a handful of other cities and they do this group by of clean energy. So they’re buying a contract to buy clean electrons from. Energy suppliers and and then the energy suppliers are going out on the open market and securing these large contracts from wind and solar developers for what’s called green tags or rex renewable energy credits and and that’s you know a legit way of buying clean energy. But it’s It’s so much more direct when you can say oh I’m buying power from the solar array on a closed landfill in downtown urbanna which there is a community solar farm on the closed landfill now in downtown Urbannna and it targets in their case, low income low and middle income residents. Of the city of Urbana which is wonderful right? because those people are already stressed financially and now they’re going to save money on their power bill consume local green electrons and it’s ah it’s just a win win.

James McWalter

And those are all the kind of positive sides of the community side but we also you know come across various issues from community objections to certain types of development. Um solar included have you come across any of those.. What are the typical reasons why a community might object to solar being built. Ah, you know at scale in their community and.

And so on the community Side. You know those are all the kind of positive aspects of Community solar. But you know Large-sca solar Definitely also has certain communities that object to it being built in their midst have you ever come across any ah you know projects that are struggling to get through. You know, public meetings and so on where there’s various objections and how have you dealt with that in your kind of own career.

Tim Montague

Well, this is a very important topic getting community buy in for large scale solar and I’m not a large scale solar developer I developed twenty megawatt and down projects. So 1 to Twenty Megawatt projects but even these community solar projects that I’m developing in Illinois are meeting pushback from local communities. So when you bring a change to the land. You know we’re talking about rural landscapes in many parts of the country. That’s where these community solar projects are getting built. It’s not only in rural landscapes some of it is um. On brown fields and and ah you know on the on the edge of of suburbia so to speak. But but here in the Midwest we have gobs and gobs of of flat farm ground and a landowner can triple their income by leasing their land to a solar or wind developer. So it’s compelling for the landowner to consider leasing their their land. So if the if the land is in the right geographic area meaning the right territory the right utility territory and has access to the right kinds of infrastructure meaning substations. And in ah, in my case threephase power lines because I do distributed generation or if you’re a large scale utility developer you want access to um, transmission lines the big power lines and and so when these changes are presented to local communities.

Tim Montague

It can create some pushback and that’s understandable. It is a change you’re going from corn and bean farming to solar farming and yes, you’re putting a structure of you know, steel and glass and silicon onto a field. I’m also an ecologist by training and so I care about the land and I know a lot about about ecology and this is actually really good for the land. So. It’s good for the landowner from an economic perspective. It helps them keep their land keep their family on the land. A lot of next generation. Farmers are you know their children want to go to the city and so farm communities are struggling and they’re struggling economically and so it’s also then creating a tax base for things like schools There are some huge number of taxing bodies in Illinois something like 15 different taxing bodies. So there’s many.

Tim Montague

Ah, institutions that benefit from this type of development. But so one of the biggest challenges is that then there’s neighbors to the facility. So There’s ah a farmhouse a couple doors down from this solar field or this potential solar field. And those landowners sometimes are not properly engaged in the discussion about the project prior to a meeting with a zoning board of appeals. For example, which is one of the permitting bodies that you have to talk about your project with in order to get a permit and. And so neighbors of projects do pushback sometimes and it’s both end. Um sometimes they can be educated and ah you know they come around and they will get behind a project and sometimes they don’t. And so we call this nimbyism in the industry not in my backyard. There’s also gimbyism. Yes in my backyard and and yeah and and and so my message to energy professionals is simply.

James McWalter

I I Proud D be over here. Why Proud I proud in my backyard on on my side. Yes, so.

Tim Montague

We need to up our game. We need to become more professional more proactive. We need to engage all the stakeholders in in the decision making process and and the more proactive we can be the the the smoother the transition is going to be 1 of the one of the risks here James is that. We’re not going to make the the energy transition fast enough to to really slow down climate change. Ah we have as you said the the money now the money’s on our side. There’s just gobs and gobs of finance flowing into wind solar and battery storage. But where where the rubber meets the road. Getting these things permitted and interconnected. So. It’s both the the local stakeholders and we have to be better about communicating the value proposition to local communities and working with local landowners and residents and then also utilities and getting the interconnection. Agreement for these projects and making sure that that is economical is also a major hurdle in some jurisdictions and and some geographies. So. It’s it’s a both end so we have many opportunities and and I say this with 100 % confidence that if you’re. Not in clean energy and you’re looking for a new a new career. Please come to clean energy. We are a nothing but pure growth for the next thirty years industry and then um, if you’re already in the industry.

Tim Montague

I can also help you find your you know your up your game and and find those best of breed companies and opportunities that are out there. So it’s it’s ah it’s a very exciting time.

James McWalter

Um, and I believe you’re also the host of the clean power hour podcast. Um, so yes I would love to hear about that and in particular is there anything surprising that’s come out from the you know the array of interviews that you’ve done with different guests.

Tim Montague

Well I’m never I never ceased to be amazed at how many passionate caring bright and and brilliant individuals. There are in the clean energy industry I um. I just did an interview with a lovely young woman named Kate Collardson who has started a nonprofit called solar recycle. It is a clearinghouse for the recycling and repurposing of used solar panels and while this is a small problem today because our industry is quite young. In the United States it’s going to be a big problem in 20 years we’re going to have to figure out better ways to repurpose and recycle and better ways to manufacture on the front end these products and. Um, create good legislation so that there are buyback programs so that the manufacturers have to take their products back and repurpose them themselves and that way they’re incentivized to create products that can be easily recycled because right now solar panels cannot be easily recycled. They can be recycled. But the the best debreed technology really is to grind them up and and sort them into their their component parts. The glass silicon aluminum etc. Um, so that’s the main thing is just I never cease to be amazed at the at the you know the caring and creativity.

Tim Montague

Of the professionals in our industry and that’s one of the things that I love about being in the solar industry is the vast majority of Professionals care about sustainability. Also right? they are purpose driven entrepreneurs and professionals and and that just is. You know who I prefer to be in relationship with and be colleagues with and do business with.. It’s not that I don’t want to do business with others of course I do business with all kinds of people and I and I welcome that diversity. But I Also want to be part of a tribe. And and that tribe is purpose driven professionals.

James McWalter

I absolutely and I definitely echo that and it’s it’s a great try to be part of very very pleased to be part of it myself as well and but Tim this has been brilliant really enjoyed the conversation. Um, yep before we leave off is there anything I should have asked you about but did not.

Tim Montague

Before I forget I identified the Saul Griffith organization it’s called Rewiring America and that’s the name of the website as well. Rewiringmerica.org check that out. Great book. Great organization. Um. No I don’t think I have anything else check out my podcast at clean powerhour.com I love to hear from my listeners I love to get your ideas for who to bring on to the show I um I love connecting with you if you’re interested in clean energy, bring it on.

James McWalter

I absolutely and we’ll include those links in the show notes. Thank you Tim.

Tim Montague

All right? Thank you James I really appreciate it.

Utility Scale Solar Development – E115

Great to chat with Timothy Kim, CEO at ibV Energy Partners! ibV Energy Partners is leading the clean energy revolution through full-service development of utility-scale solar power plants! We discussed policies toward renewables, challenges in developing solar projects, solar moratorium, grid congestion and more! 

https://carbotnic.com/ibvpartners

Download Podcast Here: https://plinkhq.com/i/1518148418

Remember, If you want to support the podcast please rate and review 5 stars on  Apple, Thanks so much! 

James

The unedited podcast transcript is below

James McWalter

Hello today we’re speaking with Timothy Kim founder and Ceo of Ibv Energy Partners welcome with the podcast Timothy.

Timothy Kim

Thank you Jamies! Thank you very much for inviting me to pleasure to be on.

James McWalter

So brilliant to start. Can you tell us a little bit about Ibv Energy Partners you.

Timothy Kim

Yeah, so we are a utility scale solar and storage development and primary investment company and what that really means is that we develop large scale power plants solar power plants. Usually it’s sighted on. Think our average is cited on little over a thousand acres of land these days. Um and we develop and operate them and sell the electricity to various customers from utilities to corporates such as Amazon to Google to power agencies and municipalities. Um. I started the company in June of 2017 with Robin size. Our co-founder who’s also our executive vp and head of development him and I had worked at a previous company in Florida. He was the head of development I was ahead of finance and m and a and we just clicked really well. Our battle rhythm synced and 2017 off we went and it’s been a journey since.

James McWalter

And I guess in 2017 where you were making that initial decision. How did you see the opportunity at that point why why did did it make sense to say okay, we’re going to Robin and I we’re going to get into it together. So.

Timothy Kim

Well if if I’m going to be honest with you. It actually did not make sense. Um, you know in 2017 right so that this was six months after the Trump administration came in and’m not trying to be political I’m just stating facts here and.

James McWalter

That right.

Timothy Kim

The administration and federal policies towards renewables was not Friendly. You know in in the same year. There were significant tariffs imposed specifically on solar panelddles which which make up about 40 to 50% of the the plant’s investment right. And then there were subsequent tariffs on major components that make up a solar power plant including you know the substructure the steel of the substructure as well as semiconductors. Ah you know and the inverters in many cases they were just outright bands actually.

Timothy Kim

So you know in 1 case huawei as many people if you could remember back then it was basically banned from the federal government as well as ah, hooking into any critical infrastructure telecommunications as well as energy. So um, but look you know. Oftentimes when things don’t make sense. You know the contrarian that I am I kind of look at the long term to ask does it make sense for the long term and energy has always made sense in the long term um the the advent the development of energy and especially you technology.

Timothy Kim

And so from that angle you know the story was very robust investors where half in half out you know there are a number of federal legislations that were that we’re about to expire but we found an excellent home with ibfo group which. Is the largest pure solar ipp independent power producer in the world having done some of the major firsts in the world when it comes to developing and operating solar power plants. So you know the challenge back then when when you’re starting. A company. You’re you know, ambitious and you want to get into those big leak tables is and the question I was always obsessed with is how do we go in in this very fluid environment. How do we go from the back of the line you know, just starting up. To the very front of the line without you know, taking these baby steps. But you know giant leaps and I think that’s what really ah occupied our minds in the first 3 to 4 years I would say until covid came along um and and these days. We now ah have yeah we fast forward. You know, five years later we have approximately eight Gigawatt of solar and storage assets in the queue where one of the largest developers of of solar in in in Nevada where the largest developer of solar in Kentucky.

Timothy Kim

And Louisiana and we’re working with a number of power customers. You know both both in in the renewables and the utility space and the oil and gas space. Um, and we we work with over. We were approximately fifty landowners now.

Timothy Kim

To to develop solar on over fifty Thousand acres across the United States so the story is strong the the and I think the fundamentals are strong looking back in 2017 ah, you know we came out of this this. Fiery arena into into something that looks a little bit more stable now. So.

James McWalter

Yeah, know it’s it’s absolutely fascinating. But yeah, the timing right? and you know being a bit too early is completely fine, right? because you know you kind of have to get through those couple of years and then if you hit that market inflection point which were clearlyty and now you get all that benefit of having laid the groundwork and in those kind of tougher years and you also have. I guess a kind of leaner mentality around certain things you know again I guess one of the kind of frameworks you know so we’re talking about utility scale these very large thousand acre plus ah you know projects and there’s a you know few other flavors of course of of development. We’ve seen a big rise with community solar which are typically in the.

Timothy Kim

Exactly.

James McWalter

20 to maybe one hundred or two hundred acre parcel or project size and then of course you have a commercial industrial that go below that let alone you know the kind of roof mountunted direction when you’re kind of weighing up. You know why did utility scale like appeal to your relative to maybe some of these other options.

Timothy Kim

Yeah I mean that’s ah, that’s a great question for us is optimization and efficiency and that’s it. It would be relatively easier to develop a community solar. Yeah I don’t want to say it’s easy at all I mean it’s not No. Fastsetter Development is easy but developing you know with the community as your power customers. Um on Land often. Ah, you know if if not granted to you then directed to you by the community is a lot easier than.

Timothy Kim

You know, developing on a one thousand acre farmland where you know many many folks decry the use of solar as as a as a conditional conditional use. Um, however, with that being said, you know when I started in this field in 2007 the cost of solar was somewhere around $4 a watt. Um, you know you fast forward from 2007 to 2015 and the cost of solar in 2015 was approximately dollar $25 thirty five watt to pre pandemicmic 2019 where it was about ¢85 a watt. Um, you can only achieve that type of efficiency through utility scale solar because just the sheer amount of power that you are placing you are citing in 1 area. The other part of this is optimization as I mentioned you know optimization going forward. Is going to play a large role in the autonomous side of of of solar deployment solar operations. Um, we believe that you know doing things at a bigger scale lends itself to more optimization practices. Then doing things at a much smaller scale where you are often. You know, kind of ah boxed in into your own design. So this is the reason why we went large.

James McWalter

Absolutely but then I guess the the tradeoff so enlarge and for the listener you know we’re talking I guess $100000000 plus projects in a kind of typical deployment for those who are less familiar with with with watts of of various types. But then in terms of the um so the absolutely it makes sense those efficiencies large scale generate generates these efficiencies and it absolutely drives the entire industry forward and gets us to you know a much healthier mix of electricity from renewables point of view. But I guess then what are some of the major challenges when you’re trying to develop a thousand acre plus project for.

Timothy Kim

Well the the there’s 2 challenges in developing projects these days. Um, there used to be 3 challenges. So let me let me just quickly go over those 3 and then tell you why it’s now to prior the 3 challenges was and in this order.

Timothy Kim

Securing power customer or we what we call an offtaker ah to buy your electricity right? Renewable energy is new utilities. Don’t really understand did not in the past you know you’re talking about mid 2000 s did not really understand it. It was not pervasive across the United States and corporates the rise of corporates as clean energy. Ah, procurers had not materialized until about 21018 so that’s one and that’s important because at the end of the day you could have a fantastic project. But if you don’t have revenues. Ah contracted revenue you know to to underpin it then you’re not going to get financing for it. So the project is is likely not to be built second the grid the grid is highly congested. This was not an issue so much in the past because back in two thousand and fifteen seventeen your big size projects were 50 to hundred megawatts I mean if you did a ah hundred Megawatts in two thousand and fifteen sixteen like I did you, you were kind of sitting at the upper echelons of solar development these days that’s kind of the lower end of utility scale to give you an idea our portfolio average size 175 Megawatts and we’re soon to be moving up to two hundred Megawatts or largest project being well over three hundred Megawatts so so you know again, efficiency and optimization going against the power curve reducing the the level like cost levelized cost of solar your electricity all plays a role in that the third is obviously.

Timothy Kim

When you go into a community and the vast majority I would probably say so we’re way above 90% of large scale solar farms. Do not sit in municipal land because there just isn’t you know enough land in the municipality or is so expensive. That it. It just does not make it worthwhile and in you know, largely it. It sits in unincorporated. Um, you know County land so you know where where a lot of people will reside as well. So obviously it has impact on a community and the community you know. Has been some where has been more than some there. There’s been a lot of debates about the use of prime Farmland and I’m proud to say that ivv enage partners we designed everything with dual use meaning that you know we we we add pollinators the sheeps could feed off the grass were feasible. We invite livestock on our site to to have that intune with nature type of aesthetics for our plants but those are the 3 the offtake portion the first one I talked to you about has gone away for the most part that is not as difficult as it once was.

Timothy Kim

So now it is about congestion and community. Um, do just give you an idea you know we’ve we’ve had a series of articles on this, you know our first article you know thanks to Matt has has been how solar development that developers can work with. Communities and could work with landowners and it doesn’t need to be 1 or the other you know, solar will never take over. Um you know? Yeah, even a significant amount of prime farmland and so I think there’s a lot of myths out there but part we we view part of our job as educating as well as informing the public of. Of of what those myths are and how we get around it and how we can work together.

James McWalter

Yeah, as people as listeners on the podcast knows you know I grew up on ah on a sheep farm and so you know agvoltaics and you know being able to have dual use of land I think is something that it’s It’s fantastic Here. You’re doing and a lot of so developers Historically it was kind of an afterthought and As. All the prime areas to build prime boat from a farmland as well as a solar point of view. Um, you know are are being kind of looked at and and landowners and farmers are being asked to kind of consider these different options I think having that dual use and enabling the farmer and the community that the farmers in to say ok we are still you know. Having that engagement with the land right? because is very powerful because you know farmers are very few people you know decide to become a farmer right? It’s It’s usually this kind of very very cultural and and familial um structure that you’re born into and and I think anything that so developers do to kind of you know. Meet the farmer Halfway I think is going to on nesh be a massive benefit to both parties.

Timothy Kim

Right? Exactly there’s 1 more thing to so be said about this though and you know in this country. We we do believe and I firmly personally believe in the rights of the landowner. You know we either. There’s long history about you know. Private use of land and what you can and cannot do as long as that doesn’t hurt. You know the the existing surrounding landowners. You should be able to do what you feel you you need to do with your land the land that you worked so hard and your family worked so hard to. Either put together or inherited and and farmed or tilt or whatnot. Um, you know the interesting part here is that the folks who are against solar development largely are not farmers.

Timothy Kim

It’s ah surprising to hear this because you would think they are but in fact, it is not them at all. They are actually highly encouraging for solar development use. Not only from a financial benefit right? I mean you got thirty five forty forty five years of lease revenue. But. From the point of view that they cobble together a lot of them have cobbled together this land over decade two decades 3 decades or even generations. Ah and they feel that they have worked hard enough. Their family has worked hard and now they want to reap some of the benefits of passive investments. So.

Timothy Kim

It’s a very interesting dynamic that’s taking place in many rural areas of of this country where farmers are actually proponents of solar development and the ones that are not have nothing really to do with their farm. They just don’t like the idea for you know. Xy and z you know.

James McWalter

And and you’re seeing this in the rise of solar moratoriums that are happening at the you know at the subdivision level where you might have a village and then some folks at the village you like oh you know let’s ban solar from our village and incorporate unincorporated surroundings for like the next two years and I think technically there is some voting going on. But ah, you know, local democracy often struggles to actually get everybody in in that locality to actually engage in it and rein the time of what’s going on and if something’s passed that says there’s this little moratorium moratorium and you’re not able to build for the next year and a half two years um you know the I guess the average time owner there is is a bit out of luck.

Timothy Kim

Yeah, the solar moratorium is is is very concerning and and and you know borderline scary because essentially what they are doing is there. There are some communities for example. We are developing a very large two hundred and seventy five Megawatt solar farm in the southern area of Nevada in this within the city of bolder city as a matter of fact, we actually lease the property from the city. That’s one of the very few projects where we actually lease it and where it’s actually in the the municipality. City of boer city generates a lot of money. Ah from the lease of their solar farms. You know they have a number of solar leases out in that area and they’ve structured a program where they’re very careful because they don’t want to expand they don’t want to expand you know? ah you know in population. But so but they have to cover their you know their their expenses with with with some sort of revenue and that revenue is solar. You know the the amount of benefits that solar tax benefits. It’s just hard benefits really that solar provides to county. Is is numerable I mean you’re talking about again generations of of you know tax impact and and you know to to buy new equipment for the schools provide scholarships by you. We equipment in for the fire and and and police department. We see this these are these are actually.

Timothy Kim

Hard benefits and so when there’s a moratorium often the county and the residents are saying that we don’t want these benefits and then they have to find a new source of revenue to cover costs. Everybody knows that infrastructure um is aging that school buildings are aging and we may very well be in a recession a long one next year and you know it is our hope that we work with you know we certainly strive to work with counties to ensure that they understand this. At the end of end of the day like you said James is there is there a choice you know if they propose a solar moratorium then I think they’re just shooting themselves in the foot for the long run.

James McWalter

Yeah I think one of the things that will I think will change because as people are becoming more familiar with the upsides of these projects I think attitudes will change because right now it’s like oh you know I’ve seen. Ah you know something on Tv there might be some solar panels that seems like a net good. But I don’t really know a ton about them I don’t know that those elements around that’s going to positively affect. You know the tax base within my community I think it’s just going to take a little while as these things kind of spread out as more people are exposed to them that because it’s very easy to say no right? It’s it’s often harder to say yes to things. And so seeing those kind of positive reasons you know having conversations like this you know I’m sure the day-to-day work that you and your team do um, reaching out and engaging the community and the landowners and then those landowners then you know I’m sure we’re talking to their neighbors and people are then starting to you know do the heavy you know day-to-day work. Of making ah you know making these things move in more positive direction. But I guess you know with all these considerations right? So you know where is the solar mertarium. You know where’s or less grid congestion. How do you work through all of that these type different types of information to say. Actually you know what. This community with these two thousand acres in this particular part of the country is actually a great place to build versus this other place. You know, ah 1 state away.

Timothy Kim

Yeah that’s another good question. First of all before I answer that let me just say that I don’t want to pin this ah you know. Solar developers. We have not ourselves done a very good job of informing the company informing the communities at large we’re now starting to do this but we should have done this long time. Our industry should have done this long time ago. We should have done. We should have made a push to decouple. Story of solar from the politics of solar or the politics of green energy or clean energy and so we have to we have to understand yeah as an industry we share a lot of that blame. Um, and yeah, if you go to to websites of a lot of solar development companies. They still don’t tell that story. They don’t explain. Why they’re doing what they’re doing and how they’re working with communities. You know we recently revamped our website and we added the first thing we wanted to do was add a community section and then a long faq section both under our project section as well as our community section 200 let landowners and communities and officials and you know people who are opposed to solar understand that listen, we may not agree on everything but we’re going to be very transparent of how we’re coming about this and why we’re doing this and what the benefits are to you so I would um.

Timothy Kim

I’m just going to give a a shameless plug for our website sure. So if you go to our website ivvenergy.com then you ah scroll through it take a look at it and we hope that the website is not just about Obstin but is about you know turning the tide on.

James McWalter

Sure and we we’ll include that in the show notes as well. Definitely those links. So.

Timothy Kim

Informing the public of you know, investments and development in in community initiatives particularly when it comes to solar. Um, the second part of this is to answer your question. Um, we we do? What’s called analytically driven development that’s kind of a fancy phrase right? But ah. You know anytime there a new industry pops up you you could traces all the way you know the oil and gas semiconductor any industry you know area aviation. There’s always this cowboy mentality right? The cowboy mentality is just go fast. Go hard and let’s figure out the rest later. Um. And that happened in our industry. You know when when you know when we when this industry first began in 2006 you know number of developers just went for land grab and they weren’t really thinking and it yeah know even happens today. Um, which which is really unfortunate. We. We don’t do that. We. We engage in annually driven development where we take a pause and say okay, you know we look at everything from the perspective of of an investor and we we answer the hard questions when we spend a lot of time. A lot of resources a lot of money on you know, modeling out. And researching and analyzing points of interconnection making sure that we feel ourselves comfortable that there’s enough capacity a certain substation that the solar farm could be built that there’s no moratorium we meet with County officials beforehand before we weave even touch a single piece of land.

Timothy Kim

Because I think the the industry has also suffered another blight and that is that of a solar cowboy. Yeah, the speculator that comes in Grabs Land makes big promises and doesn’t deliver and we’ve had to yeah it makes everybody’s job hard and we don’t want to do this. That’s not who we are. And I think we we we were at the forefront you know vanguard of where the energy has to where where the industry has to change and we’re certainly leading that charge.

James McWalter

So and speaking of that you know I come from a software background I’m actually working on some projects in this very space right now where would you like to see more innovation you know where could you know? smart folks coming in maybe with more of a software and data background be building. To service you better solve some of your problems get more projects developed and.

Timothy Kim

Well these days you know and there’s I think it was last week you know I never I almost never want to drop the name Elon muskkin anything because he’s so caught but at same time controversial but also so inspirational you know I mean.

James McWalter

I sure.

Timothy Kim

But but he did come up with ah you know, kind of this funny I don’t know if he was joking or not but he he said that you know either tesla or somebody should develop software for developers to engage in more predictive and precise predictive analysis of. Of of grid congestion and the costs associated to plug in the solar power plant to the grid. That’s a number one I would say even more than you know the not in my backyard type of folks congestion is actually the number 1 issue plaguing the industry right now the inability to predict. Your network upgrades. So let’s say that you have a power plant. You already spent $3000000 developing studies. You know engineering you know permitting all that stuff communities great with you. everything looks fine everything looks clean you go through this 4 or 5 sometimes 6 year interconnection study cycle. Where you just have to put more money and more money and more money for every study that you want to advance to and then all of a sudden you put $10000000 at the end and the last study comes back and says that your project is now uneconomical. You just drop $10000000 and do you think that those types of companies are going to come back from that you know. Um, so we need a lot more engagement with the transmission organizations the independent system operators and folks who have the insight but are not willing to open source their information.

Timothy Kim

The betterment of the industry and I hopefully software could plug a lot of that holes in in in bringing that information out from those transmission organizations and utilities into open source and then allowing you know developers such as ours a platform to subscribe to that. Information that would be interesting.

James McWalter

And yet yeah, it’s very interesting because ah, a lot of the space like the incentives are just all not fully aligned in a way that would make these things easier and as easy as they should be right. And so you often have the utility or the grid operator or the operator of the transmission and the Iso. Whatever it may be um, yeah, they’re incentivized to ah you know freerability right? So various types and maybe a couple other incentives that are built into their their model. Whatever it may be. And then you have individual developers like yourselves who are trying to figure out look you know we know we’re going to be building a lot of renewables just tell us where to build right? like at the end of the day if you could just direct us and say hey 10 developers who are bidding into a particular market It’s definitely going to make sense to be along this. You know one hundred mile piece of transmission and then. You know you still have to do the studies and you know so to make make sure that things actually make sense. But at least give some kind of top level direction and I think there are definitely some kind of national initiatives I’ve been reading about I’m researching that I think will help at some of this at the margin. But I do think that ah, until there is just a You know, a very very strong, bidirectional communication between developers and developer trade groups and those who are managing the for mission congestion capacity like yeah I think some yeah I don’t know think ah the the cold war nears to end to a certain extent so that we can eventually get that data revealed and.

James McWalter

Then you know then software people can build on top of that data.

Timothy Kim

yeah yeah I think software has played a very outsized role in our company. You know I was looking at our fiscal year twenty three budget just today and yeah, we’re adding on 4 more software platforms. And these are not cheap by the way right? So um, you know the the question you know as Ceo always has to ask is um where if I have that extra dollar where do I spend it on and it’s more and more coming back on the software piece because just.

James McWalter

Threat.

Timothy Kim

As as this industry matures and becomes far more sophisticated. It’s mimicking that of the oil and gas industry which is already complex right? Um, and you know if if once it goes starts going really starts ramping up that that that. Analytical chain There’s not enough people not enough folks to to keep up with the the fast moving information and its impacts to to your portfolio both from opportunity and risk perspective. So. This is very the software is going to be very very important and I see a lot of ah consolidation in the industry that’s going to take place in the next two or three years that’s my prediction at least.

James McWalter

And yeah, absolutely and I’m also somewhat in this space myself my own company and you know there’s a lot of companies in our size range in the kind of dozen or so people and I agree I think there will be ah quite a few quite a number fewer of us in a couple of years because

James McWalter

Um, there’s a lot of I think duplication and then once you string along some of these functionalities. Um I think then you start to have you know, really powerful software right? Like what is the sales force of development. Um I think that’s that’s a question or the yearp system of development I Think that’s this question that more and more people are going to start asking. But.

Timothy Kim

Yeah, yeah.

James McWalter

It’s a pretty complicated piece of software to your point and I think that is going to take a while to emerge. But when it does emerge I think it probably will be a combination of some of these smaller orgs and I guess one of the you know so we talked about the kind of digital transformation of the space and the other I think big piece that we touched on earlier briefly. But I think I would love to get in your thoughts on is the inflation reduction act. Um, I’ve made this joke before but ah I call it ira because being irish and from Ireland you know calling it the ira for the next decade is is is a bridge too far for me. Um, so I guess you know Ira I think it came out of the blue all of a sudden There was a lot of false stans around you know a climate bill coming out of the current congress.

James McWalter

And finally passed and I think it was a net probably more promising and than I think a lot of people were expecting. Um, how do you think it’s going to I guess directly affect you guys over the next 2 to 3 years right.

Timothy Kim

Well I think the biggest effect here is that it provides confidence to investors. Um, you know, solar developers. We’re optimistic and we have to be by nature right? So the moon where the sun is always up the the glasses always have full regardless what happens. But investors are are of course a different breed sometimes um before the ira there were a number of debates legislation potential legislation that kind of came in and out. Of of both administrations that we’re going to promise everything from the stars to nothing at all, right Um, and I think that made it very difficult for investors to understand how do I plan capital allocation for the next x amount of years and that’s important because the the. The the lifecycle of a development of just a single project right? Just 1 project. Let’s take a hundred megat project anywhere in the United States is approximately four going on to 5 years now. That’s how long it takes for you to conceiv from the time you conceive the project to the time that you you you know, build it. So you need to have this long path of confidence that from the time that you sign up, you know your your option agreements and your lease agreements your land agreements your power agreements and and putting the first million dollars at the door and development capital.

Timothy Kim

To time you bill it. There’s actually going to be yeah, supported legislation and there was not a that before so with with the inflation reduction act. Um, you know more than anything it. It says to investors you know.

Timothy Kim

America is a safe place of investing. It’s a long-term place for your investments. It’s a stable place and we have a renewed interest in seeing clean energy become a dominant form of the energy mix up until at least 2032 or whatever you know? Um, so. You know that that is how I look at it and anytime that you speak to a Ceo you know they’re always worried about their shareholder expectations right? to understand. Okay, well you know there’s only a you know finite amount of capital both in the world and apply to our company. You know where is the best way to use it and when should I use it and the when now is being answered by the the propellant of the ira you’re seeing a number of new projects and initiatives go into the queue and targeting you know, even the manufacturing side. Ah, the bill which you know aims to bring you know panel manufacturing back home back to the United States so of course overall is a good thing. You know. But yeah, if you’re remembering the billback better act the climate change provision of that was something like one point three trillion

Timothy Kim

So the ira is not 370000000000 I mean not just only but it is three seventy billion so it’s it’s one fourth sort of give or take of of what we were trying to achieve we’ll make do we’ll be fine but that also tells me that there’s a lot more to go. And that we could do a lot better as well.

James McWalter

Um, and I think even with that and I fully agree. Um, yeah I think we’re because of that gap between the 1.3 and what? what just shy of 400 that yeah that that came in I think what’s we’re going to be very reliant on is you know.

Timothy Kim

Three seventy yeah

James McWalter

The cost curves for solar and then also some of the operational and digitization elements making things more efficient to bring them the cost to make the deployment and then be very dependent on things like state and local initiatives who are you know making various commitments as well as the corporate commitments of various types another piece that ah. I’ve been kind of chatting to a few folks about is the labor side and talent side. How do you think about? you know the talent mix available to develop the types of projects you work on right? You’re continuing to ramp up develop evermore. Um, you have you know, traditional blue colllar jobs that are you know are deploying the actual assets themselves. We’ve talked about the Analytics. We talked about financing Developers. You know they’re going literally around in trucks to try to get things done. Um. How do you think about how difficult it is Do. We have the right kind of talent mix. Um are there gaps that we should have you know either policy or smart entrepreneurs should be looking at filling those gaps and.

Timothy Kim

Yeah I mean 2 things on this first. Let’s just go back to the Ira it compels developers to use apprentices during the construction phase as well as the operational phase which is very smart because you know you you want you want a catalyst. To build long-term talent in this in this area. That’s first of all the second you know as a subset to that through the ira discussion prevailing wage shops are also going to be a large. Very large part of solar construction moving forward prior to that you know the yeah prevailing wage union jobs were only used when you know it had to be so you’re talking about California type Projects New England you know states where there was no right to work provision. But now you’re talking about high payying wage jobss all throughout the United States specifically tied to deployment of solar and wind and and green hydro and everything else that the that that was kind of snuck under stuck under the Ira Bill so those 2 apprenticeships and prevailing wage are going to drive a lot of interest and movement of human capital towards this industry I firmly believe that um the second part of it is more I would say the white collar jobs. Um.

Timothy Kim

The interesting thing is that we’re now starting to see a number of folks I don’t know whether it’s due the Ira or or is just kind of a bound to happen but a number of folks coming from other into the industries mainly oil and gas and coal. Coming to into the renewable energy industry and bringing their talents and all their experience and sophisticated skills with them. So I think the question of will we have enough talent is really not for renewable energy Industry. It’s really for the oil and gas industry because.

Timothy Kim

These days if you’re a energy major. You know, bachelor’s master’s pc, whatever you are and you you, you’re kind of looking around and you’re saying to yourself where do I want to make my mark in the world. You know. I don’t know I mean oil and gas I don’t get really I don’t really see that see many people going flocking towards that you know the next the generation of folks are graduating. So I think in the five to 10 years. Oil and gas is going to have a talent problem if thunder if they’re not already having 1 right now.

James McWalter

Yeah, absolutely I was actually talking to a canadian oil and gas company who’s actually made quite a ton of money recently with the using. Um you know, getting stuff out of the tar sounds in in Southern Canada and then wait $100 barrel recently and their immediate. Ah, kind of internal initiative is how do we deploy this $4000000000 into renewables because this is like a 1 ne-time like spent like like increase in our net revenue and to try to grow this kind of tiny fledgling renewables group that they have on the side of the business. Um, because that’s where all the upside is and that’s honestly as you said 1 of the ways they can. You know retain talent and and drag talent by saying like oh we actually also have this this piece um said makes a to of sense. Also let’s looking at your your own background and I saw that you spent number of years in the Navy um, how does that kind of influence how you you build and lead a company. So.

Timothy Kim

Yeah, you know I’ve gotten this question a lot and I still haven’t and maybe we’re better from worse. But I don’t have an elevator pitch answer to that I think it’s affected me greatly. This is first.

James McWalter

So.

Timothy Kim

So yeah I would probably say has been the main driver of the way that I manage the company and the visions the thoughts that I have and how I bring that and materialize that to execution stage. Um, maybe one of these days I’ll figure it out with ah with a good psychologist.

Timothy Kim

How exactly you know it’s impacted me but I think it’s impacted me in in very soft ways that have accumulated into very you know hard approaches and to executable approaches into my personality look I mean anybody who’s served in the military or served with folks. You know the military is a very can do attitude right? It actually and I still I’m still involved in a lot of national security and and military initiatives and I was reading one. Um journal in the naval law. Publication call proceedings where that Cando attitude is actually starting to become poisonous because nobody’s actually speaking truth to power anymore. They’re just saying yes, yes, yes, we can do it and if won’t find out. You cannot um.

Timothy Kim

But I think that’s one of the things 1 of the aspects main aspects that has affected me that there is no such thing as a no there’s no such thing as you can’t get that done and then you kind of flank that with with different skills set like project management leadership organizational et cetera etc. Um. And then you come up with kind of this talent ecosystem which I think is very ripe for leaning of organization such as the one we are in today. Um I will say that in the early stages as I spoke about 2017 18 nineteen when this industry was going through some very difficult times. Um, you know that to me I think was an interesting moment. Interesting 3 years and even during covid because I also think that another think that the military brings is adaptability the ability to just. Really think about analytically think about something and adapt to it right? So it had been a lot easy probably to for me to have a bunch of nervous breakdowns. You know we’re just starting. We’re just getting on. But I think being you know, having been in many situations.

James McWalter

Sure I.

Timothy Kim

Where I had to adapt to very quick and volatile change year over year over year in the service led me to pretty much chill out and calm down and think about what was really important and think about the long game. Rather than having knee trick reactions all the time.

James McWalter

Yeah, absolutely and I echo that you know it’s it’s Gris decision- making you know a lot of the qualities. These are exactly what people who found companies. Um, you know show in spades. Um, but timothy. This’s been absolutely brilliant. Really enjoyed the conversation. Before we break off is there anything I should have asked you about but did not.

Timothy Kim

Know Um, a couple of things. Maybe you know we we are hiring Again. You know we we hire very very selectively but we are hiring in a number of areas from analytics to development. Into Investments. So if folks are interested. Please take a look at our and look at our website feel free to apply to those roles and you know I always want to end these podcasts on a very optimistic note because again we are optimistic by.

Timothy Kim

Nature. So I think what I want to also leave folks with is that we are on a very good track. We are on. We have hit the reset button with the inflation reduction act and the industry has lifted all barriers to achieving the. The the most high schools that we have set for ourselves and so if you’re not part of this industry and you’re interested. You know set your Google’s news news alert and you know follow follow the industry follow law or a company and I think you will be pleasantingly surprised and you know maybe it’s not too much to say hopefully. But. Will restore your trust in humanity as to yeah in the in this age where people are you know you know passing on a lot of misinformation that there’s this very bright spot with renewable energy professionals plowing through plowing ahead. And ensuring that we have the right generation mix the right resiliency you know the the clean energy for future generations to come.

James McWalter

I A about are they? um yeah, it’s the people doing the work. Those are the ones that both have their own optimism and then drive optimism and in the rest of us. Um, thank you so much. It’s been brilliant.

Timothy Kim

Thank you, thank you very much James.

Title: Utility Scale Solar Development – E115

Great to chat with Timothy Kim, CEO at ibV Energy Partners! ibV Energy Partners is leading the clean energy revolution through full-service development of utility-scale solar power plants! We discussed policies toward renewables, challenges in developing solar projects, solar moratorium, grid congestion and more! 

https://carbotnic.com/ibvpartners

Download Podcast Here: https://plinkhq.com/i/1518148418

Remember, If you want to support the podcast please rate and review 5 stars on  Apple, Thanks so much! 

James

The unedited podcast transcript is below

James McWalter

Hello today we’re speaking with Timothy Kim founder and Ceo of Ibv Energy Partners welcome with the podcast Timothy.

Timothy Kim

Thank you Jamies! Thank you very much for inviting me to pleasure to be on.

James McWalter

So brilliant to start. Can you tell us a little bit about Ibv Energy Partners you.

Timothy Kim

Yeah, so we are a utility scale solar and storage development and primary investment company and what that really means is that we develop large scale power plants solar power plants. Usually it’s sighted on. Think our average is cited on little over a thousand acres of land these days. Um and we develop and operate them and sell the electricity to various customers from utilities to corporates such as Amazon to Google to power agencies and municipalities. Um. I started the company in June of 2017 with Robin size. Our co-founder who’s also our executive vp and head of development him and I had worked at a previous company in Florida. He was the head of development I was ahead of finance and m and a and we just clicked really well. Our battle rhythm synced and 2017 off we went and it’s been a journey since.

James McWalter

And I guess in 2017 where you were making that initial decision. How did you see the opportunity at that point why why did did it make sense to say okay, we’re going to Robin and I we’re going to get into it together. So.

Timothy Kim

Well if if I’m going to be honest with you. It actually did not make sense. Um, you know in 2017 right so that this was six months after the Trump administration came in and’m not trying to be political I’m just stating facts here and.

James McWalter

That right.

Timothy Kim

The administration and federal policies towards renewables was not Friendly. You know in in the same year. There were significant tariffs imposed specifically on solar panelddles which which make up about 40 to 50% of the the plant’s investment right. And then there were subsequent tariffs on major components that make up a solar power plant including you know the substructure the steel of the substructure as well as semiconductors. Ah you know and the inverters in many cases they were just outright bands actually.

Timothy Kim

So you know in 1 case huawei as many people if you could remember back then it was basically banned from the federal government as well as ah, hooking into any critical infrastructure telecommunications as well as energy. So um, but look you know. Oftentimes when things don’t make sense. You know the contrarian that I am I kind of look at the long term to ask does it make sense for the long term and energy has always made sense in the long term um the the advent the development of energy and especially you technology.

Timothy Kim

And so from that angle you know the story was very robust investors where half in half out you know there are a number of federal legislations that were that we’re about to expire but we found an excellent home with ibfo group which. Is the largest pure solar ipp independent power producer in the world having done some of the major firsts in the world when it comes to developing and operating solar power plants. So you know the challenge back then when when you’re starting. A company. You’re you know, ambitious and you want to get into those big leak tables is and the question I was always obsessed with is how do we go in in this very fluid environment. How do we go from the back of the line you know, just starting up. To the very front of the line without you know, taking these baby steps. But you know giant leaps and I think that’s what really ah occupied our minds in the first 3 to 4 years I would say until covid came along um and and these days. We now ah have yeah we fast forward. You know, five years later we have approximately eight Gigawatt of solar and storage assets in the queue where one of the largest developers of of solar in in in Nevada where the largest developer of solar in Kentucky.

Timothy Kim

And Louisiana and we’re working with a number of power customers. You know both both in in the renewables and the utility space and the oil and gas space. Um, and we we work with over. We were approximately fifty landowners now.

Timothy Kim

To to develop solar on over fifty Thousand acres across the United States so the story is strong the the and I think the fundamentals are strong looking back in 2017 ah, you know we came out of this this. Fiery arena into into something that looks a little bit more stable now. So.

James McWalter

Yeah, know it’s it’s absolutely fascinating. But yeah, the timing right? and you know being a bit too early is completely fine, right? because you know you kind of have to get through those couple of years and then if you hit that market inflection point which were clearlyty and now you get all that benefit of having laid the groundwork and in those kind of tougher years and you also have. I guess a kind of leaner mentality around certain things you know again I guess one of the kind of frameworks you know so we’re talking about utility scale these very large thousand acre plus ah you know projects and there’s a you know few other flavors of course of of development. We’ve seen a big rise with community solar which are typically in the.

Timothy Kim

Exactly.

James McWalter

20 to maybe one hundred or two hundred acre parcel or project size and then of course you have a commercial industrial that go below that let alone you know the kind of roof mountunted direction when you’re kind of weighing up. You know why did utility scale like appeal to your relative to maybe some of these other options.

Timothy Kim

Yeah I mean that’s ah, that’s a great question for us is optimization and efficiency and that’s it. It would be relatively easier to develop a community solar. Yeah I don’t want to say it’s easy at all I mean it’s not No. Fastsetter Development is easy but developing you know with the community as your power customers. Um on Land often. Ah, you know if if not granted to you then directed to you by the community is a lot easier than.

Timothy Kim

You know, developing on a one thousand acre farmland where you know many many folks decry the use of solar as as a as a conditional conditional use. Um, however, with that being said, you know when I started in this field in 2007 the cost of solar was somewhere around $4 a watt. Um, you know you fast forward from 2007 to 2015 and the cost of solar in 2015 was approximately dollar $25 thirty five watt to pre pandemicmic 2019 where it was about ¢85 a watt. Um, you can only achieve that type of efficiency through utility scale solar because just the sheer amount of power that you are placing you are citing in 1 area. The other part of this is optimization as I mentioned you know optimization going forward. Is going to play a large role in the autonomous side of of of solar deployment solar operations. Um, we believe that you know doing things at a bigger scale lends itself to more optimization practices. Then doing things at a much smaller scale where you are often. You know, kind of ah boxed in into your own design. So this is the reason why we went large.

James McWalter

Absolutely but then I guess the the tradeoff so enlarge and for the listener you know we’re talking I guess $100000000 plus projects in a kind of typical deployment for those who are less familiar with with with watts of of various types. But then in terms of the um so the absolutely it makes sense those efficiencies large scale generate generates these efficiencies and it absolutely drives the entire industry forward and gets us to you know a much healthier mix of electricity from renewables point of view. But I guess then what are some of the major challenges when you’re trying to develop a thousand acre plus project for.

Timothy Kim

Well the the there’s 2 challenges in developing projects these days. Um, there used to be 3 challenges. So let me let me just quickly go over those 3 and then tell you why it’s now to prior the 3 challenges was and in this order.

Timothy Kim

Securing power customer or we what we call an offtaker ah to buy your electricity right? Renewable energy is new utilities. Don’t really understand did not in the past you know you’re talking about mid 2000 s did not really understand it. It was not pervasive across the United States and corporates the rise of corporates as clean energy. Ah, procurers had not materialized until about 21018 so that’s one and that’s important because at the end of the day you could have a fantastic project. But if you don’t have revenues. Ah contracted revenue you know to to underpin it then you’re not going to get financing for it. So the project is is likely not to be built second the grid the grid is highly congested. This was not an issue so much in the past because back in two thousand and fifteen seventeen your big size projects were 50 to hundred megawatts I mean if you did a ah hundred Megawatts in two thousand and fifteen sixteen like I did you, you were kind of sitting at the upper echelons of solar development these days that’s kind of the lower end of utility scale to give you an idea our portfolio average size 175 Megawatts and we’re soon to be moving up to two hundred Megawatts or largest project being well over three hundred Megawatts so so you know again, efficiency and optimization going against the power curve reducing the the level like cost levelized cost of solar your electricity all plays a role in that the third is obviously.

Timothy Kim

When you go into a community and the vast majority I would probably say so we’re way above 90% of large scale solar farms. Do not sit in municipal land because there just isn’t you know enough land in the municipality or is so expensive. That it. It just does not make it worthwhile and in you know, largely it. It sits in unincorporated. Um, you know County land so you know where where a lot of people will reside as well. So obviously it has impact on a community and the community you know. Has been some where has been more than some there. There’s been a lot of debates about the use of prime Farmland and I’m proud to say that ivv enage partners we designed everything with dual use meaning that you know we we we add pollinators the sheeps could feed off the grass were feasible. We invite livestock on our site to to have that intune with nature type of aesthetics for our plants but those are the 3 the offtake portion the first one I talked to you about has gone away for the most part that is not as difficult as it once was.

Timothy Kim

So now it is about congestion and community. Um, do just give you an idea you know we’ve we’ve had a series of articles on this, you know our first article you know thanks to Matt has has been how solar development that developers can work with. Communities and could work with landowners and it doesn’t need to be 1 or the other you know, solar will never take over. Um you know? Yeah, even a significant amount of prime farmland and so I think there’s a lot of myths out there but part we we view part of our job as educating as well as informing the public of. Of of what those myths are and how we get around it and how we can work together.

James McWalter

Yeah, as people as listeners on the podcast knows you know I grew up on ah on a sheep farm and so you know agvoltaics and you know being able to have dual use of land I think is something that it’s It’s fantastic Here. You’re doing and a lot of so developers Historically it was kind of an afterthought and As. All the prime areas to build prime boat from a farmland as well as a solar point of view. Um, you know are are being kind of looked at and and landowners and farmers are being asked to kind of consider these different options I think having that dual use and enabling the farmer and the community that the farmers in to say ok we are still you know. Having that engagement with the land right? because is very powerful because you know farmers are very few people you know decide to become a farmer right? It’s It’s usually this kind of very very cultural and and familial um structure that you’re born into and and I think anything that so developers do to kind of you know. Meet the farmer Halfway I think is going to on nesh be a massive benefit to both parties.

Timothy Kim

Right? Exactly there’s 1 more thing to so be said about this though and you know in this country. We we do believe and I firmly personally believe in the rights of the landowner. You know we either. There’s long history about you know. Private use of land and what you can and cannot do as long as that doesn’t hurt. You know the the existing surrounding landowners. You should be able to do what you feel you you need to do with your land the land that you worked so hard and your family worked so hard to. Either put together or inherited and and farmed or tilt or whatnot. Um, you know the interesting part here is that the folks who are against solar development largely are not farmers.

Timothy Kim

It’s ah surprising to hear this because you would think they are but in fact, it is not them at all. They are actually highly encouraging for solar development use. Not only from a financial benefit right? I mean you got thirty five forty forty five years of lease revenue. But. From the point of view that they cobble together a lot of them have cobbled together this land over decade two decades 3 decades or even generations. Ah and they feel that they have worked hard enough. Their family has worked hard and now they want to reap some of the benefits of passive investments. So.

Timothy Kim

It’s a very interesting dynamic that’s taking place in many rural areas of of this country where farmers are actually proponents of solar development and the ones that are not have nothing really to do with their farm. They just don’t like the idea for you know. Xy and z you know.

James McWalter

And and you’re seeing this in the rise of solar moratoriums that are happening at the you know at the subdivision level where you might have a village and then some folks at the village you like oh you know let’s ban solar from our village and incorporate unincorporated surroundings for like the next two years and I think technically there is some voting going on. But ah, you know, local democracy often struggles to actually get everybody in in that locality to actually engage in it and rein the time of what’s going on and if something’s passed that says there’s this little moratorium moratorium and you’re not able to build for the next year and a half two years um you know the I guess the average time owner there is is a bit out of luck.

Timothy Kim

Yeah, the solar moratorium is is is very concerning and and and you know borderline scary because essentially what they are doing is there. There are some communities for example. We are developing a very large two hundred and seventy five Megawatt solar farm in the southern area of Nevada in this within the city of bolder city as a matter of fact, we actually lease the property from the city. That’s one of the very few projects where we actually lease it and where it’s actually in the the municipality. City of boer city generates a lot of money. Ah from the lease of their solar farms. You know they have a number of solar leases out in that area and they’ve structured a program where they’re very careful because they don’t want to expand they don’t want to expand you know? ah you know in population. But so but they have to cover their you know their their expenses with with with some sort of revenue and that revenue is solar. You know the the amount of benefits that solar tax benefits. It’s just hard benefits really that solar provides to county. Is is numerable I mean you’re talking about again generations of of you know tax impact and and you know to to buy new equipment for the schools provide scholarships by you. We equipment in for the fire and and and police department. We see this these are these are actually.

Timothy Kim

Hard benefits and so when there’s a moratorium often the county and the residents are saying that we don’t want these benefits and then they have to find a new source of revenue to cover costs. Everybody knows that infrastructure um is aging that school buildings are aging and we may very well be in a recession a long one next year and you know it is our hope that we work with you know we certainly strive to work with counties to ensure that they understand this. At the end of end of the day like you said James is there is there a choice you know if they propose a solar moratorium then I think they’re just shooting themselves in the foot for the long run.

James McWalter

Yeah I think one of the things that will I think will change because as people are becoming more familiar with the upsides of these projects I think attitudes will change because right now it’s like oh you know I’ve seen. Ah you know something on Tv there might be some solar panels that seems like a net good. But I don’t really know a ton about them I don’t know that those elements around that’s going to positively affect. You know the tax base within my community I think it’s just going to take a little while as these things kind of spread out as more people are exposed to them that because it’s very easy to say no right? It’s it’s often harder to say yes to things. And so seeing those kind of positive reasons you know having conversations like this you know I’m sure the day-to-day work that you and your team do um, reaching out and engaging the community and the landowners and then those landowners then you know I’m sure we’re talking to their neighbors and people are then starting to you know do the heavy you know day-to-day work. Of making ah you know making these things move in more positive direction. But I guess you know with all these considerations right? So you know where is the solar mertarium. You know where’s or less grid congestion. How do you work through all of that these type different types of information to say. Actually you know what. This community with these two thousand acres in this particular part of the country is actually a great place to build versus this other place. You know, ah 1 state away.

Timothy Kim

Yeah that’s another good question. First of all before I answer that let me just say that I don’t want to pin this ah you know. Solar developers. We have not ourselves done a very good job of informing the company informing the communities at large we’re now starting to do this but we should have done this long time. Our industry should have done this long time ago. We should have done. We should have made a push to decouple. Story of solar from the politics of solar or the politics of green energy or clean energy and so we have to we have to understand yeah as an industry we share a lot of that blame. Um, and yeah, if you go to to websites of a lot of solar development companies. They still don’t tell that story. They don’t explain. Why they’re doing what they’re doing and how they’re working with communities. You know we recently revamped our website and we added the first thing we wanted to do was add a community section and then a long faq section both under our project section as well as our community section 200 let landowners and communities and officials and you know people who are opposed to solar understand that listen, we may not agree on everything but we’re going to be very transparent of how we’re coming about this and why we’re doing this and what the benefits are to you so I would um.

Timothy Kim

I’m just going to give a a shameless plug for our website sure. So if you go to our website ivvenergy.com then you ah scroll through it take a look at it and we hope that the website is not just about Obstin but is about you know turning the tide on.

James McWalter

Sure and we we’ll include that in the show notes as well. Definitely those links. So.

Timothy Kim

Informing the public of you know, investments and development in in community initiatives particularly when it comes to solar. Um, the second part of this is to answer your question. Um, we we do? What’s called analytically driven development that’s kind of a fancy phrase right? But ah. You know anytime there a new industry pops up you you could traces all the way you know the oil and gas semiconductor any industry you know area aviation. There’s always this cowboy mentality right? The cowboy mentality is just go fast. Go hard and let’s figure out the rest later. Um. And that happened in our industry. You know when when you know when we when this industry first began in 2006 you know number of developers just went for land grab and they weren’t really thinking and it yeah know even happens today. Um, which which is really unfortunate. We. We don’t do that. We. We engage in annually driven development where we take a pause and say okay, you know we look at everything from the perspective of of an investor and we we answer the hard questions when we spend a lot of time. A lot of resources a lot of money on you know, modeling out. And researching and analyzing points of interconnection making sure that we feel ourselves comfortable that there’s enough capacity a certain substation that the solar farm could be built that there’s no moratorium we meet with County officials beforehand before we weave even touch a single piece of land.

Timothy Kim

Because I think the the industry has also suffered another blight and that is that of a solar cowboy. Yeah, the speculator that comes in Grabs Land makes big promises and doesn’t deliver and we’ve had to yeah it makes everybody’s job hard and we don’t want to do this. That’s not who we are. And I think we we we were at the forefront you know vanguard of where the energy has to where where the industry has to change and we’re certainly leading that charge.

James McWalter

So and speaking of that you know I come from a software background I’m actually working on some projects in this very space right now where would you like to see more innovation you know where could you know? smart folks coming in maybe with more of a software and data background be building. To service you better solve some of your problems get more projects developed and.

Timothy Kim

Well these days you know and there’s I think it was last week you know I never I almost never want to drop the name Elon muskkin anything because he’s so caught but at same time controversial but also so inspirational you know I mean.

James McWalter

I sure.

Timothy Kim

But but he did come up with ah you know, kind of this funny I don’t know if he was joking or not but he he said that you know either tesla or somebody should develop software for developers to engage in more predictive and precise predictive analysis of. Of of grid congestion and the costs associated to plug in the solar power plant to the grid. That’s a number one I would say even more than you know the not in my backyard type of folks congestion is actually the number 1 issue plaguing the industry right now the inability to predict. Your network upgrades. So let’s say that you have a power plant. You already spent $3000000 developing studies. You know engineering you know permitting all that stuff communities great with you. everything looks fine everything looks clean you go through this 4 or 5 sometimes 6 year interconnection study cycle. Where you just have to put more money and more money and more money for every study that you want to advance to and then all of a sudden you put $10000000 at the end and the last study comes back and says that your project is now uneconomical. You just drop $10000000 and do you think that those types of companies are going to come back from that you know. Um, so we need a lot more engagement with the transmission organizations the independent system operators and folks who have the insight but are not willing to open source their information.

Timothy Kim

The betterment of the industry and I hopefully software could plug a lot of that holes in in in bringing that information out from those transmission organizations and utilities into open source and then allowing you know developers such as ours a platform to subscribe to that. Information that would be interesting.

James McWalter

And yet yeah, it’s very interesting because ah, a lot of the space like the incentives are just all not fully aligned in a way that would make these things easier and as easy as they should be right. And so you often have the utility or the grid operator or the operator of the transmission and the Iso. Whatever it may be um, yeah, they’re incentivized to ah you know freerability right? So various types and maybe a couple other incentives that are built into their their model. Whatever it may be. And then you have individual developers like yourselves who are trying to figure out look you know we know we’re going to be building a lot of renewables just tell us where to build right? like at the end of the day if you could just direct us and say hey 10 developers who are bidding into a particular market It’s definitely going to make sense to be along this. You know one hundred mile piece of transmission and then. You know you still have to do the studies and you know so to make make sure that things actually make sense. But at least give some kind of top level direction and I think there are definitely some kind of national initiatives I’ve been reading about I’m researching that I think will help at some of this at the margin. But I do think that ah, until there is just a You know, a very very strong, bidirectional communication between developers and developer trade groups and those who are managing the for mission congestion capacity like yeah I think some yeah I don’t know think ah the the cold war nears to end to a certain extent so that we can eventually get that data revealed and.

James McWalter

Then you know then software people can build on top of that data.

Timothy Kim

yeah yeah I think software has played a very outsized role in our company. You know I was looking at our fiscal year twenty three budget just today and yeah, we’re adding on 4 more software platforms. And these are not cheap by the way right? So um, you know the the question you know as Ceo always has to ask is um where if I have that extra dollar where do I spend it on and it’s more and more coming back on the software piece because just.

James McWalter

Threat.

Timothy Kim

As as this industry matures and becomes far more sophisticated. It’s mimicking that of the oil and gas industry which is already complex right? Um, and you know if if once it goes starts going really starts ramping up that that that. Analytical chain There’s not enough people not enough folks to to keep up with the the fast moving information and its impacts to to your portfolio both from opportunity and risk perspective. So. This is very the software is going to be very very important and I see a lot of ah consolidation in the industry that’s going to take place in the next two or three years that’s my prediction at least.

James McWalter

And yeah, absolutely and I’m also somewhat in this space myself my own company and you know there’s a lot of companies in our size range in the kind of dozen or so people and I agree I think there will be ah quite a few quite a number fewer of us in a couple of years because

James McWalter

Um, there’s a lot of I think duplication and then once you string along some of these functionalities. Um I think then you start to have you know, really powerful software right? Like what is the sales force of development. Um I think that’s that’s a question or the yearp system of development I Think that’s this question that more and more people are going to start asking. But.

Timothy Kim

Yeah, yeah.

James McWalter

It’s a pretty complicated piece of software to your point and I think that is going to take a while to emerge. But when it does emerge I think it probably will be a combination of some of these smaller orgs and I guess one of the you know so we talked about the kind of digital transformation of the space and the other I think big piece that we touched on earlier briefly. But I think I would love to get in your thoughts on is the inflation reduction act. Um, I’ve made this joke before but ah I call it ira because being irish and from Ireland you know calling it the ira for the next decade is is is a bridge too far for me. Um, so I guess you know Ira I think it came out of the blue all of a sudden There was a lot of false stans around you know a climate bill coming out of the current congress.

James McWalter

And finally passed and I think it was a net probably more promising and than I think a lot of people were expecting. Um, how do you think it’s going to I guess directly affect you guys over the next 2 to 3 years right.

Timothy Kim

Well I think the biggest effect here is that it provides confidence to investors. Um, you know, solar developers. We’re optimistic and we have to be by nature right? So the moon where the sun is always up the the glasses always have full regardless what happens. But investors are are of course a different breed sometimes um before the ira there were a number of debates legislation potential legislation that kind of came in and out. Of of both administrations that we’re going to promise everything from the stars to nothing at all, right Um, and I think that made it very difficult for investors to understand how do I plan capital allocation for the next x amount of years and that’s important because the the. The the lifecycle of a development of just a single project right? Just 1 project. Let’s take a hundred megat project anywhere in the United States is approximately four going on to 5 years now. That’s how long it takes for you to conceiv from the time you conceive the project to the time that you you you know, build it. So you need to have this long path of confidence that from the time that you sign up, you know your your option agreements and your lease agreements your land agreements your power agreements and and putting the first million dollars at the door and development capital.

Timothy Kim

To time you bill it. There’s actually going to be yeah, supported legislation and there was not a that before so with with the inflation reduction act. Um, you know more than anything it. It says to investors you know.

Timothy Kim

America is a safe place of investing. It’s a long-term place for your investments. It’s a stable place and we have a renewed interest in seeing clean energy become a dominant form of the energy mix up until at least 2032 or whatever you know? Um, so. You know that that is how I look at it and anytime that you speak to a Ceo you know they’re always worried about their shareholder expectations right? to understand. Okay, well you know there’s only a you know finite amount of capital both in the world and apply to our company. You know where is the best way to use it and when should I use it and the when now is being answered by the the propellant of the ira you’re seeing a number of new projects and initiatives go into the queue and targeting you know, even the manufacturing side. Ah, the bill which you know aims to bring you know panel manufacturing back home back to the United States so of course overall is a good thing. You know. But yeah, if you’re remembering the billback better act the climate change provision of that was something like one point three trillion

Timothy Kim

So the ira is not 370000000000 I mean not just only but it is three seventy billion so it’s it’s one fourth sort of give or take of of what we were trying to achieve we’ll make do we’ll be fine but that also tells me that there’s a lot more to go. And that we could do a lot better as well.

James McWalter

Um, and I think even with that and I fully agree. Um, yeah I think we’re because of that gap between the 1.3 and what? what just shy of 400 that yeah that that came in I think what’s we’re going to be very reliant on is you know.

Timothy Kim

Three seventy yeah

James McWalter

The cost curves for solar and then also some of the operational and digitization elements making things more efficient to bring them the cost to make the deployment and then be very dependent on things like state and local initiatives who are you know making various commitments as well as the corporate commitments of various types another piece that ah. I’ve been kind of chatting to a few folks about is the labor side and talent side. How do you think about? you know the talent mix available to develop the types of projects you work on right? You’re continuing to ramp up develop evermore. Um, you have you know, traditional blue colllar jobs that are you know are deploying the actual assets themselves. We’ve talked about the Analytics. We talked about financing Developers. You know they’re going literally around in trucks to try to get things done. Um. How do you think about how difficult it is Do. We have the right kind of talent mix. Um are there gaps that we should have you know either policy or smart entrepreneurs should be looking at filling those gaps and.

Timothy Kim

Yeah I mean 2 things on this first. Let’s just go back to the Ira it compels developers to use apprentices during the construction phase as well as the operational phase which is very smart because you know you you want you want a catalyst. To build long-term talent in this in this area. That’s first of all the second you know as a subset to that through the ira discussion prevailing wage shops are also going to be a large. Very large part of solar construction moving forward prior to that you know the yeah prevailing wage union jobs were only used when you know it had to be so you’re talking about California type Projects New England you know states where there was no right to work provision. But now you’re talking about high payying wage jobss all throughout the United States specifically tied to deployment of solar and wind and and green hydro and everything else that the that that was kind of snuck under stuck under the Ira Bill so those 2 apprenticeships and prevailing wage are going to drive a lot of interest and movement of human capital towards this industry I firmly believe that um the second part of it is more I would say the white collar jobs. Um.

Timothy Kim

The interesting thing is that we’re now starting to see a number of folks I don’t know whether it’s due the Ira or or is just kind of a bound to happen but a number of folks coming from other into the industries mainly oil and gas and coal. Coming to into the renewable energy industry and bringing their talents and all their experience and sophisticated skills with them. So I think the question of will we have enough talent is really not for renewable energy Industry. It’s really for the oil and gas industry because.

Timothy Kim

These days if you’re a energy major. You know, bachelor’s master’s pc, whatever you are and you you, you’re kind of looking around and you’re saying to yourself where do I want to make my mark in the world. You know. I don’t know I mean oil and gas I don’t get really I don’t really see that see many people going flocking towards that you know the next the generation of folks are graduating. So I think in the five to 10 years. Oil and gas is going to have a talent problem if thunder if they’re not already having 1 right now.

James McWalter

Yeah, absolutely I was actually talking to a canadian oil and gas company who’s actually made quite a ton of money recently with the using. Um you know, getting stuff out of the tar sounds in in Southern Canada and then wait $100 barrel recently and their immediate. Ah, kind of internal initiative is how do we deploy this $4000000000 into renewables because this is like a 1 ne-time like spent like like increase in our net revenue and to try to grow this kind of tiny fledgling renewables group that they have on the side of the business. Um, because that’s where all the upside is and that’s honestly as you said 1 of the ways they can. You know retain talent and and drag talent by saying like oh we actually also have this this piece um said makes a to of sense. Also let’s looking at your your own background and I saw that you spent number of years in the Navy um, how does that kind of influence how you you build and lead a company. So.

Timothy Kim

Yeah, you know I’ve gotten this question a lot and I still haven’t and maybe we’re better from worse. But I don’t have an elevator pitch answer to that I think it’s affected me greatly. This is first.

James McWalter

So.

Timothy Kim

So yeah I would probably say has been the main driver of the way that I manage the company and the visions the thoughts that I have and how I bring that and materialize that to execution stage. Um, maybe one of these days I’ll figure it out with ah with a good psychologist.

Timothy Kim

How exactly you know it’s impacted me but I think it’s impacted me in in very soft ways that have accumulated into very you know hard approaches and to executable approaches into my personality look I mean anybody who’s served in the military or served with folks. You know the military is a very can do attitude right? It actually and I still I’m still involved in a lot of national security and and military initiatives and I was reading one. Um journal in the naval law. Publication call proceedings where that Cando attitude is actually starting to become poisonous because nobody’s actually speaking truth to power anymore. They’re just saying yes, yes, yes, we can do it and if won’t find out. You cannot um.

Timothy Kim

But I think that’s one of the things 1 of the aspects main aspects that has affected me that there is no such thing as a no there’s no such thing as you can’t get that done and then you kind of flank that with with different skills set like project management leadership organizational et cetera etc. Um. And then you come up with kind of this talent ecosystem which I think is very ripe for leaning of organization such as the one we are in today. Um I will say that in the early stages as I spoke about 2017 18 nineteen when this industry was going through some very difficult times. Um, you know that to me I think was an interesting moment. Interesting 3 years and even during covid because I also think that another think that the military brings is adaptability the ability to just. Really think about analytically think about something and adapt to it right? So it had been a lot easy probably to for me to have a bunch of nervous breakdowns. You know we’re just starting. We’re just getting on. But I think being you know, having been in many situations.

James McWalter

Sure I.

Timothy Kim

Where I had to adapt to very quick and volatile change year over year over year in the service led me to pretty much chill out and calm down and think about what was really important and think about the long game. Rather than having knee trick reactions all the time.

James McWalter

Yeah, absolutely and I echo that you know it’s it’s Gris decision- making you know a lot of the qualities. These are exactly what people who found companies. Um, you know show in spades. Um, but timothy. This’s been absolutely brilliant. Really enjoyed the conversation. Before we break off is there anything I should have asked you about but did not.

Timothy Kim

Know Um, a couple of things. Maybe you know we we are hiring Again. You know we we hire very very selectively but we are hiring in a number of areas from analytics to development. Into Investments. So if folks are interested. Please take a look at our and look at our website feel free to apply to those roles and you know I always want to end these podcasts on a very optimistic note because again we are optimistic by.

Timothy Kim

Nature. So I think what I want to also leave folks with is that we are on a very good track. We are on. We have hit the reset button with the inflation reduction act and the industry has lifted all barriers to achieving the. The the most high schools that we have set for ourselves and so if you’re not part of this industry and you’re interested. You know set your Google’s news news alert and you know follow follow the industry follow law or a company and I think you will be pleasantingly surprised and you know maybe it’s not too much to say hopefully. But. Will restore your trust in humanity as to yeah in the in this age where people are you know you know passing on a lot of misinformation that there’s this very bright spot with renewable energy professionals plowing through plowing ahead. And ensuring that we have the right generation mix the right resiliency you know the the clean energy for future generations to come.

James McWalter

I A about are they? um yeah, it’s the people doing the work. Those are the ones that both have their own optimism and then drive optimism and in the rest of us. Um, thank you so much. It’s been brilliant.

Timothy Kim

Thank you, thank you very much James.

Investing in Climate Tech – E113

Great to chat with Matt Ward, partner at 4WARDVC and host at The Startup Tank Climate Investor Pitch Show! 4WARD.VC invests in mission-driven pre-seed and seed-stage climate startups moving the world forward! ! We discussed climate economics, getting the timing right when starting a climate company, what makes a good pitch, the important of team, tam and timing in investing and more! 

https://carbotnic.com/4WRDVC

The Ultimate Climate Investor VC Database

Download Podcast Here: https://plinkhq.com/i/1518148418

Remember, If you want to support the podcast please rate and review 5 stars on  Apple, Thanks so much! 

James

The unedited podcast transcript is below

James McWalter

Hello today we’re speaking with Matt Ward partner at 4WRDVC and host the startup tank climate investor pitch, welcome to podcast match brilliant to start would could you tell us a little bit about forward. Vc.

Matt Ward

Hey James thanks for having me.

Matt Ward

I Will I wish I had that awesome accent to make it sound better. So an early-stage climate Syndicate I E a group of Investors Lps Family offices, rich doctors around the world who want their money to do more than just be in a bank account or focused on stock. So we invest in.

Matt Ward

The most promising climate companies preseed and seed in Europe North america and Israel with a focus on the sci-fiesque startups that are changing the world in big ways and founders that something about them. You would bet on them regardless of what they’re doing. This is the kind of person that you say. This is an absolute winner doing massive things and they’re they’re going to succeed because venture is a game of exponential outliers and we we try to not only find those exponential outliers but also be a little of the of the steroids so to speak that make them a success. So. Since since starting forward a big part of my my mission was to do something that truly mattered I’d done so much in the past on ecommerce d to cbtwo b things that just didn’t feel that impactful so I worked on connecting with that over the course of the last year Seven hundred and eighty is actually the number I just published the new database today climate funds incubators accelerators corporate vcs trying to become super well connected in the space and that’s kind of how we how we use our syndicate we invest in companies. But we say we’re not going to be the biggest check at the table but we’re going to be. The biggest hustler we’re going to be the one who introduces you to twenty thirty Forty investors a bunch of clients etc so that we help you succeed. And yeah, that’s kind of us.

James McWalter

So Yeah, and I’d love to dig in more than into the founding story. So yeah, you believe you’re entrepreneur you were working on these other these other companies projects and so on and so when you’re trying to think through ways of Impact. Why did venture seem so appealing relative to potentially other options that were available to you and.

Matt Ward

So I I actually wrote a blog post about it 1 time and it was ah why I wanted to I wanted to make an f ton of money so I could be a good person and the the concept was and what I always had in my head tried to have a bunch of money so that I can focus on.

James McWalter

And character.

Matt Ward

Using those money that money that resources and my time on things that truly mattered if I want to make an impact for instance in Africa I could go and build houses and then I’m one hammer or I could go and sell the hammers helping people build houses and then it’s more hammers or I could create a company that’s. Building houses in Africa and then I’ve got a certain multiplier or I could have the company that’s helping other companies create house building ah or architect firms or I could be the one who’s lending the money and helping and you just get that exponential return the farther up that stack that you get and that’s why I was always interested in venture. So. Rewind a few years I I ran a podcast the syndicate which was my way of hacking myself into the scene of venture and startups I interviewed 10050 vcs and climate invest not climate investors sorry investors that were focused on early stage with the goal of starting a syndicate and ultimately a fund. Things were things were going pretty well that had kind of been on my radar for a while I ran another podcast the disruptors which was a long form Ted. All things exponential technology which was meant to be the deal flow and then my plan was to start getting into this and doing what I’m doing now but just several years ago things fell through on a. Earn out basis some Trump put his tariffs in place between the us and China the guy that bought my business ran a trade company between the us and China my business was an e-commerce business between the us and China so then I got back to working with ah working with startups on started gene growth.

James McWalter

Sure.

James McWalter

And then um, you know as you were kind of thinking through the I Love this analogy of yeah ways of having leverage right from the individual person hitting the hammer or building the hammer all the way through to like these high leverage kind of ideas around deploying the hammers and. Basically being picks and shovels if you will to kind of slightly change the metaphor when you’re kind of thinking through that. Ah, how do you think through like ah the emergence of an investment thesis. You know you talked about outlier individuals um working on know expenditure technology. Um, but ah, you know I think a lot of yeah feces will so say something similar. And so how do you think through the the different options around developing a specific thesis that you know suited or had the impact on the world that you wanted to have.

Matt Ward

Absolutely so I’d I’d spoken with a lot of investors at the time or and throughout that time and spoken with a lot of people in the climate impact space as well as well as scientists politicians startup founders probably. Probably interviewed about a thousand founders from previous podcasts. So I got a bit of a a bit of a framework there but the framework I like when it comes to venture evaluating something as a venture return or not I like the three t so teamamm timing. So Tam is this a massive massive market. So think multimalbillions. And either growing very quickly or incredibly outdated and right for disruption that’s check 1 check to the timing. Why is this something that’s possible now but wasn’t possible. 1 2 3 years ago because if it was possible three years ago why aren’t there other people doing it t number 3 the most important team. So. As I said in venture it’s ah it’s a game of venture is a game of winners and everybody else and that’s just how it works out because there is so much artificial fuel that gets pumped into it. You have the massive outcomes the hundred the thousand the ten Thousand x’s and then you have a lot of subpar performances. Unfortunately so you’ve got to have. Those outlier returns the other 2 kind of categories or ways I think about things are what’s the defensibility is there ipnetwork effects business moats, etc. What allows you to build this and then have this be something successful that not everybody knocks off within the next couple of years and going along the lines of that.

Matt Ward

There’s got to be a bit of crazy if it’s a if it’s a good idea quote unquote and everyone thinks it’s a good idea. It means it’s a terrible idea because if there’s going to be either a ton of competition or there already is there’ll be lots of funding and you’ll never be able to make any money so just on a venture side of things. That’s how I think about things now when it comes to an impact side of things that. A lot of vcs have different frameworks on how they think about things so some say okay carbon emission reduction some say carbon capture some say amounts of waste reduced etc in my opinion having a metric like that is actually the wrong approach because it very much limits you on what you can focus on a and b and more importantly. When was the last time you started a startup came up with the numbers and everything went according to plan the the lcas all the numbers are made up and going to be wrong and then you’re going to pivot in 2 years and things are going to be different and at the end you’re also cutting out ah a huge portion of companies where oh they’re not mitigating. Ah.

James McWalter

Sure.

Matt Ward

Gigaton They’re mitigating half a gigaton I Guess they’re not worth investing in and that just that just seems absurd to me So the the framework I have is what I like to call climate Economics I Actually just wrote a post about this if you guys want to check it out forward dot Vc so number fourward.vc investing in companies that move the world forward. That’s our little kicked phrase. But. Climate Economics What I How I think about it is there’s unit Economics. So for every for every um bagel that I sell or sandwich or box or service or new client or new etc. What how much are you making margins wise if it’s net positive then you’re making money. Well I have climate economics a similar concept for every product you sell for every new service. New client etc. Are you having proportionally positive and um improvements or benefits on the world in the climate if you are, you’re a climate company that checks the box. That’s my. Back at the envelope math because it means as you grow and Scale. You’re making the world a better place if it’s not something where it’s proportional and it kind of tailors off then there’s ah, there’s a questionableness to it.

James McWalter

I Yeah, it’s very interesting I actually have ah a friend who is a climate founder and he basically has a similar framework around what you call climate economics but he’s a bit harsher. He’s like there’s real climate companies. There’s fake climate companies right? and it like real climate companies is their business model impacts climate in a positive way.

Matt Ward

Ah, no I Totally I Totally agree.

James McWalter

Right? Or or has’t necessarily just climate but to your point like this kind of larger framework of sustainability because you know one of the struggles is like if you’re a company that’s figuring out how to you know conserve water at scale through better monitoring of you know water pipelines something along those lines that doesn’t really have like a direct carbon impact. But. I Think there’d be very few people who say wouldn’t say that that’s a massive neck good for the world for the you know for the environment and so on Um, and so I think it’s but it it all again. Depends does the business model actually tie to that upside impact.

Matt Ward

Exactly because if it doesn’t tie to the upside impact either while it scales. It’s no longer going to create the same type of impact or while it scales the the most beautiful model for any um government or land in the world is ah. Is the kind of happy. But um, what there’s a term for it. Beneficial dictator. What’s the benevolent dictator. The problem is you don’t know what the benevolent dictator son or daughter is going to be and that’s the problem when you have companies that don’t have this in their core Dna and business model is once you. Ah once you transition from.

James McWalter

And.

Matt Ward

Doing good. Well maybe you bring in the next Ceo who is doing good. But if we’re if we’re public and we’ve got these different incentives and suddenly we need to change thing a little bit eventually Google erases that don’t be evil thing from there from their corporate motto so to speak and then it’s all downhill from there.

James McWalter

Right? And and you can get obviously in Google is quite big and as you were talking I was thinking about the Google example before you mentioned it and yeah and I think there is definitely a you know an an inflection point that happens later in a company’s ah history and you know I actually think about in the Karmo Creditd space in particular. There’s a lot of I think understandable choices that certain companies will make where they want to be the measurement of the carbon as well as the marketplace of the carbon which when you’re like a pre-series c company makes a ton of sense right? These are small emergent markets. Measuring carbon is very very difficult, especially for some specific methodology right? like carbon and trees or carbon and soil. You know these kind of um, you know naturebased solutions type carbon measurements. These are you know, emergent industries and so getting a business model to sit just from measurement is quite difficult so a lot of them become maripas as well. And that flies I think at a certain size but equally when you get large enough. It’s like you don’t want the company doing the the measurements and the ratings be the company that sets the price and I think we’re going to also as company small they get ah not get away in a like a negative way like again people are just trying to figure out how to build markets in the first place. But as some of these industries grow larger. There will have to be I think segmentation in order to actually for that type of ah the legitimacy of these markets to get to that next level and so you do have these kind of balances like it’s easier to be ethical when you’re smaller. Um, but as you get larger, you know there’s more scrutiny and you have to be ah able to respond to that.

Matt Ward

Ethical or under the radar you mean Amazon shouldn’t pe out to own the marketplace and the products they sell and let other people sell and I totally agree. We’re not huge on carbon credit and carbon marketplace business models just because it feels like more of a.

James McWalter

I Call me crazy but probably not right at at some point. Yeah yeah.

Matt Ward

Ah, vitamin or ah or ah this was it feels like you’re relying on better nature to make things happen and at the same time We all know how to lose weight and not be obese and yet the majority of the world has a problem with that. So Sometimes I think you need to forcibly make change for for us though or for how I would think about it if you’re building a carbon monitoring solution instead of building the platform just be the referral engine for the other marketplaces. So Then you’re getting paid as a service provider and you’re getting paid for The. The the commissions or the referrals to a different marketplace then you don’t have to build both misses Models. You don’t have the conflict of interest and you don’t need to have 2 different teams.

James McWalter

I yeah and that makes a ton of sense to me I’d love to go through this teamtown timing and a bit more depth in each of those um because I actually think in the climate space. There. Some really interesting you know elements that are kind of difficult boat on the you know founder side as well as the investor side and. Want to start with Tam so every time I talk to climate founders. Ah you know, particularly those are fundraising. There’s always this you know I have a tam problem this comes up quite a lot because you have these 2 ideas in mind first if we truly take a you know full societal. You know all guns blazing. Ah. Approach to mitigating the worst effects of climate change tam should not be a problem as long as you’re taking a nice slice of the world economy right? because the world economy will be a climate- focusedcused. Ah you know approach at some point on the other hand a lot of these things are completely emergent right? You know whether you’re talking about. Ah you know, certain types of advanced materials. What you’re talking about. Even. You know, solar and and wind which are probably as you know mainstream as any of these technologies but are still combined in the United States less than 12% of total electricity generation. Ah you know there’s kind of the sense of like okay these things can and should be massive. But maybe today they’re so emergent or so small. You really have to kind of squint to try to identify like what an actual tam might look like how do you think about? you know, balancing. Ah you know the types of things that would have to be true for the time to be large enough to be venture backable versus you know what it actually might be right today.

Matt Ward

It’s the tam and it’s also the timing. So the only thing that’s worse than being ah wrong is being right? but with the wrong timing and that’s that’s one of the big problems with Vc you’re either if you’re too early you fail if you’re too late you fail you’ve got to get the timing right.

James McWalter

And.

Matt Ward

Um, that’s ah, that’s a great great question I think looking at like the Cr so the annualized compounded growth how that’s scaling can be 1 way to see if things are starting to take off. You can also part of it’s going to just have to be got instinct to be honest, so. People may have thought that augmented reality or get whatever the technology was ready at x stage and then five years later it’s still at the same place Ray Kurzweil has been telling us for at least 20 years that a I will be here in 20 years um I think for how I think about it. I try to look at where I see the intersections with other technologies coming into into play where you see the incentives so a lot of times with climate tech in particular incentives play a big role so are there carbon taxes coming or are there carbon monitoring requirements coming or are. Eu grants and other things pushing these things forward and if they are does it feel like there’s enough forward momentum to make that stick at the same time they’ve got to have a large enough market now to attack. But it in venture the better. The question shouldn’t be what happens if it goes wrong or. Is this the right wrong timing or but it should be what happens if it goes right? and that’s that’s kind of the that’s kind of the caveat. So having those different filters in place helps you weed out winners and losers. But then like I said with forward Vc.

Matt Ward

Ah I’ve spent the last year trying to connect with all the all the big players in the space. The corporates the vcs the investors the incubators everyone so that even if it isn’t necessarily perfect. We push. Ah, we push our companies into positions where suddenly they have that. Perfect irregardless because everything comes down to everything comes down to execution and connections. But that one step can make a big difference if you suddenly had a conversation earlier with with Honda’s um cvc unit and suddenly if we’re able to introduce them to the it. Battery company. We just invested in and Honda decides to go forward. That’s like a hundred steps forward for a on the battery company despite it only being one small little deal which can ah which can help with things like timing and help with things like acceleration so they can get to scale.

James McWalter

Yeah, and actually that that does raise. Um, so one of the things just because you mentioned it before I want to get on to the team. But this is kind of very interesting situation around lps. So for the audience limited partners. Um, the folks who basically invest into the. You know the funders syndicate and are typically you know at ah like ah not directly interacting with the entrepreneur but a lot of lps are you know might be experts in a given domain that might have an impact and upside impacts from to what you mentioned. You know, maybe they’re you’re in the energy space and a large energy company or anewable energy company is an lp of a fund that might invest in yeah, it’s been actually quite surprising to me having gone through a couple of fundraisers of my own in the last year and and you know close and have great. Ah great investors and so on that there’s a lot of talk. Of of how lps can help portfolio companies but not just from my own experience but like talking to a lot of founders who in the climate space generally the lps have not really come to fruition in the way that I think that both the investors hoped as well as the entrepreneurs hoped. How do you think about that balance of you know, actually. You know, getting a better connection between lps who in theory right? Or in the domain could be that first customer or seventh customer that has a big impact or even just on the advice side. Um, versus maybe the status quo isn’t quite there in terms of the lp you know, accelerating the growth of an individual startup. So.

Matt Ward

I Think it really depends So a lot of our lps are individual Angels or operators and generally they like to be hands-on value ad where possible because they’ve been in that Boat. They’re involved and they want to see their investments grow then there’s the larger Scale Lps. Where you’re talking primarily Corporate is what it sounds like the questions leaning towards I think then you have to have some type of urgency in the in the offer so to speak so I was at a climate meetup last night and randomly on the way home before hopping into the tram I bumped into the the head of innovation with donone um or done.

James McWalter

I yeah.

Matt Ward

Dano and I’m not sure how it’s pronounced one of the the top ah food companies in the world and I’m advising a company now called climate crop in Israel they’ve discovered a protein that increases yields 20 to 90% in all crops and say it’s not native to the to the crop.

James McWalter

Oh.

Matt Ward

And it increases carbon capture it doubles the carbon capture. So the approach I’ve I’ve kind of suggested to them and the approach I brought up last night as well as look we um, we’ve got technology for food companies to half their carbon footprint and we’re looking to Crown winners in different ah in different sectors.

Matt Ward

That winner can be denona or it can be kelloggs and we’re trying to figure out who we should work with should we have a serious conversation kind of thing and I think founders can do similar things as well where if there are other players involved and look I can either go to poorsche or I can go to Bmw. Um.

Matt Ward

Where do where do you think this would be more valuable or we’d like to go to porsche because my dad had a porsche or whatever The reason is that you need to have to get that conversation going because the last thing that they want is to fall behind their competition.

James McWalter

I yeah, that makes a ton of sense and I just side note um as you mentioned danon so I was the english tutor of a the known executive in Genoa Italy in the summer of 2006 Very very long time ago just that’s my major impact with the known. Um, it’s just kind of random thing. 1 of 1 of those kind of weird jobs. Um, and yeah, at that time we would just talk about the the strategy that they were working on because he was just trying to learn english to or improve his english to talk strategy and so I I was probably told things yeah very out of date at this point but in 2006 I was like oh I know all the about the Knowns. Ah. European expansion plans at that time. Yeah they’re they’re doing great and they’re moving into the you know the alternative dairy and and so on and in this very interesting way. Um, love to get then onto the team side of things so you know I guess when I think about like a classic you know Silicon Valley type

Matt Ward

They seem to have gone very well.

James McWalter

Founding team. You know you’re talking 2 founders 1 may be more businessorientated one maybe more technical often boat or technical but just one you know focuses more on the fundraising and the customer acquisition. Um, they are typically coming from a mixture of other startups potentially or even big tech and. They’re very kind of software driven when I think about the climate space because we are have really any effect right? We are trying to change atoms. You know we we are trying to do something with Carven levels. We’re trying to do some different elements with the built environment. Whatever it may be you start to see. Okay, how do we actually get maybe the. People on the technical side who are maybe not coming directly from software background but often are coming from more academic backgrounds where the cutting edge science often is when you’re looking at like teams. How do you think about what a good mix of team members are are there particular attributes. You’re looking for and how important I guess is domain knowledge in the climate space relative to. You know more generalist founders who can just move fast and and like us break things even though that phrase has obviously been broken. Um by by Facebook’s shenanigans

Matt Ward

I think it depends I like to see even even more so I just my my my feeling and what I’ve learned and seen in the space is winners win and everybody else comes in second. And that’s just kind of Ben been the experience. That’s what I’ve learned from other investors as well when we evaluate teams. We I mean we love to see great universities. Um, incredible expertise people that have experience in the space serial founders. Well-connected.

Matt Ward

But it also has to be that person where where you talk to them. You get that? Holy shit feeling like there’s something special about this person. Maybe you get the Goose bumps. They’re an incredible salesperson. They’re incredibly charismatic. Those aren’t. As much as we don’t want those to be important things those are incredibly important when it comes to being successful in this space because you have to attract funding you have to attract talent you have to be able to sell to customers. You have to have something tangible about that about you that gets people to say yes, excuse me so we definitely look for. Those type of characteristics will do reference checks as well on founders to see what other folks have to say about them as a person as a leader as an employee one of the checks I like to ask as well is would you would you leave your current job to go work for them or would you invest in their company now. Ah, that can be incredibly valuable and then the dynamic between the 2 partners how well do they know each other where do they know each other from why did they come together. Do they have complementary skill sets have they had and do can they have hard discussions. Those are those are some of the things that I think about. As well as we work with a lot of accelerators. So as I said ah we’ve reached out to a lot of climate funds and accelerators. We’ve actually got a full vc database on our website for anybody interested. It’s just four ward dot vc vc database with all those now funds accelerators, etc. Filterable by stage sector geography check size.

Matt Ward

But with that there’s some that we really like and know so we’ll we’ll rely on other funds other accelerators etc for help on the due diligence on the tech side but also on the people side of things so company like I can’t really announce that one yet, but that we’re investing in now went through. Ah, prominent accelerator that we know really well and has a couple of lead investors in the round that we know really well and every single person said about this founder that ah she’s an absolute machine and just performance an incredible leader the kind of person you absolutely want to invest in and that was. Ah, hundred percent my experience when when dealing with her and that’s why we’re investing in the company alongside incredible tech that is circular and world changing. It’s the people that know this person believe completely in this person and that conviction is pretty strong. And it’s a pretty strong indicator of success.

James McWalter

I yeah, it’s it’s really interesting. Um, because you know again I’d love to kind of bring in some of my and recent experience fundraising yeah know and we we’re very lucky. We were quite successful in our in both of our fundraises this year and previous I had tried to raise things and never gotten anywhere and so you know I’ve seen both sides of it. And I think what’s really interesting about what what was shocking to me is how quick a investor will move after that first call um like of our you know nearly 3000000 invested I would say more than 70% were on the basis of a total of maybe two and a half to 3 hours of calls across all investors like of those investors that invested. Um, you know often. It’s a 30 minute call there’s yeah I’m I’m sure there’s a ton. Obviously that goes on behind the scenes but in terms of the founder’s own time with the investor. It’s.

Matt Ward

The half.

James McWalter

Been quite low and it’s just been very very so you know interesting to me about how these large 7 figure decisions get made. Um you know? and yeah I come from a farming background where yeah these numbers are you know, kind of extraordinary. Um, and so you know when you kind of think about. Yeah you kind of went through. You know, especially if they’re connecting to other investors and like that that kind of shared due diligence and you know it sounds like you’re new to getting a specific vibe off them in the first 10 or 15 minutes um you know I guess how do you kind of think through after the fact, right? because some some people are ah you know, just ah has.

Matt Ward

Adam Newman yeah

James McWalter

Yeah, exactly. Um, we actually I was at the the Yc and the batch event last week and one of the talks was how to identify high functioning sociopaths was part of it was like oh they very they interview very very well and so yeah I guess how do you think through? Um, you know when. I guess like warning signs because you absolutely as a venture you know, somebody who’s looking for outside returns are looking to to say yes, right? rather than say no and in many cases. But yeah I guess how do you balance that aspect of okay I’m only going to be talking to this person for you know an hour before I put in 6 or 7 figures into them.

Matt Ward

I would say the high functioning sociopath isn’t necessarily a bad thing if you were to look at public market ceos I want to say 20% of them at the very least are categorized as um, is it sociopath or narcissist. It’s one of the other.

Matt Ward

But there there is something about that personality trait that does lead to massive desires for success and massive abilities to recruit and build Now. That’s not to say this is good or bad. It’s just that’s kind of how the how the stats spoil out What what we look for or what I look for is. At the same time trying to have the the doubt in the gotchas of trying to avoid getting tricked by something doing the due diligence of making sure the text solid making sure the people are solid with reference checks. But it’s um, yeah I won’t lie and Say. It’s It’s a challenge and we try to build up relationships over time with founders. But that’s not always possible. Sometimes we’ll come in once there’s already a larger vc in the round and we’ll just be doing a smaller Check. Sometimes it’s worth incredibly convinced by the founder and then we’ll go out and actively scout our network For. Intros of these are the investors we want to be involved and bring them and try to bring them into the round.. That’s that’s a little bit more of how how we operate.

James McWalter

And because I know you have ah your the startup tank climate investor Pitch show. Um, which I’ve watched some you know, many a video of and yeah, sounds quite inspired by by Shark Tank and what’s interesting actually about Shark Tank which I’ve yeah watched for many years which. My wife and you know is that they generally are looking for reasons to say no right? So It’s like slightly different to like the typical kind of venture approach but thinking through what makes a good pitch from your perspective right.

Matt Ward

I would say even in venture they’re looking for reasons to say no because if you’re looking to for reasons to say yes, you’ll find too many of those reasons. So I think that’s an important caveat but what makes a good pitch well on the on the startup tank. Um founders get 5 minutes to pitch. But what I like to say is you really need to nail the who what? where why? And why now of the pitch so who are who are you selling to what are you doing and what’s the massive problem that you’re tackling why is your solution better. Having something involved in there with the the traction of what you’ve got to date that kind of don’t miss out why now. So why this hasn’t been done and why this is the perfect one and why you are the perfect one to do this and then of course in Vc it all comes down to how big so make sure you share. How big and where this can really get to.

James McWalter

Yeah, it makes a ton of sense and I think that something that a lot of first -time founders and particularly founders who I think in climate tech tend to be from more diverse backgrounds than you know, a kind of classic software and tech background. You got to pitch a lot. Like it’s like anything else. You’re not going to be good for a while like I feel like when I was doing pitches you know and and sometimes you’d have nine back-to-back calls with investors and I definitely wasn’t as good as my 8 to 8 as I were you know in my yeah, the first first ou have to warm up but like second third and fourth where you definitely were better. Um, you just get tired all those kind of elements. But getting into a specific rhythm right? How you’re actually nailing that and I did find that as you get more experienced. It goes from being a formal pitch to something more conversational and relationship building and I think that does change at the post-s series a stage where it’s much more about the numbers. But I think in the kind of seed to precede. Stage and you wrote up series a um, you can just you know I think getting into a cadence and into a conversational element with the investor is something that I think a lot of startup founders who aren’t used to it. Um, kind of make a mistake which how how do you think about that.

Matt Ward

I would agree. But I think you need to be able to grab their attention. So the most important thing about the first meeting is getting the second meeting and the most important thing about the second meeting is getting the third meeting generally and your email just has to get a meeting. So.

Matt Ward

In terms of how you pitch or get people excited. You really have 30 to 60 seconds to really grab someone’s attention at the beginning and that’s what you need to hammer home and then after that once you’ve got someone’s interest peaked then I think you can play it how you want to play it.

James McWalter

Yeah, that makes a ton of sense subject lines and emails are very important to put put your traction there ah put something that is very if you have traction or probably something that is you know eye catching because you may only get the subject line especially if it’s cold.

Matt Ward

Yeah.

Matt Ward

And to have that have that traction and eye catching this also at the last slide of the pitch deck because you want people to remember you and take action and not just next.

James McWalter

Yeah, and actually on that. Um there’s actually a lot of you know I guess conflicting advice on decks. Some folks are you know you need to have this beautiful stylized deck I think we’re moving more and more into that place I’ve heard what I would probably call like not the. Ideal waste of money although people have argued to me that spending $5000 on designers to make a perfect deck foree is a good idea. But um, you know I feel you can figure out with some template something. That’s that’s kind of cheaper. But how do you think about the impact of deck because I will say that and I know this the stamp of approval from ah. And incubator like Yc which which helps but weisc’s very much like spend 20 minutes on your deck. They’re like it shouldn’t look pretty It should just literally be sentence number sentence number on each slide and then you’re done. Um, which I think is is quite extreme and. Was advice that pretty much everybody that I’ve ever spoken to I see is conflicted against. Um, so yeah, how how do you think about like the the time the effort you know where where’s the highest leverage part of a deck that an individual startup founder should look at right.

Matt Ward

a Harvard a Harvard Education is worthless but a Harvard degree is priceless. It’s some type of filter. So Yc has that filter built in of oh you got into Yc I got to take this seriously. But for other for other founders once that aren’t going through super prestigious programs. If you see 2 pitch decks and 1 looks nice and professional and one doesn’t who do you think is getting the meeting and the funding it kind of comes down to that I don’t think you should be spending $5000 on a pitch deck that’s nuts if you guys actually um, we’ve got. We’ve got a pretty good pitch deck designer if you go to forward Vc. We’ve got an offers page on there that. And there’s ah, a guy on fiverr I found who’s pretty good. He’s done a bunch of pitch decks see something like twenty thirty forty bucks to make your pitch deck look nice I would recommend doing something like that once you’ve put all the awesome information in there to get someone to kind of spruce it up a little bit but don’t waste 5 grand on a pitch deck.

James McWalter

I Fully agree fully agree. Um and thinking then thinking about like where where are you seeing like the biggest opportunities like what parts. Ah you know of the I Guess the kind of larger climate sustainability. Base. Are you most excited by you said carbon credits are maybe kind of less interesting to you guys. But yeah, what’s getting you most excited right now. Yeah.

Matt Ward

There’s a lot of really interesting things circular economy companies that actually have a business model that works so generally some type of product and then some secondary monetization behind it like the one we were talking about. We’re investing in a company now. That’s.

Matt Ward

Decarbonizing plastic and decarbonizing large industry is where I see massive opportunity because it’s boring old outdated and it’s a massive input on the um overall economy size massive input on the overall carbon and emissions problem perspective. And if you just have a ah product that’s better than everything else, price and performance or environment wise you can have I mean you’re not talking about small contracts. You’re talking about Tens of millions of tons or whatever it ends up being It’s it’s very serious impact. We’re not so hot on the. The imobility or ev space outside of um, potentially batteryies so chart charging I think is pretty competitive. It’s kind of going to be a race to the bottom as um, uber was and other things in terms of ride sharing anything that’s a massive land grab is generally something. We don’t like to play in. We’re pretty big on. Let’s see what are what are some of the other interesting areas. We’re seeing a lot in terms of carbon capture not a lot in terms of effective carbon capture or carbon capture in the field but I think that will be an interesting space reducing packaging find fascinating things that increase.

Matt Ward

Energy production. So we’re looking at ah a company in the wind space now I’m advising another company that’s turning rooftop panels they’re adding cogeneration and rotating axes maxen m x un so that they can generate. 3.5 times as much solar energy I told you about climate crop things that are making large industries a decent percentage better have very large impacts and things that aren’t necessarily sexy so construction Ag Tech biotech we’re seeing a lot of very cool stuff. That’s a little bit tougher because we need to really have help on the due diligent side of things. Overall I would say there’s just a massive explosion Europe Israel north america our primary sector our primary focuses. And those are kind of the primary strengths what we see when it comes to the clean tech space.

James McWalter

Yeah I love a lot of those myself. Um, as I’ve jokingly said on on this podcast in the past that if you’re interested in starting climate tech company and you don’t have much expertise in some of the errors you mentioned start reading advanced materials articles on Google scholar. And find ones that were published in the last three years and then like start making some phone calls so as academics and saying if they want to start companies because the disruption of you know, plastic concrete steel. Ah you know the material side I think is really fascinating and then you get to the higher order industrial processes in general and that’s even I think more fascinating and yeah.

Matt Ward

Earth.

James McWalter

You know these companies um are using excel they’re like at best right? like even just thinking about the software side of things. Let alone the actual processes and materials themselves and so yeah I think that because they’re so difficult to decarbonize There’s been a little bit of delay right? We’ve had a large focus on energy transportation. Um, this kind of flourishing around carbon credits and voluntary markets which I agree I think is not going to be I think what a lot of people were betting on a year or two ago um and then people are you know, basically going through that emissions pie chart and just saying okay, what’s next and I do think a lot of the things you talked about are very exciting. Although the. Ah, time to yeah $100000000 revenue might be longer than I think what a traditional kind of Vc vehicle might expect.

Matt Ward

I think that’s both excuse me I think that’s both true and false it depends on how quickly you’re able to get those large scale customers. So on some of those industrials on some of those construction corporates, etc. That’s kind of the relationships that we’re building with forward Vc where we can connect the dots and suddenly you go from a pilot to twenty thirty fifty million in revenue over anight when you scale across these type of companies. So while there is often a long sale cycle if you can shortcut that cell cycle. Then there’s massive upside for the for the companies on on both sides really.

James McWalter

I yeah i. So absolutely yeah, and the course of like a multi-i-year startup a 6 to nine month sales cycle is actually not that long, especially if the upside is as large as what we’re talking about um, wanted to before we finish off I wanted to get your take on. Some of the big policy changes so ira um, which I’m trying to get people to use Ira instead of the ira because it’s going to be a real struggle as an irish person saying the ira for the next decade. Um, so yeah, you heard it here. People say ira please.

James McWalter

Um, but yeah, Ira obviously has a ton of incentives for a lot of different types of clean technologies. You know hydrogen there’s ton of on the energy side. There’s you know, carbon sequestration and capture and. I think that historically there have been definitely been some startups who tried to use regulatory arbitrage and you know we’ll go deep into bills to try to figure out. You know how will it. You know how will there be this kind of leverage that they can apply to their own. Go-to-market their own products and so on. But there’s also ah obviously ah, nearly by definition a huge amount of distortion when you have these bills. How do you think about the best way that startups can kind of interact with these large policy changes to you know to to build a better startup. Yeah.

Matt Ward

If your business doesn’t work without without the funding then you’re setting yourself up for trouble I think they should look at it as icing on the top and a way to hack their way into fast growth but you never know how long those how long those incentives are going to be there as a caveat though. And terms of businesses not being businesses without incentives. We wouldn’t really have farming or fossil fuels either then because there’s so much in terms of subsidies that go into both of those and yet those subsidies even the fossil fuels 1 have been continued to today so I would say take advantage of. All of the subsidies that you can. It shouldn’t be the core of your business. However, and I think there’s probably a lot of services and possible service providers or even software providers that just unlocking that type of funding for these type of clean tech startups could be ah could be pretty game changing.

James McWalter

Yeah, yeah, the the main street for Ira is I’ve had 2 different individuals mentioned that to me as startup ideas literally in the last week and I fully agree you know at at a minimum look at the exploration date of these incentives and if it’s honestly less than 10 years. Um, you know I guess buyer Beware kind of thing. Um. But math. This has been absolutely brilliant before we finish up is there anything I should have asked you about but did not please.

Matt Ward

So here’s the here’s the plug part then I guess so if anyone’s interested if you’re running an awesome climate company and you want to pitch on the startup tank. It’s just the startup tank dot com you can find us on all major podcasting platforms. You can apply to pitch. We run that twice a month in front of top vcs like. Lower carbon and capital future energy ventures zero carbon capital luber morgan etc. The companies that pitch. It’s really getting network effects now. It’s actually pretty cool. The companies that are pitching are getting a bunch of investors afterwards literally reaching out to them by applying there. You’re applying to to and for our syndicate to invest as well. Speaking of the syndicate none of this is a solicitation. But if you happen to be accredited or like investing in startups. You can find out about more and about us and what we do at for ward so the number 4 wards.vc/syndicate we invest in companies that move the world forward. We’d love to have you. Look at what we’re doing. Of course we’re not inviting you to join. But if you were to join. We’re doing some pretty awesome companies now and then in terms of maybe one last one last call to action. So for founders out there for investors out there if you’re looking to find your ideal investor. You’re looking to find other coinvestors. You’re looking to get a better overview of the space. Like I said we published our now. It’s 780 plus climate funds incubators accelerators cvcs. It’s on our website as well. Just forward dot vc you’ll see it on there. You can use all of that filter by stage sector geography check size to find the exact right? investor co-invesctor etc for you.

Matt Ward

We’ve got slack communities on there as well for founders and investors and would just yeah, love to connect with anyone who’s listening in on this and wants to put and play a big role in the climate space Run Team planet together I say so that’s why I publish the database information wants to be free. So let’s do this thing together.

James McWalter

Yeah, absolutely and we’ll include those links in the show notes. Thank you Matt has been amazing.

Matt Ward

Awesome! Thanks so much as well. James it’s been fun.

Paces demo day- E112

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James

The unedited podcast transcript is below

James McWalter

Hello everybody this is going to be a bit of a shorter episode and just me this time. Basically I want to take an update everybody on how things are but going with my startup called paces. Basic. Someone would let everybody know how things has been going when my startup paces and to kind of fill you in on how things are going to go with the podcast for the next few weeks we’re going to have a couple changes and then we’ll be back to normal starting in October. Um, first of all in terms of um. Paces so we’ve been going through what’s called wide combinator for the last couple of months and started beginning of June and in the next couple of days around the time you’re going to hear this podcast with something called demo day and so for those who aren’t aware. Combinator is this program. 1 of the first accelerators for startups and has you know a pretty great reputation for being the startup accelerator which airbnb and Dropbox and stripe and companies of that it came out of now. There’s not a ton of climate companies that have come through I see. Um, that seemed to have changed a couple years ago although the current batch doesn’t have that many at all. But I’d long wanted to get into Yc and it actually tried with 4 previous ideas to get into Yc and applied and was never even able to get an interview whereas this time we not only got an interview but we also got in.

And haven’t gone through Yc I think that there are certain things that people should know. Um, overall the experience has been amazing. I’m very very happy. We did it I would say though that it’s more valuable to people earlier in their career or people who have less experience starting. Or working at early stage startups. You know I’m 38 this week and so yeah, I’ve made a lot of mistakes I’ve been involved in a lot of failed efforts and a lot of the lessons that Yc gives on a very frequent basis are the kind of things that you learn after making a lot of mistakes. Ah. And so what they’re trying to do is have you as you know early stage founder not make those mistakes or make them faster so that you can learn from them and move on to the next thing. So for me if I had done my c in my twenty s I think it would have been even more profoundly positive. Then what it is now that yeah a lot of the kind of advice is something that I kind of figured out after making all the mistakes myself, um, now having said that I think that the number 1 thing that’s great about y c and I’ve said to everybody who’s asked me about it is the absolute obsession with getting to revenue interaction. You know there’s a lot of. Silicon Valley type startup perception where everybody just talks about their valuation or the number of employees that they have and those are not important things but those should just be proxies for is your company solving the problem enough to make reasonable revenue and ideally exploding revenue.

Where you’re just dramatically going up in terms of the amount of money you’re making and that is why c’s focus. They make you really think through what it means to have a company and a company solves a problem and makes money doing so and so we got you know everybody at yc has a um. Yeah, this kind of smaller group because there’s over a hundred companies in it I think it’s closer to 200 in our batch but there was closer to 400 in the previous match. So you’re slightly smaller than previous batches but still larger than maybe what wise he was five years ago and we’re in a with a group of about 10 companies and every week or every two weeks we have to. Talk about how we’ve done from mostly from revenue point of view and then explain how we’re going to hit specific targets in the knock next two weeks and the Wei Partners who you’re assigned to um, yeah, they never tell you what to do but they say hey could you be more ambitious or is it reasonable. You’ll get to that point. Um, why not go even further and those are ways of just adding a bit of competition and adding a bit of um, you know I guess friendly. You know, friendly pressure to you know really excel because the big thing do I see is it’s only three months and really it’s like can you get to a kind of regular ah can you get to a fast iterative cycle so that you’re building launching getting revenue or getting feedback to direct you towards revenue as quickly as possible. Um, so all that part has been great. Um.

We started off during covid there was no um in-person ycy whatsoever previously that Weisi had always been in San Francisco so people would fly there for a few months um this time it’s a bit of a hybrid so it started off somewhat in person with this retreat in San Francisco and then um, some major cities like New York or we’re based have regular meetups so it’s good to kind of chat to otherwise he partners or founders even that are in your space. 1 big thing I’ve noticed is that a lot of the startups in yc pivot quite a bit and so. Pivot is you are working on an idea and you can either do a hard pivot where you just start working on something completely different or you can do? What’s called a soft pivot where you know you’re basically working ah in the summer space or you’re taking a different approach to a similar problem. It’s very surprising to me the number of hard pivots I see um and so far. Because a lot of the people doing the hard pivot are honestly doing them fairly late into the program. It’s very hard to know whether they’ll be successful or not um, in our case, we definitely did not do any sort of hard or even much of a soft pivot. We did slightly change the direction of our product development though and by doing so we actually went from. Having lots of trials and nobody willing to become a paying customer to our first three pain customers and we did this by basically changing whether we were a map forward interface to something a little bit different and by going to a slightly different approach. Um, yeah, we the first 3 companies.

Ah, that trialed that new approach all closed as customers and now we’re working through trials with another half dozen and so it’s it’s been really, really exciting to kind of see after lot of building for a few months actual paying customers getting that real feedback from somebody who’s willing to give you hard earned money and we’re also not you know a. Super cheap $20 a month product product. You know we are a for figureer monk product and so having people willing to put over their you know hard earned money and their company money is incredibly validating. Um, and so yeah, so the other big thing for us is that we’re trying to show that our approach. Will not just support so developers when they’re trying to find the best places to build projects but will support any sort of green infrastructure developer whether that’s utility storage wind electric vehicle charging stations all the way through to things that are more climate. Neutral. But. Let’s say a renewable energy-based carbon neutral data center and so um, we have multiple verticals now trialing and the big thing for us is kind of working through those trials making sure the product is as good for those other verticals as it is for those initial solar customers and really showing that our approach makes sense. And may not right? You know one of the benefits of being small and nimble is that you’re learning from the market and so we have a hypothesis about what the market needs and we’ll see if it works and we should know pretty quickly because we’re very very fast. 1 big thing in terms of.

How fast we’ve been able to move is that throughout Yc the only 2 full time people are my cofounder Charles and I you’ll have heard charles on a previous episode a couple weeks ago a couple months ago and basically we are moving very fast and so um. We do our growth meeting on a Monday which I lead. It’s just the 2 of us and then we do a product meeting on a Tuesday morning which he leads and it’s just the 2 of us and in the growth meeting. We’re like okay you know we’re going to add this amount of revenue in the next week not months or quarter but like week. Um, and to do that we need this many demos. We need this many trial starts. We need this many trial closes and then on the product meeting the following day um we’re basically ideating and saying okay, what are the things that we would need to do from a product point of view to close existing trials or to attract more people trialing. And 1 really good example is there might be a feature that a customer will be willing to sign a contract if that feature is in the product and so 2 of our first 3 customers. We basically have contracts that structure and say hey if you sign today we commit that the product you need or the extra. You need will be in product within let’s say two weeks otherwise you get out of the contract and a lot of our product development is based around you know commitments that the customer has made to us from a revenue point of view and then commitments we make back to the customer in terms of shipping product that meets our need and so this has worked really well for us. Um.

We have hit the point where things are not super scalable. Um, we have some great interns helping paid interns of course startup shows paid interns helping with things around data collection as well as a little bit of sales research and then we also have a couple of ah contractors software engineers helping Charles with some aspects of. Ah, data integration. Well, we definitely hit the point where we are really struggling to keep up with interest which is two full-time people and so now we are heads down hiring. We’re hiring our first 2 ah full-time people. Um one is a data engineer and 1 is a software engineer um, those would both be founding engineers. With appropriate compensation from an equity and um salary point of view and so if anybody’s listening to this and knows anybody who are a software or data engineer who would love to be the founding on the founding team of a company really working hard on climate change like paces. Um, please reach out I’m going to include my email address on the show notes of this particular podcast would love to chat to people and we’re really really pushing to have those hires done in the next month or so and you know we have a very very high bar in terms of the the kind of level of talent and cultural fish. Um, but it’s also very very important to us that people bring you know they’re true and full selves to the office and so on because we have our own blind spots and we’re definitely trying to build a company that has um you know a huge amount of diversity throughout. It.

The thing I guess is ah I kind of touch upon a little bit but on the product side. Um, yeah, one of the things we really realized and we we knew this kind of going in and starting paces but the importance of data and so as part of the inflation reduction act. Um, there are concepts like things called energy communities where identifying. Places where energy communities exist as per the text of the bill has not become very very valuable to the types of customers that we talk to and so we are rapidly integrating that data probably it’ll be ready in the product by the time this podcast comes out and not just this but other datasets that are very very important things that are related to the grid like interconnection data. Ah, things that are related to zoning that we’ve been collecting for a few months but we need to do even greater job to have a world-class dataset in that front. So for us data collection being just the best source of data to identify the best place to build projects is absolutely their our real focus over the next few months um we continue to build out the software in the interface and improve on that. But basically if we have the best data we feel like we’ll have amazing service and product for the customers that we try to serve and that builds us also a competitive mode over time. Ah, the other thing I want to talk about is raising capital so we had raised as. People probably heard. We’d raised 7 figures of funding as part of our preceded in April of 2022 so you know four or five months ago and that’s the first time I’d ever raised money myself. Um I’ve written a pretty lengthy article on my own blog about that process.

Um, you know it’s a massive numbers to game talk to you reach out to hundreds and hundreds of people to get sixty seventy meetings and to close 10 or 12 investors and I would say we probably had a pretty easy time of it relative to a lot of folks who try for a very long time and certainly a ways your time than. I’d experience as part of other founding teams raising money even though I wasn’t the 1 directly doing the raising I’d probably been part of teams that had struggled to get anywhere as close to what we ended up doing and I put that down to a couple of factors. First of all I think you know we have a really really strong team on the technical side through my cofounder Charles. Um, you know former. Ah, Ai guy out of Facebook ah, but also I think we’ve really identified the problem and have a kind of a wedge into something that’s going to be a very very large industry in the next few years and I think that if I had 1 bit of advice and actually give this advice to a few friends and and even family members in my close circle. About what type of startup to build It’s try to find a market that is just starting to explode and just like try to grab a whole of that market. It’s so much easier than trying to summit a market out of nowhere or to you know, try to build something in a market that’s static or shrinking um like for us. You know, even if we had 100% market share. Um, we’d have a so solid size company. But what’s great is that the market share like the market’s going to double next year and double or the next over the next couple years and then double again and then double again. Um, and so that’s very very exciting because that allows us to just.

Do a great job and execute well but we know more customers are going to continue to flood in and you know have problems that we can potentially solve for them. Um, and so yeah, back to raising capital. Um, so coming up to the end of Ycombinator, there’s something called demo day and during demo day. You basically give a ah 1 minuteut pitch. About your company and there’s this whole interface where accredited investors and I think there’s usually a couple thousand of them can watch the pitch and hit the button that says they want to potentially invest and that means I’ll basically set up a meeting with the with the founding team. In this case, it would be with me. Um, one of the dirty secrets that a friend of mine who’d gone through y combinator last year told me was ideally you shouldn’t you should have all your money raised before demo day try to have your meetings in the couple weeks before on the lead up to demo day close those if you can at all and then demo day doesn’t re have of a ton of pressure on it. Um.

Luckily and I think there’s a couple of factors for this and we were able to close our entire round before demo day. So we’re about ten days from demo day right now we closed another round of funding just in the last week and there’s a couple of factors for why I think we were able to close so fast I mean first of all just to mention. We had about 90 investor meetings booked and all except 5 were inbound. Um I e I was getting an email from an investor introducing themselves saying hey like like what you guys are doing would like to talk. This is very different to our preet where I was doing a ton of outbound. Um, the main reason being that we’re in y combinator and there’s a y combinator directory that shows all the companies in the current batch and people can look that up and we’re on that of course, why were we getting that because I talked to other y combinator founders and they didn’t they got a lot of inbound interest but maybe not quite as much. Ah, generally think it’s just because there’s not that many climate companies in the current batch. Um, so there’s I believe there’s 6 or 7 out of you know a couple hundred companies as I said um and there’d been a way higher percentage in previous batches and so as more and more money goes towards climate tech. They’re looking for high quality startups that are solving problems in that space and so I think we’re just quite lucky to be right place right? time and not honestly have a lot of competition in terms of climate companies solving big problems in the climate space and so I think and that was honestly a lot of the inbound emails. We got refer to that directly. So I think if you are.

I’m interested in getting the y combinator. Um I’m not saying it’ll make it easier to get in. But if you are a climate company and y combinator. Um, our recent experience would indicate that raising capital as long as you know you do all the other things right? Um, might be slightly easier than other companies who are maybe not in the climate space. Um. And so yeah, so we um, we raised boat from a combination of existing investors increasing their investment as well as a couple 2 new investors coming in. Um, we actually closed around about three days after starting it which is very exciting and then we canceled most of those 90 meetings. We kept some of those meetings with like very very. High levelvel or or high tier vcs who might be interesting people to build relationships with for subsequent capital raises down the road. Um, but the big thing for us now is to kind of get through a lot of the meetings that have been booked and get back to work and for us get back to work again means getting new customers. Making the customers. We already have incredibly happy. Um, yeah, know making charging people money make generating revenue expanding the product to have a really really great moat and then between all that also obviously making hires building up the team. Um, so yeah, so over the next twelve months um we hope to hit our series a milestones. Um. Talked to a few investors now about what they think of as series a milestones and that ranges from a million dollars in recurring revenue per year. Um, all the way to no hard milestones but things like we want to see a replicable sales motion. We want to see the average contract size increasing. Yeah great team. Some people even.

Say that you should have good advisors so we take a note of all those things but we have our own internal idea of what we want to achieve um that would make us ready from our perspective to be series. Ah a investable um and our internal goals are probably much more ambitious than what an investor would want and that’s how we generally try to treat things we want to be better than what the market says. So that gives us a really really strong position when we do things like rate capital. So um, we’re not going to hire 30 people or anything like a lot of startups do who are well-capitalized like we are as say we’re going to hire probably 3 more full-time people by the end of this calendar year and then maybe another 5 or 6 ah, on the lead up into our series a ah most of those would be technical folks. We might have 1 marketing person I’m going to do all the company sales until we’re at least half a million dollars in annual revenue. It’s very very important I think for the founders to do most of the founder that sales or to do the founder that sales until you get to a decent amount of revenue. Because then you can basically develop a sales playbook and hand that off to you know salespeople that you hire in? Um, but I don’t think you should do that too early and that’s generally the advice. We’ve heard from bode Yc and elsewhere. Um, and yeah and in terms of the podcast. Um, you know we’re going into September when there’s a few different events happening. Ah, re plus which is this very very large renewable energy conference. Um, that will be ash as part of um behalf of paces so we’ll be at that I’m actually going to try to do a live interview while I’m there. We’ll see how that goes that’s be something a little bit different for the podcast. That’s the third week of September um I russset.

Actually also going to take a few weeks off um we’ve basically been on you know, weekly podcasts for 32 years outside of yeah, the occasional break around new year’s um, but what everything else that’s going on in startup. Um, basically we’re a little bit behind in terms of getting guest booked and so on so we’re going to take a bit of a break for a couple of weeks um and so probably the next podcast you’ll hear will be that live one at a plus and then after that we’ll get into a more regular cadence again with some amazing guests. So if you I guess my big ask is if you are somebody who is interested in. You know, working at a company like like pace’s you are a software data engineer. Or you know somebody. Um, we would love to hear from you and have a conversation and see if there might be a fish and yeah have a great end of your summer and looking forward to speaking to you again in a few weeks

Carbon Business Council – E110

Great to chat with Ben Rubin Co-founder and Executive Director of the Carbon Business Council! The Carbon Business Council is comprised of leading carbon management growth companies working to reverse climate change! We discussed carbon management technologies, the climate bill framework, voluntary vs mandatory carbon markets and more! 

https://carbotnic.com/carbonbc

Oath to Restore the Earth 

Download Podcast Here: https://plinkhq.com/i/1518148418

Remember, If you want to support the podcast please rate and review 5 stars on  Apple, Thanks so much! 

James

The unedited podcast transcript is below

James McWalter

Hello today speaking with Ben Rubin executive director and co-founder of the Carbon Business Council, welcome to podcast Ben.

Ben Rubin

Thanks! Thanks! so much for having me here. James thank you.

James McWalter

Great Um, to start could you tell us a little bit about the carbon business council.

Ben Rubin

So happy to yeah, the carbon business council is a nonprofit trade association with more than forty carbon management startups who are working to help restore the climate by removing CO2 utilizing cotwo and and just a range of other ways of how we can. Deal with this problem of all of the legacy emissions we have in the atmosphere and and rethinking how we approach co 2 We are a trade association of innovators. Ah there’s many early stage companies that are part of it because we believe that innovation and the approaches it terms bring to carbon management is going to be key for unlocking solutions for how we. Scalup to to gigatonn scale carbon management.

James McWalter

And you know trade association I think you might be the First Trade Association we’ve had on the podcast and so and they’re obviously like you know, very very strong levers for the spreading and the development of certain types of industry certain types of technology and so on. What drove the initial decision to start co two bc.

Ben Rubin

So yeah, yeah, well we see innovators in the space and early stage companies moving forward very impactful solutions but because policy is going to be so critical to getting to gigaten scale Removal. We We saw a need to bring these innovators to the policy table to make sure that the unique needs of startups were represented as as government policies are being developed to move carbon management forward and we did not want startups to be left out of the conversation so we had conversations with dozens of companies to understand would a trade association be helpful. What types of services would be most advantageous to early stage companies and across the board. There was a lot of excitement for for the types of services the approach we put together and and we’ve been pleased with with ah stakeholder support as well of just people recognizing that. Startups do have such an important role to play in how we had Gigaton Scal removal and and how there can be a benefit to coming together and having a stronger voice and.

James McWalter

And so when you’re having those early conversations you know, thinking about the none you know none None to twelve months as you’re developing the C O 2 Bc um what were the kind of main commonalities I guess between different startups because as I look at the list of your members. You know some are obviously very focused on. Yeah. A cultural based carbon sequestration. Some are more direct or capture. Yeah, a large variance in terms of the technological approaches and generally the business models as well. Um, so yeah so what what were those kind of commonalities you recognize early on.

Ben Rubin

Yeah, you’re picking up on a great point. There James one of the biggest common nowities actually across every single person we spoke with was the desire for there business council to be technology neutral I think across the board companies felt like it was too soon in the game to pick winners and losers and that. We have to see what is going to be most successful where will the technology cost curve been the most and so there was you know a desire from folks to to not have any None technology favor too soon in policymaking I think without also recognition that. As we look towards 2030 when we are hopefully removing gigatonns of co 2 from the atmosphere that it will ultimately very likely be a blending of different approaches that’s going to help get us there both removing utilizing the c o 2 storing it and so that was a commonally commonality across the board that that tech neutral approach. And then a lot of the services that that we developed having companies come together to be able to network having companies better track the conversations happening in Dc to understand policy. There was just there was recognition that. Because the the carbon management industry you know is so locked into policy that there’s a benefit to to feed that Intel the startups and and to bring them to the to the table to interface with lawmakers directly.

James McWalter

And thinking about you know as you have like a new industry you often have like a larger in essence a b two b series of companies emerge to support that industry and so when you think about what a company that makes sense for the C O 2 Bc looks like versus None that’s a little bit adjacent makes that sense. Um, do you have any kind of firm delineations over what’s a great candidate to be part of the trade association versus something that might be a supportive set of technologies but isn’t core to your mission.

Ben Rubin

Yeah, we are working to represent the the full value chain when it comes to carbon management. So as an example, if a company is removing cotwo from the atmosphere and that could be through direct air capture or another type of technology. What is going to happen with with that co 2 and that’s where those types of b to b connections between companies is it being stored underground. There are companies rising on that challenge thinking through geologic sequestration and how to make that happen. There are also companies thinking through if that co 2 is not being. Stored underground if it’s being utilized. Can we help take that co two and turn it into jet fuel or turn it into a consumer product and so really we see a value and and think that we can help expedite the growth of the industry by forming these types of connections. Ah across and for us. It’s also included marketplaces folks who are helping to be a point of connection.

Ben Rubin

To to someone who might be wanting to buy carbon removal to help hit their net 0 pledges and then the the companies themselves who are who are you know who have those those carbon removal credits and they can sell.

James McWalter

I want I guess what about I guess ah, kind of carbon accounting companies and software where they’re basically going into often very very large fortune None companies and trying to measure the underlying carbon and they will often have some sort of ah you know offsetting. Ah, functionality built into their software would those also be a good candidate.

Ben Rubin

So Yes I I think they certainly could be for us. Generally you know, ah a litmus test is does The is a company early stage and and help fall into this category of and an innovator in the space which which tends to be early stage and growth companies and do they have. Either a full or part of their company that has a focus and emphasis on carbon management. There are some carbon accounting firms that might be squarely focused On. We’re measuring Scope 3 emissions of company but but there are others you know who are specifically thinking through where accounting for carbon removal and management comes into the mix and so I Think. The answer is yes there and and for us. Yeah, another litmus test is we were pleased when we rolled out that we released the ethical of to restore the earth for Us. We’re committed to both growing the carbon management industry economically but also responsibly and so we are looking as as members come on to. Sign on to this ethical oath or sortath similar to an ethical oath that doctor sign or lawyer sign we we are pleased to have our members supporting the responsible growth of the industry which you know includes affirming that removal should work in tandem with mitigation that is not a replacement to it and and some other tenins laid out in that oath.

James McWalter

Yeah, and I actually just have the oath up on the website and what well include that link in the show notes. Um, yeah, and and yeah, it’s pretty short but pretty comprehensive. It’s not None or None statements affirming the varying aspects of you know the carbon management industry as as you mentioned. And I guess when you’re kind of thinking through when you’re you know writing this and and partnering a folks to kind of get you know this list of None or None statements. Um I guess you know were there any predicted pieces that were more kind of debate worthy versus others.

Ben Rubin

Yeah, yeah, that’s a great question and we were fortunately able to workshop this with a wide set of stakeholders including startups in different groups in the space to get feedback I think what was great about it is there was broad-based alignment that there is a benefit to have the industry coalesce around a certain set. Standards to guide how the industry grows again invoking what lawyers have and and what doctors have when it came to carbon management it having this affirmation that removal is not replacement for mitigation for the carbon business council. We follow the the science in the ipcc science says that we need. Giga None of co 2 removed from the atmosphere but it does not say that that removal is a replacement to mitigation and so I think you know with an example like that there was fortunately a lot of alignment where these statements were. Great to have entshrined great to have written down great to have startups signing onto and affirming but largely you know they they made sense for folks to to back and stand behind.

James McWalter

So yeah, and the um you know, sorry just just so like a quick pause sometimes you slightly cut off a bit early Ben I I know you’re pausing but ah, you can give yourself ah like I guess a None after you finish talking.

Ben Rubin

So okay, great. Thanks James I will keep an eye on that when I meet myself and.

James McWalter

Ah, yeah, nowheres at all. Um, great and so you mentioned earlier that yeah this kind of focus on early stage companies and I mean that’s that’s partly due to the type of industry right? because it is such an early stage you know industry the idea of. Like a norri or you know director capture type technologies being deployed at scale. You know, even None maybe three years ago um was was pretty like surprising I think to a lot of folks and so you know things have come on in leaps and bounds over the last couple of years but I think one of the things that as you think about the growth of companies. Lot of startups that that I could interact with they don’t rethink too much about you know trade council councils as you go along from my own startup more the renewable energy space. We actually did did just recently sign up to one of the large scale solar energy. Um, you know trade organizations. Um, and it’s definitely not designed for. Companies of our size I would say and that’s fine. We like we are we are definitely getting value. Um, they’ have some good conferences all that kind of thing. Um, and so as you were kind of looking at other you know trade councils that are out there. Um and trying to build one that’s particularly beneficial to early stage companies who are generally fairly technologically advanced. I guess what were kind of things that you looked at and said okay we want to definitely incorporate these elements of other trade councils and we want to avoid these other ones.

Ben Rubin

Yeah that’s a great question James I think for us None of the goals is is as early stage companies know I mean time is one of the most precious commodities. There are so many time constraints when you’re getting a pilot up and running working on raising ah a seed round and so I think for us None of our goals was to. Work to be time additive for companies I think an example of that is something like tracking the latest policy developments or legislation floating or what is happening you know and in conversations that are taking place on Capitol Hill if we’re tracking that you know for for 1 carbon management company. We should be sharing and tracking that for more and that’s the type of thing that is saving a company time if if they can read our new see our digest and they don’t have to dedicate staff time to do that themselves I think it’s an example of how we want to try and fundamentally add time back into the day of startups and early stage companies and. Depending on where in the growth spectrum that company might be that might be actionable intelligence for them to want to engage in a policy conversation and and and have more substantial conversations. It might be something that they. Ah, fold into a pitch deck as they think about their business plan and and how they’re going ah to scale and grow and and nest this policy into their long-term business plans and so you know we startups might internalize take different steps based on the actionable info we provide to them but for us just generally. Time back in the day of companies was was a guiding principle for us recognizing the the time constraint that a lot of companies brought against and.

James McWalter

And going into that policy piece I think that’s a pretty meaty part of what any kind of trade association or trade council engages in and because this is again top of mind for anybody and. Industry right? like all people are thinking about the questions around measurement and verification and which technologies are moving faster or slower and how you price carbon and all these kind of things are just like very very yeah wealth developed in terms of underlying conversation. Um, but you know you mentioned Capitol Hill there’s been a year of ups and downs trying to get a climate bill through I mean just this week we did get a positive sign from senator Manchin but we’ll we’ll see you know I’m I’m not going I’ve been hurt before right? as we all have so I’m not going to kind of believe it until we kind of get to that point? Um, but as you think about you know some of those kind of larger legislative kind of movements.

Ben Rubin

I Think if he has if.

James McWalter

Um, how does the C O 2 bc see themselves or how are you kind of operating within that kind of larger you know climate bill framework.

Ben Rubin

Yeah, another good question James we want to bring fundamentally one of our primary goals is to bring innovators and strategiesups to the policy table because we think they’re so essential for bending that technology pass grid and helping us scale up to reach giga times scalele carbon management. We we want to make sure that they. Can be a resource to lawmakers to share information that that can be technical resources as well as understanding and and starting to hash out what types of policies are going to be advantageous for this tech neutral approach that can help startups to thrive and and grow and we’re seeing some of that in that. In that legislation that is being floated right now where there is just a breakthrough on if that passes some of the amendments to 45 q as an example, a tax credit where some of those amendments help more increase the eligibility where an additional set of companies working in carbon management can can be eligible and so. It’s examples like that where we’re pleased to see that the carbon business council as as an additional example of how we might engage or or the types of things we’re looking at we provided an endorsement to the bipartisan crest act and that is where we’re excited to see that that’s bipartisan. Climate legislation it it shows that there can that carbon management can be a bipartisan climate solution and we’re also pleased that it proposes expanding federal funding for multiple forms of carbon renewable again taking that tech neutral approach that we think is going to be so critical to help startups really scale and grow.

James McWalter

Yeah, it’s yeah know it’s like 700 pages of the bill were dumped this week and we actually like internally did do some reading of it. A lot of control fing like we didn’t actually like read anything close but but you know solar carbon. Um, you know these kind of terms that kind of see.

Ben Rubin

Yeah, yeah I.

James McWalter

Ah, how those things interact and I think one of the I guess somewhat hot topics when amongst at least some part of the environmentalist community. Um, which yeah is kind of surprising to me how this has become a hot topic but you know the. Use of carbon sequestration as some way of like maintaining. Um, yeah Fossil Fuel Dependence Now this is not something that I personally have much stock in I think that we need all of the above and then 10 X that to have any chance of really hitting these kind of longer term climate goals. Um, But how do you think about? you know some of those arguments that occur. Around ah carbon Sequestration Cc Us and and similar types of technologies as being things that potentially extend the runway of Fossil fuels and some of these other non-sustainable methods of fueling the economy.

Ben Rubin

Yeah, good question James I think for us that’s None reason why we think the ethical oath to restore the oath is so important that oath affirms that removal is not a replacement for the important work of mitigation and that ultimately can work in tandem with it and we see the issue you know as just that at that. Following the science that the ipcc has reached this conclusion that we’ve delayed reducing emissions for so long that that work of deep decarbonization continues to be more critical than ever and so many of the provisions in the inflationment inflation reduction act that was passed helped help get us there with electric vehicle tax credits. Renewable energy. So many of the other things that that it’s proposing of how we reduce emissions. But as we’re doing that removal also becomes this essential option and essential to be focusing on scaling it up today so that we can get to gigaton scale by the time that the ipcc models are showing that we need to be there and so. Ultimately I I think that it is a a yes and that it’s a working in tandem that we can have both and through one policy that the current business council supports is is net twin targets where in a net zero plan. We’re seeing how much someone is hitting net zero or net negative. Commitments through mitigation and how much someone is hitting it through carbon removal and so ultimately again, it’s that’s None example of how we can see this working in Tandem which is ultimately I think both what we’ll need. To stay within the goals of the Paris agreement and and what what can help ussuage concerns that removal is not a replacement for that important work of mitigation. So.

James McWalter

And you know we talked a little bit about the policy side of things. But then also you know the supply right? like the companies in that you work with those 40 odd companies they are providing a carbon removal or carbon. You know, carbon sequestration service of some sort and that’s you know the core product they’re building. But then you have on the demandd side. You know at the moment we do seem to have way more demand dens supply in terms of carbon removals and a lot of that has been led by ah rfps coming from the stripes and shopifys and Microsofts of the world. Um, and that I think has been a really powerful lever to ah kickstart this is like ah a nascent industry. Um, but not that many companies have done that right? We’re probably talking about none to a dozen companies who are buying up all of the you know quote unquote high-quality carbon sequest rated offsets over the last couple of years how do you think about how that’s going to evolve on the demand side. Um, I mean is it going to be world of marketplaces will individual members of of your council potentially start to build their own you know sales of marketing teams and they’re actually selling to the demand side directly? Um, yeah, any thoughts on that.

Ben Rubin

Yeah I Think how we can strengthen the business case for carbon Removal Offtake. It’s a great question and it’s going to be something that’s obviously vital to the success of the industry I Do think that we’re seeing some of the carbon removal happening through Marketplaces we’re seeing some carbon removal. Purchases happen through direct buys and we’re seeing you know the possibility that as we think about hitting Net zero targets that that obviously is going to be contingent on mitigation and reducing emissions but recognizing that that for that you know that that final mile or those. Um, hard to abate sectors in in ah in a net zero ah Pledge. That’s where carbon renewal will come into play and and we’re seeing that on both government side and private sector side and so I think as more plans are coming together for how they hit Net zero Targets. We will be seeing this increasing. Amount of recognition about where carbon removal and carbon management can come into mix.

James McWalter

And yeah, on that. So yeah, one of the things when I started looking into. Yeah the carbon space when I was looking at different ideas for my next kind of startup and again ended up going in in the clean energy space but went pretty deep on carbon offsets and all the varying technologies. Um, for about None to None months and. 1 of the things I I was kind of quite surprised by was there was this like massive existing industry of what’s called renewable energy credits or Rex that are traded mostly in California Canada and in the Eu and it’s what’s called like regulatory market for carbon. But it is in that this particular case dependent on renewable energy and then they have what. What are called the voluntary carbon market which is when an individual or like an entity will say I’m going to offset my carbon in a particular way I’m not actually required by anyone to do that I just want to you know either give directly back in a positive way. Ah, you know like a company like Microsoft right? who is committed to completely removing all the carbon. It’s ever emitted in the history of the company. Um, that’s not done for business reasons I don’t think that’s tiredly done through you know the kind of ethical reasoning of the internal company itself. Um, but. What you’re also seeing is people using offsets as a way to grow market share or retain talent and all these kind of things. Um, but that voluntary market is still very very small How do you think about how the voluntary market could potentially become a regulated market because the regulated market for Rex is absolutely. Massive I think it’s hundreds or none of x what the voluntary market is today. Um, can we you know will waste to have a voluntary market for the next 5 to 10 years and or should we be trying to get a regulated government run or state run market in carbon. Sequested credits as quickly as possible.

Ben Rubin

Yeah, good question James and I do think as we’re thinking about how to create business models for carbon removable. You’re you’re certainly thinking of something important with voluntary carbon markets. The carbon business council currently has a working group on voluntary carbon markets will be publishing a white paper in September with recommendations for how. Voluntary carbon markets can be strengthened to include more carbon removal options within those markets and for both I think in those voluntary carbon markets. There are open questions that you’re touching on around a common set of definitions. How to ensure verification. Removals that are entering into voluntary carbon markets. How to also ensure that that verification process is is somewhat streamlined so recognizing that voluntary carbon markets will continue to be here for the foreseeable future. We. We do think it’s important to strengthen and optimize those markets. Has been. It is encouraging to see some of the cases in the us in California with the low carbon fuel standard and some of the work that California Air Resources Board is moving forward some of the work happening in the eu with regulated markets that there’s growing possibilities on both the regulated. Market and the voluntary carbon market side of thing to help carbon removal scal up and grow.

James McWalter

Yeah, it’s It’s kind of like you know, especially large organizations right? They want a number and then they can build processes around that number and the more regulated that number is the more they’re likely to build the internal processes and so on to actually meet that. So. But that all makes a ton of sense. Um, one of the things I was looking through your website and kind of trying to better get but better understanding as I came across the institute for carbon removal law and policy which I believe is out of American University Um, could you speak? Ah, a bit to how um. That institute kind of interacts with COTwo bc.

Ben Rubin

Yeah, the institute for carbon and law policy is there. They are house head of American University and they are a wealth of resources for things on carbon remov have a lot of great explainers and None pages and reports on their website I am a research fellow with the institute. So. There’s. You know the line is open with them to think through. Are there research gaps within the carbon removal ecosystem that we should be thinking through and so that is a so have have a line open with them in that capacity and and they’re a partner of the carbon visits to come to working with them and and would encourage folks if if anyone’s not familiar with them to check out their website to read up on. Some of these just great. You know, different explainers 1 ne-pars of the resources they’re providing on what is direct air capture what is ocean-based Cdr and just some of those great resources out there. You know in the public domain to to bulk up knowledge around these complex issues and.

James McWalter

And what are the artor research gaps like where where would you love to see smart people doing more research in the space.

Ben Rubin

Yeah, yeah, there are certainly many research gaps within the the carbon remable ecosystem and I think that. And and they’re important to solve they’re they’re important to answer and I think it speaks to where there’s an opportunity for startups in early stage companies to be a resource for some of the research as it takes place. But there’s both the open research questions around hard tech. How can we lower the cost of certain carbon Removal technologies and and make them more affordable. There’s research questions around. Governance so that we can ensure that carbon Removal does scale up responsibly and and what that looks like what what the most beneficial forms of community engagement will look like when projects are being cited and built out and then there are research questions around what is that best verification system for voluntary carbon markets that is both. Rigorous but streamlined and so there there’s a host of of research and open questions to answer I think across different disciplines and I think. 1 that continues to be important is the the ipcc has a firm time and time again in multiple reports now the importance of carbon removable but continuing to understand how much carbon removable we need when that is obviously you know an underlying part of it that that helps underpin. How much carbon removal Are we talking about where the startups need to be going and and there’s similar alignment between different models that are being run by the ipcc or the international energy agency. But just again these wealth of open research issues. We’re pleased to see that startups can move forward on R and D on scaling up for projects on bringing projects to Market. As these important research questions are answered and addressed.

James McWalter

And I guess some of that research also intersects with the capital side of things. So there’s been a pretty decent amount of venture capital in particular going into ah carbon focused startups over the last two years and I’m talking a few of those vcs I’ve also talked to a few. Yeah, those kind of carbon startups and one of the things that sometimes there’s a bit of a struggle with especially on the vcc side is they often don’t have the ability in-house to confirm the science and so you’ll sometimes have something that’s like it makes sense right? So ah like there is an intuitive grasp of of the concept. But then in other cases, it’s like okay does this even work right? And so I think about things like enhanced weathering which is this kind of absolutely fascinating type of carbon squistering technology. Um, but yeah, I’m personally never done the research into understanding how it might scale what it might take. Ah, how much it sequesters relative to other you know, use cases all those kind of things and so how do you think about how startups can better. You know communicate ah display research chops and so on to investors who often will only give maybe None to 3 hours before they make a None figure decision on on a. Given startups investment.

Ben Rubin

I yeah I do it’s a great question and I think this speaks to efforts that are taking place right now to reach commonality around measurement reporting and verification and mrv having a clear set of standards in place for what. What we’re talking about how can we measure the CO o two how can we verify that that co 2 is be removed having those types of methodologies will be so important but that is obviously an immense and complex question to answer recognizing that There’s so many forms. Of carbon removal out there from enhanced weathering like you’re talking about to direct air capture to ocean-based carbon removal and in many other forms of it. What does that and mrrv look like but but moving forward on that having having data available that’s showing what what carbon removal is working what lessons are being learned. That will ultimately help to strengthen the industry and ensure that we are continuing to March towards this gigaton scale removal by 2030.

James McWalter

I Yeah, the M Mrv question is absolutely fascinating to me because because there’s so little emva ah particularly across certain types of carbon Removal technologies and generally those carbon startups are the carbon removal startups are like the most. Up-to-date cutting edge companies to do the actual measurement as well. But then you kind of get into a world where are we vertically integrating the sequestration the measurement and the price setting. Yeah the market piece which a few companies have done I could be understand why those companies have done that and I think it’s been so far. Net Positive. Do think as we get larger. There’s going to be have to be this role for independent and Mrv or ideally startups companies. Um, who are you know they are actually making money on the basis of the accuracy of their estimates um versus having all these things necessarily vertically integrated all with in the same company.

Ben Rubin

Yeah, yeah, I think that what’s great is how many bright minds are actively thinking through these complex issues right now around Mrb and and thinking through the different business cases if it will be vertically integrated within companies if it will be outside and and I think it’s it’s great to see how. Just how this is evolving I think there’s increasing recognition across the board that the sooner we can have good and and clear and streamlined sets of agreement around what and Mrb is going to look like the the faster or not the faster but but the faster and stronger we’ll be able to help scale up. Carbon management and.

James McWalter

Absolutely and then I guess the other piece is ah because we were talked a little bit about the the kind of capital side. So there aspects so some um startups make sense for certain type of funding and like the classic you know, quotequote software startup Silicon Valley company um yeah has tends to have pretty high margins right? So 70% plus margins they tend to be very very software based so low capital costs. Um, most of the costs are in the people themselves and that venture model is also built around lots and lots of bets and only if few shoot to the moon and the rest generally fail. And 1 of the things I think that as I look at climate tech in general and I think carbon removal and carbon sequeration companies are definitely part of this. We definitely need lots and lots of bets but often the technology and the novel use of a technology is contained within a single company. And if that company for whatever reason then most startups fail does fail. How does that affect actually that technology being set back for that particular you know direction versus just that company not working out for all to none of reasons those startups don’t work out and so one of the things I’ve been thinking and talking to a few folks about is what are other. You know capital allocation or capital. Um, you know investment structures that might make more sense for companies in climate tech versus traditional Vc and you know you have project financing. You have various types of debt instruments and so on. How do you think about the current landscape you know is it fit for purpose for carbon removal companies carbon secoration companies or do we need to start getting a bit innovative over the financing model itself.

Ben Rubin

Yeah, it’s a great question and obviously financing is such an important nut to crack for how startups can have the resources that they need to help hit Gigaton Scale. It’s been encouraging to see private investment coming into space both through vcs and also some of the corporates you were mentioning who are. We’re buying carbon removal to help scale and grow the industry. What the frontier fund is doing essentially with a model of advanced Market commitments a similar model that was used for vaccines for Covid Nineteen is another great way to help grow the industry and in addition to these private sector Dollars. We are seeing support from the government to help. Support research of technologies that’s coming through the department of energy through Arpa E and so it is also great to see the government investing in research to help answer some of these complex questions about again. How can we expedite the pathway to get to durable and strong carbon removal by 2030.

James McWalter

And if I think you know back to the C O 2 bc um, what are your kind of aims over the next year or 2

Ben Rubin

Yeah, well we are. We are excited to grow as the industry grows and so we’ve we’ve had many companies reaching out to us about joining the team and so excited to be expanding and and bringing out new members in the weeks and months ahead 1 of our central goals is to be bringing startups to the policy table and so we will be doing just that over the next several months attempting to weigh in and inform policies that can help startups to to scale grow and thrive. And in the process we will also be working to ensure again that carbon removal not only grows economically but also responsibly and so that will mean continuing to elevate and lift up that ethical oath to restore the earth and thinking through what responsible growth of the carbon management industry will be looking like.

James McWalter

And and then if I think about the the space. You know you have your 40 or so members today but we need um like lots more right um you if if some kind of smart potential founder early team member of ah of ah, an early stage startup is listening to this. We’re areas of innovation that we just need a lot more people building um, are there specific areas that are underrepresentative within the carbon removal space.

Ben Rubin

Yeah that’s a great question I think what’s encouraging about carbon removal right now is this idea and and this isn’t trend I think in the energy department’s carbon negative shop where they’ve set a goal to help have carbon removal happen at $100 a ton or less. By a certain year and and that is taking this tech neutral approach that’s emblematic of the carbon business council as well recognizing that there are multiple pathways that we can get there one. Great resource that I would point out is that lower carbon vc firm in the space who invests in carbon removal startups. Just put out a blog post recently highlighting some emerging forms of carbon removal that they are interested in funding and supporting and some of these you know are are probably newer news for folks who if they’re even if they’re tracking carbon removal conversations I think it shows how many promising forms of removal. Investors are looking to fund that might be scaling up and and it’s for you know a reason like that that we’re pleased to be taking this tech neutral approach where we are excited to see in the next few years are there breakaway solutions but we think right now at this juncction 2022 it would be premature to say you know that that one solution is going to be more successful over another than.

James McWalter

Yeah I think there needs to be a lot more kind of cross-pollination of talent between I guess conventional or traditional. Um you know, software and hardware startups and people who are in the labs developing these technologies um actually run a climate meetup in in New York City and it’s been kind of remarkable meeting some amazing research scientists out of Columbia University in particular who are working on carbon sequestration technologies and they’re like can I start a startup and and like and then they’re like talking to people who are you know, putting together ah like a slack competitor you know Zoom and they’re like oh these guys don’t know anything they’re like building a startup. It’s like oh. Yeah, you are one of the foremost domain experts in the world about this type of carbon sequestration carbon removal um, you absolutely can be building a startup if if you so wish and I think having more folks who are in that kind of startup world about trying to. Build at scale are interacting with people who actually know the science in a really deep way means we’ll start to get the best about worlds.

Ben Rubin

I But totally agree with that I think creating those types of points of connection and synergy can really help to unlock and accelerate the growth and.

James McWalter

I and just before we finish up and you know you’ve been working on the C O Two bc for a little while now. Um, what’s been most surprising that you found since since joining the and setting up the C O Two bc

Ben Rubin

So yeah, That’s a great question I Think what’s been most surprising I think really just seeing the the dedication that innovators or founders and companies have that they’re bringing into the carbon management ecosystem has been.. It’s been delightful surprising and inspiring to see we have some successful serial entrepreneurs who have started multiple successful companies not necessary and in climate who are now coming to climate but just seeing the level of talent and dedication being focused on this issue. It’s it’s encouraging to see. And it’s it’s ah it’s a pleasant surprise that so many people are are following this ipcc science and working the ride to the occasion. It is a tough nut to crack about what it will take to get to Gigaton Scale Removal by 2030. We think that innovators are are the ones who are going to be positioned to lead the way and help get us there and and it’s it’s great. To see them rising to that challenge and rising to that occasion and.

James McWalter

Yeah I Always tell people who are like pessimistic about our climate future to say if you want to feel a bit more optimistic every day directly work on these problems. Um, yeah I was kind of like in a bit of a funk about all these things and then actually sort of working on it and you know so far haven’t actually had a. Yeah, the profound effect on the climate that we all hope to have but just by working through the problem trying to improve every day. It actually has a massive. You know, positive kind of internal effect as Well. And so I think yeah for anyone listening to this who does feel ah you know, maybe a bit of despair a bit of hopelessness. Like actually working on these things in any place right? It could be a startup. It could be on the policy side Activism Whatever it may be is actually I think the number way to start feeling more optimistic and feeling like you’re making some positive progress.

Ben Rubin

I fully agree with that James yeah I think it’s encouraging to see what strives to do and and exactly what you’re hitting on. It’s to solve climate change. It will take multiple folks working on multiple issues whether it is on that policy side or some of those other areas you’re talking about. so so yeah doubling down that.

James McWalter

Yeah Ben it’s absolutely great and chatting and really enjoyed the conversation before we finish off is there anything I should have asked you about but did not.

Ben Rubin

So yeah, good question James I would say if folks are interested in hearing more about the carbon business council just that they can go to http://carbonbusinessconunsel.org to learn more. We put out a biweekly newsletter with updates and Intel happening in the space so would invite folks to sign up for that. But also invite folks working in carbon management to take a close look at the ethical oath to restore the earth signatures are not limited to members only we think it’s important to have multiple folks sign on to this ethical oath and so I just invite folks listening who are. Also thinking about carbon management also thinking about what it means to grow responsibly to to take a look at that and consider signing can be a good fit for them and.

James McWalter

So I will include the link to the oath and those other links in the show notes. Thank you ben.

Ben Rubin

Thanks, excellent! Thanks so much James thank much.

Creating Net Zero Buildings – E108

Great to chat with Peter Light, CEO and Co-founder of Lumen Energy, Lumen Energy enables commercial buildings to generate income from clean energy! We discussed decarbonizing buildings, shaping the direction of technology deployment, helping building owners to find cost-optimal clean energy solutions, financing cleantech and more!

https://carbotnic.com/lumen

Download Podcast Here: https://plinkhq.com/i/1518148418

Lumen is hiring: https://jobs.lever.co/lumenenergy 

Remember, If you want to support the podcast please rate and review 5 stars on  Apple, Thanks so much! 

James

The unedited podcast transcript is below

James McWalter

Hello today we’re speaking of Peter Light Ceo and cofounder at Lumen Energy, welcome to podcast Peter.

Peter Light

Thank you James thrilled to be here.

James McWalter

Great. Ah, could you tell us a little bit about lumin energy.

Peter Light

Sure so Lumen Energy is a technology company. We are creating a platform that enables commercial building owners to profitably decarbonize all their buildings swiftly and so what we do is really automate. Clean energy deployment. Typically starts with solar but it often cascades into batteries and ev charging and we see a future where there are a variety of clean energy technologies which are declining in costs. They’re getting simpler to deploy. Um, they’re getting finanable all that is good. It also means it gets ah really complicated for building owners to figure out what makes sense for them and as we as we look out. We find that many commercial building owners could save a lot of money today. Um yet, they don’t do it and they don’t do it because it’s hard. It’s complicated to figure out so that’s where we step in and really make it simple. Go from concept to assessment to action through a marketplace that we’ve developed which we can talk more about and I’m happy to happy to share more about how we got here, but that’s the punchline.

James McWalter

Yeah, and I guess it’s absolutely you know I think I heard about lumen and we spoke a couple of years ago and you’ve kind of come a long way since then but going back to that initial decision to start lumen. You know what drove that.

Peter Light

Ah, it was the initial decision. It was ah I you know it’s funny I can I vividly remember sitting in a cold brick building sort of the texture the walls when I would I had um. I couldn’t get away from this sense that there were you know I’d spent the the None 2 decades of my career commercializing breakthrough energy generation Technologies things like fuel cells or um, flying wind turbines or you know floating solar Yeah Non-lithium Ion chemistry batteries and.

Peter Light

And I really just sort just like wait. There. There are now technologies that are cost effective financiable proven and they’re not widely deployed and you know why is that and just even starting with rooftop solar. Um this this work came out of. So work I do at Google x when I was leading mv programs there. We were set out to you know model the global power grid and particularly the distribution grid think of it like creating Google maps for the power grid this is ah it was a confidential project now it’s public. It’s called tapestry. You can read more about it on the website. Um, but in that initiative started to work with some utilities and just got all the data for an entire city and and regions that utilities served and started to see that there were a lot of commercial buildings that could save money and they weren’t doing it and so um, that. That was the sort of founding story was just being bugged by that question. Um, like why you know the goal is Mas decarization on a timetable that matters meaning you know 2030 you know, 8 years from now really making a major dent and our carbon footprint that that led me to say well. A lot of things you could do to decarbonize in our society but like let’s start with mass deploying things that are already profitable because that’s going to be the fastest way to mobilize capital at at you know at gigaton scale um, so that was the starting point.

James McWalter

Yeah, yeah, it’s it’s so interesting and actually it kind of mirrors. Ah some of kind of my approach to climate tech in interesting way. So when I was none looking at you what part of the economy to kind of tackle from my kind of climate point of view. Initially for the first year of exploring things I completely ignored energy and transport because I was like well we’ve kind of invented most of yeah we’re going to evs are going to win and we have solar and wind and we’re just deploy that and the word just obviously is doing an incredible amount of work there and I basically dramatically kind of understated in my own head like what deploying the.

James McWalter

You know Terrawatts of energy that need to be deployed look like and not just energy but all the other elements of the decarbonization of of those kind of parts of the carbon pie and what I think is really exciting. Is you know I was kind of like attracted to carbon markets and like all all the things that were hot like eighteen months ago I’m now seeing this kind of reversal where people are already starting to dig in and like oh you know deployments? Yeah, any any sort of kind of step change in deployment of a new kind of global technology like that’s where there’s massive opportunities.

Peter Light

Well I agree with that I will say from a um as a you know member of society I’m I’m I’m in the all above all the above camp and you just sort of do the basic carbon math and it is you know it’s staggering and it quickly leads to you know across all the sectors. Um. We we need to mausly decarboize all of them at once? Um, so there’s a great news and that for anyone who’s listening who wants to get into climate tech. There’s something here for you. Um, and there are many you know across many different skill sets not just sort of deep tech engineering. But there know business development sales marketing and so happy to talk more about that software development. Big thing. But I think to focus on the deployment piece that is really what I have gravitated towards young I’ve spent a lot you know much of my career was working on things that I started with a premise that you know early two thousand s you go back in time I came out of the rocky mountain institute and you know. Coal was about 50% of the Us power grid solar and wind were good ideas and were sort of marching down the path but still really expensive relative to the power grid and kind of conventional fossil technologies and I thought like you know, but they’re just I didn’t see those converging anytime soon that mattered and that was you know. Sort of you know joke on me what I’m you know fast forward of what I’m doing now. But at the time I thought there has to be some technology breakthrough that can solve for being both. Um you know, cost effective low or 0 carbon and reliable and um. You know that led me to a bunch of early stage generation technologies I mentioned talk more about um but in that experience. Um I started to see there’s just there’s so much technical risk and in bringing forth a new device. And it has been done and it will continue to be done and it’s a great thing but it really forces the question like hey if there’s stuff that already works and is cost effective. You know my orientation is like let’s get that to the economic frontier and and masss deploy it as quickly as possible and. When you start to look into those issues. There are a lot of really complicated issues and topics around um making it simple and I think this applies to what we’re doing but it also applies to you know, ev adoption you sort of see this in many different sectors. So happy to chat more about that.

James McWalter

Yeah, and so you know once you kind of had that directionally. It’s going to be about the deployment piece and and kind of you know the importance of that there’s a lot of different ways to kind of think through the deployment. Um, but you kind of end up focusing on buildings. Was that thought process and I guess we’re you kind of consider any pivots along the Way. So.

Peter Light

Um, yes, there was a there was a color you know as I joked to some of my colleagues. There’s you know b none and just a very early version where um, again, you had to come back to the frame of looking across an entire city. Um, let’s say like Los Angeles you know all these buildings. Um there today serve by the electric utility which is on. It’s sort of you know, kind of slow decarbonization pathway. Um, you know what I started to look at was like well. That those utilities have their own decarbonization goals. You know, either forced upon them or you know or well-intentioned cost driven. Um, and if you sort of left alone if you sort of let all of these devices proliferate on the grid meaning electric vehicles. Thermostats solar Panels batteries just way too much complexity much more than utilities have ever been set out to to deal with and that really was the sort of founding story behind what is now tapestry that the Google x program is really to sort of build a better real time map and model of the power grid.

Peter Light

But within that same sort of lens I thought you know well hey like wouldn’t these utilities like to have a hand in shaping the direction of the deployment of even a rooftop solar and and onsite batteries that are just that is already happening. And so I started to reach out actually to see utility some of the most kind of forwardleaning ones that were in in California and um, you know and some that had ah that I thought had the most incentive to consider hey might we partner where we lumen would provide the data science on. And and build would talk the individual user data that utilities had where they had the billing and consumption data for each network building and then we could help go ah shape the deployment of onsite energy assets that would then help the utility so this is sort of a converging these you know bring these systems together. Co-optiming them and did a math look like greatd on paper seems like it would help them them be utilities you know and had None or 3 meetings. It started to go really well and it like wow this this great. We’re on to something and then when cold and just.

Peter Light

Didn’t return emails didn’t return phone calls and um, you know if anyone has been on a startup journey. You know who’s listening and you know are you James? That’s um, is so all part of it. But it’s certainly hard to sort of you know to to stomach that but then also it’s like okay this is a data point. Um, if you know some of the most forwardleaning utilities that this notion is just that you have to deal with it. That’s not they’re not wanting what I am seeking to offer them. Um and so it took so it took me a while and I had the great fortune and time of being. David Cohen who’s now my co-founder. Um, he was had been um, had had been a consultant fane and then later a software development and a product leader at stripe for many years and then it coming all snap dos in the you know automating lot of pieces in the mortgage industry. And we started to say okay, there’s there’s a huge market here with commercial buildings. But there’s some barrier and so let’s go find out what that is and it and I’d say together. It took us a while but it really crystallized like it is the building owner who is the decision maker about whether any of this will happen at their building or not. And so let’s work back from how people who own buildings think about getting their energy and so we set out to talk to many building owners and um, we heard again and again and in a sort of range of kind of scale of companies and ownership patterns so they get yeah, it’s great idea like I love. Love saving money that sounds good. You know I love going green that sounds good too and like great why you done it and you know surely you’ve looked into all of this and surprisingly but consistently. We got the answer well you know, actually like I kind of like I just like I do my day job like I you know I work with tenants and I work on. Buying buildings and making sure you know the parking lot is clean and you know working with my bank financing and so like I either I haven’t looked into this but I should. It’s kind of deep on my task list or you know the alternative we got was no, we looked into this a lot like we spent a lot of time on this and. We just got bogged down in the complexity and we like quote had to turn our attention to other things and so you know as part of our customer discovery we. We compiled all these interviews and the consistent pattern was people. It’s interesting. No one used this word but the theme was kind of intimidation or just. Overwhelm um or just I you know I feel like I’m gonna get quote I feel like I’m gonna I have this is too much brain damage. So I don’t get screwed so I’m not going to get into it so that all led us to say well.

Peter Light

What if we could make kind of like a zeestament for clean energy for every building and instantly price it so you could cut through all the data complexity of just figuring out does this make sense for me and provide that in a way that is investment grade and precise and verifiable for the building or and speak in their language. And that is led to led to what we’re developing today.

James McWalter

And what are those kind of I guess Inputs to you know that that kind of estimate type model. But that that you’ve built that is so overwhelming to the building owner. Um you know I’m sure they’re very familiar with you know, managing different types of documents all this kind of thing. Um, but there’s. Yeah,, there’s this extra thing There’s all the kind of associated benefits and incentives and all these things associated to clean energy electrification and so on and so yeah, so what were what are the kind of compounding complexities that ah I guess turned off those building owners and they’re looking for a solution that kind of.

Peter Light

Um, yeah, well, it’s I call it just like a None paper cuts and what I mean by that it’s it’s a many different domains of data that you have to sort of get comfortable with if you if you want to take this on yourself. You you can either just you know said look I just want to. Do something on None building. It’s like then a proposal from someone they I could to get the best deal but to be fine. Just go forward. Um, but if you when you start to say wait. You know I’ve got a none buildings or None buildings or a thousand and I see this as the opportunity to go deploy. What is really a new asset class. Um. And and there’s a real opportunity to um to create a new cash flowing asset and some and this is like the language of a real estate owner who’s who’s thinking about oh I like I I know about deploying capital and getting return on it but I have to do that smartly. And then I need to think through all the inputs and outputs of a financial model. So if you go on that list for let’s just say the simpler ah technology of of a rooftop solar um, you quickly get into okay well, what’s what’s the energy used today at that building. Um. And then what is that composed of and in energy charges demand charges fixed costs from from utility which by the way vary for every utility and about None utilities tariffs across the us. Um, then you get into well okay, what? what How much roof space. Do I have. Um, how much what is the equipment cost What’s the fair price for it, then? what are the incentives do I have tax you know do I have the the correct sort of tax exposure to take advantage of those are there local incentives. Um, what’s the degradation of the equipment. What’s operations and maintenance. How much should I assume over the 105 years and you know that’s that’s I I’ve just given a a sub list I will not boardre the reader with the audience with sort of the additional list but there’s is a long list of disparate domains to get good at and you can sort of is you start to poke into this. You see well.

Peter Light

You know as a customer recently described it to me. It’s like I have found myself digging through all these rabbit holes and I just get lost in them and then I just I switch on other things and so that that like this is touching the climate problem right now is people want to do the right thing and they see a financial opportunity. But it’s too complicated to really get to a decisive moment for them.

James McWalter

And I guess what’s even kind of compounding it is you know you places like New York City who will add some sort of electrification incentive which is great but it’s just now 1 more thing to worry about right? and so when even you have policy that’s trying to incentivize like.

James McWalter

Yeah, mass electrification additional renewable energy deployment all those those kind of things if it’s just like None other thing to to think about and it isn’t like digested in this consumable hole. Um that it actually won’t have like the positive effects that policymakers want and so that makes absolutely you know complete sense to me. Kind of going as you were talking to to those building owners. You’re kind of getting a sense of like this scatter of just like incredible complexity and yeah with your background complexity I’m sure and data complexity is exciting right? because you have worked and used tools like data science and machine learning and so on. That enable you to kind of make sense of that in ways that you know twenty thirty years ago might not even been possible and so I guess you know going from that kind of visual insight to what it like an early mvp in early product deployment. What was that like yeah.

Peter Light Light

Um, yeah, so um, what we what we set out to do in ah in an Mvp where we said. Okay there’s there. You know there are all these different you know, think of it visually like the pieces of the puzzle on a table like how do we? How do we stitch them together into. A a coherent picture for a building owner and um, we we found that? Um, what we started to do is like let’s just pick a city and let’s see if we can um, remotely price each and every commercial building for its clean, energy potential. And and deliver that to the building matters and so we picked Hayward California which um happens to be a place if you ever take off in an airplane out of San Francisco airport and you look out the window and you’ll see lots of big empty rooftops and a number of big warehouses there and we just. Kind of arbitrarily picked it for that reason. Um, and we got really lucky because it turned out the city of Hayward had an open data set about all the buildings and and permit history online which is great. Um, and what we did is we started to assemble um all these dis pieces that I started to describe. Um, we you know in in past lives I had also worked with various us national labs and realized that there was all this building energy data science that had been pioneered on supercomputers. It had been worked conducted by ph ds and and does incredible modeling. But that had been kind of stuck. In in the labs and kind of technically available but in practice not really tapped beyond kind of the academic realm and so we we dug into that and said how can we apply some of this work to really get the best handle on. Profiling buildings and and assessing without actually getting any data from the building owner. How can we get close at assessing what is the energy use in this building all the way down to each and every hour of the year and then getting into the electricity tariffs that were likely for that building and essentially. Simulating the electricity bill for that customer and software. Um, using that as a baseline to then run. Um, you know again in software to run in simulation. Well what would be the optimal the cost optimal clean energy mix for this customer. Um, and we did all that then just to simply produce a number like hey this is that these are the dollars you can save as a building owner and then we deliver that through direct marketing to those building owners and that’s how we started and we found um, you know we were wildly off in some places but we started to. Ah.

Peter Light

And we we we found um some warehouses that had cement garden gnomes in them. But you know, no electricity use you know, but we also found some that were you know food processing facilities that had a lot of electricity use that were very interested and we really got our footing that way and and started to sort of build our engen and and verify the. Data in our cycle and then along the way I’ll just say we were contacted by commercial building owners. Who said you know I don’t have None building but I have a lot of buildings and we have a you know essentially now a board level commitment to deploy clean energy. You know, starting with solar um everywhere it makes sense. But the problem is we just don’t know where it makes sense. We don’t know how to do this systematically and so that’s where we have found actually that there’s been a greatest uptake of of what we provide today.

James McWalter

Yeah there’s a couple areas there. The kind of touch upon. So for some of the data side. Um I said this to folks all the time who are you know trying to build companies that have like a a data component if you can avoid getting having to need data from your customer to build something like re avoid it at all costs. Data that you can collect yourself is to me 10 to None x more valuable than that you can get from the customer at least in the early days because it just takes so long to get data from customers and experiences across a lot of different industries and a lot of different customers and go back to your earlier. You know initial conversations with utilities that was probably honestly like the thing that. Froze some of that you know in those kind of internal discussions and and why they may not have kind of gone back to is okay, we have to go through such a rigmarole to try to get data which often is you know, stored in weird ways and all this kind of thing out to a none party and we have to go through legal and all these kind of things that slow it down. So I love this kind of approach to. Collecting your own data and just dramatically reducing the friction for the business owner and often when you do it this way people are shocked that you can find out more about their own business than they know themselves and it actually has this like ah and you know this really valuable kind eyeopening moment when you’re kind of doing that demo and and and that kind of thing. Um, so I think that. All makes a ton of sense in terms of the ah I guess you know real estate investment trusts and like these large kind of aggregations of commercial buildings I’ve actually talked to a few of those folks myself as part of other projects and they’ve absolutely said the exact same thing to me. It’s like they have this kind of triage approach to decarbonization. You know it’s like we’re going to offload the dirtiest properties we have. We’re going to add solar and electrify. Yeah the 80% like of yeah the 80% of the portfolio that that makes sense and then we’ll do some greenfield development on the other 5 to 10 percent and so if you think about just the number of commercial buildings United States and how many of those are kind of. Aggregated in reits and other you know, similar kind of ah you know, commercial entities commercial real estate entities like that’s to me seems like the massive opportunity and the most exciting opportunity for lumen.

Peter Light

It is I think it is 1 of ah 1 of multiple sectors and it is. It’s it’s a great opportunity for for lumen. But it’s also a great opportunity for these building owners and I think you know just to sort of take an example I mean there’s some um. You know, larger ones who own? Let’s just say many warehouses. Um, you know there’s a there’s ah, a company for instance who owns on the order of about None warehouses nationally and they’re a leader in deploying solar and it’s interesting. You sir just go look at their math. Um, you know I won’t won’t name them by name but just sort give you the example. Um, they’re like yeah we’re doing this. You know we we’ve got a plan and they’re therere thought leaders in it. Um, they’re deploying you in the order of like 40 or 50 buildings a year and that’s both wildly ambitious and yet. Way behind the the sort of scale of what’s possible be profitable. So what I mean by that is okay, that’s a you know none? their buildings would be. You know would get solarized in in 15 years um so that’s where it’s um. Where we think there’s just ah, there’s a chance to go do this. It should be 30 years um and so that’s what we see is the chance to um, really get out of kind of spreadsheets and emails and just all the painful back and forth that happens to coordinate some of these projects and really just. Make it happen at a you know ten x hundred x scale.

James McWalter

Yeah, and as you were saying None oh that’s so exciting like you know you get them running up and running in the next eighteen months and yeah and and for them internally they’re like hitting you know, maybe their internal targets and and taking you know that amount of time. Yeah, what one of the I guess. Levers to speed this up is making sure that the you know if if the demand is there from the business building owners the supply of the underlying. Yeah panels tech of various types are there as well as I’m sure financing is a piece and you mentioned like the the kind of marketplace dynamics that ah you’re kind of. Have as part of loom and could you speak to that.

Peter Light

Sure? Well I’ll say in you know in in general there. There are many marketplaces which we all as sort of individuals and consumers have interacted with today. Um that I think the. Yeah I think one of the stunning things that’s revealed whether it be you know airbnb or uber I mean they’re they’re so familiar. But what’s startling is just the the revealing of supply that the latent supply that existed and we didn’t know it and I think that is something that um that I see here where the um.

Peter Light

You know the ability to go deploy ons site. Clean energy. You know again, starting with solar they’re they’re um, a few 0 contractors nationally and um, this has been one of the you know fastest growing segments of of job industry. Um, that are qualified to do this so. There’s there’s still not enough people that are qualified but the point is that there are many many people out there that can do this. But if you go talk to them. Um, they’ll say look I you know I am a clean energy installer but I have to not only do I have to manage a team and go do get the permits and all that. I have I’m burdened with kind of sales and marketing and customer development and and walking these building owners through all these choices and so I do all this engineering work I submit None proposals 8 of them. Go nowhere. And so for them that is a real cost and that effectively inflates the the sort of total delivered cost because that’s all just sort of overhead for these um Epc companies or engineering procurement construction companies and so what we’re seeking to do with women energy is make it really easy for them to get to. Um, a known vetted project and really provide them digitally with the pieces that they need um to be able to quickly go bid on and act on a project and so that has a benefit for the local installers. Um, who who tend to be local and tend to know all the local building codes and and kind of all these these attributes that are kind of hard to make happen nationally or to scale nationally and then for the building owners. We find this notion of a the efficiency of a marketplace is very appealing because. They realize that they’ve looked at the math themselves where um, you know a whole bit of it out. A great post on the New York Times about this recently you look at the the cost of solar deployment in Australia is just a fraction of what it is in the us today and it’s you know the great news is that the harbor costs have fallen dramatically. Um, but the soft costs meaning the everything else profit overhead construction costs are very high in the us they can be over 50% of the project costs and they vary widely from project to project. So if you sort of put yourself in a building. Owner’s shoes as. You know as we did on some of our early projects in California we we did all the math got very precise about how many panels could fit on the roof. What is the exact optimal amount of onsite, clean energy solar batteries for that given load profile tariff all of that and then we set it out to bid and we got bids that were all over the place.

Peter Light

And it was startling to see how inefficient that process was so that’s something that we are really seeking to streamline through a marketplace in the None of 3 stages of our our product platform that we call act.

James McWalter

And so and then and you know I’ve actually talked to quite a few. Ah yeah, hchfac installers in New York as part of other conversations and so on and they’ve they’ve spoken to this exact issue where because they’re trying to move into a so yeah, know the skill sets are.

28:49.46

James McWalter

Identical to what they’ve been doing you know solving Ac units for 30 years um but moving to installing heat pumps. The tech is nerdy identical but the model and the structure and the components are a bit different. The supply chains are a bit different how to actually converse with the ah you know the owner of the buildings a bit different. And so because there’s all all those little frictions and it goes back to the frictions that the the building owner themselves. Also you know, kind of have to manage. Um again, directing and and reducing those frictions is like so core I guess to your approach. But yeah I’d love to kind of touch upon the the kind of none part of the product which I guess is the financing side.

Peter Light

Um, ah, yes, so and so financing is a key piece of um I think of of really deploying any any clean energy technology is it is that I was talking something of the other day that that you know structured finance or project finance is this sort of like. Poorly understood part of that just like runs the world of infrastructure deployment and um in in the case of um, you know energy you know energy assets let’s take this wind or solar in particular where there’s zero fuel cost. Um, and you’re you’re. your your sense you’re buying equipment that will generate energy for twenty thirty forty years upfront and you’re you’re paying for all that capex upfront. So it is um, it’s it’s amazing, long term but it really needs to be financed. Um and and especially for um. You know in our case, putting yourself in the shoes of building owners people are used to paying the utility month by month and it’s you know that that’s the grand bargain with with the utilities having a monopoly utility who can serve an end customer and there’s really just kind of a mostly non-negotiable price. But you is a. You know as a building owner you have the freedom to just stop paying and leave at the end of the month and that’s it um, and then you’re faced with this alternative which is wow like I see that you know electric utility rates went up None nationally in the last twelve months which is just startling. Um, you know above the the very high cpi. So people get there’s this economic opportunity. But then you get into well I you know I don’t I don’t want to use my own cash or rarely do people want to use their own cash to go pay for something that feels like outside of their business. Um, so you you know most roads lead to financing clean energy assets. Um, so there you get into kind of a you know, multiple different options and and I think this is again where people get high centered where um, you know particularly people in real estate who are very familiar with financing and want to understand all of the options. Um, there are the typical options of of cash purchase or a loan or you know the the conventional ppa which we can talk more about there’s also on bill financing called pace financing in some places but these you know each of these has has wiggles and turns and um, you know. Special considerations for for qualifying for the investment tax credit and it just it calls upon a specialty. So what we seek to do as a company is provide building owners with the options and is and just clear as transparent as possible.

Peter Light

Along with an easy button to say hey I just want clean energy Cheaperth and grid and so we have None party financing partners that enable us to do that. But we don’t We don’t sort of we’re seeking to give building owners the choice in a transparent way. Um, with the kind of answer upfront and they can go dig all the way down to to bare metal so to speak in in the models if they want to understand all the pieces behind the scenes.

James McWalter

And I would absolutely encourage any you know building owners to check out the lumen website like the actual flow and the ability to kind of immediately. You know, get insight over what’s possible I think it’s very very slick and better than ah I’ve seen on you know, a lot of products that are trying to solve similar types problems. Um, and so yes, so I guess where is luoman today and what are the kind of target over the next 12 to None months.

Peter Light

Um, yeah, well where we are today is um, we are a technology team based in San Francisco though we’re remote first we had people um in in Brazil Uganda um, you know we have teams overseas in India so we’re. We’re really already just as a company. We’re already you know around the world. Um, and then in terms of where we are commercially we’re working with a number of commercial building owners now who um, really have a bold commitment to decarbonize and they want to do it profitably and. And I think they’re starting to see the potential um to to realize that and they so there it’s it’s really interesting I mean yeah, I’ll share a conversation that I had recently um, with a a large industrial reit. Um and they had advertised on their website. You know you know. Many real estate websites have like big bold numbers and they’re they’re kind of their their flex numbers and None of them was um that they had I think one point one billion dollars of of basically rent every year from their tenants and we looked at all our buildings just kind of in our software did the math and like you know what you have. Your tenants are buying on the order of about $1000000000 of electricity each year. So you know so for your marquee number of what you see as your revenue as a company that today is being spent by your tenants and going out the door not to you. So. Wouldn’t you like to consider that as as part of your p and l essentially one day and do that sensibly like it’s not going to work everywhere. You can’t just go deploy solar and clean energy like you will you will waste money if you do that you have to do it smartly. But if you do do it smartly. It really is a new asset class commensurate with the scale of your existing business. And so I think there are companies that are starting to see that. Um we are we are quite busy as a team. We’re growing. Um and we’re we’re having a lot of fun doing that and I would just say from a the last thing just from a company building perspective. We’re seeking to be very deliberate and. Bringing people aboard who really loved the problem. You know, fall in love with the problem and want the responsibility to sort of own a key piece of advancing our company and I think you know like that sort of freedom and opportunity that that come along with that.

James McWalter

Yeah, yeah, I Love this example that that you mentioned you know, being able to go into any sort of sales call sales demo conversation with a potential customer and have something so specific to their use case that it’s nearly being crazy for them not to move forward I like is it’s such a kind of.

Peter Light

No.

James McWalter

You know a powerful way to kind of think through through and you know as any startup starts to build capabilities across their core problem solution Set. You actually do start to develop these opportunities to bring that directly into sales calls marketing. All those kind of things. Um, you know one of my kind of favorite marketing tactics that a lot of cool startups do is users. You know their tech to identify some sort of metric or number and then start running that metric against potential customers and say hey customer Yeah you think you’re X but you’re actually y would you be interested in trying to get to x. And that could be everything from you know your employee engagement score to your? Ah, you know how green you actually are from a clean energy electrification deployment point of view and so I Actually yeah, loved that kind of take and bringing that directly into the go-to-market.

Peter Light

Um, well that’s that’s good to hear and I think that’s something that that we’ve seen that has been powerful is that that reveal. Ah I’ll say also um, you know there are number companies out that um, that are doing a great job I say at making carbon accounting dashboards. Um, and then. Those dashboards often leads to buying carbon offsets which um I think is is in one sense progress. Um though I think I just have a I arrive at that scenario and I say you know those those offsets and person person and particularly you know. Carbon reduction offsets which I think as a society again we should have like we should be pursuing carbon removal but the you know the long run goal is that those reach kind of like a hundred dollars a ton so you just sort of stare at that. Reality and say wow that’s the long run technology goal with a lot of investment still to come and a lot of derisking still to happen. Meanwhile there are things people could do today that are carbon reducing and profitable for those businesses. So like let’s do all of those things none and I think that’s where you know we as a company are setting out to say how do we How do we reveal that in a way that almost it’s like creating you know you know, ah this sort of ah you know a tractor or this sort of know gravity field that makes it easy for capital to flow into um these places where where it actually wants to go.

James McWalter

And it it goes back to very beginning of our conversation and and you mentioned you know having like ah all of the above portfolio like mindset in terms of solving these problems and I also think and I agree with that. But I also think about that it kind of goes to the timing piece. It’s like yeah one of the reasons deployment is so important right now of what we have already. Invented and and have commercialized is to buy time for some of those other you know more moonshot longer range things to get to commercialization and so you know I personally think we’re going to need a ton of direct air capture. But it’s not going to be ready for 12 years potentially maybe longer and so everything we do now buys us years or buys this time. On the backend for when these technologies hopefully get get to the deployment they need to get to. Um Peter Light it’s not so brilliant kind of talk to you before we finish off is there anything I should have asked you about but did not so.

Peter Light

Well I will say that. Um, first. Thank you James and I say you know secondly that we are um we are actively hiring limited energy so you can check out our website http://gotlumin.com or or limit that energy one and you’ll you can see the careers page of you know, software development sales marketing. Um, a whole number of areas. Um, and ah you know I think something that I’ll I’ll leave you with is you know buildings are persistent and you know most of the buildings that will exist in 2050 or by you know, anyone’s net zero time horizon most of those buildings are have already been built and so. And further most of those buildings as vehicles electrify those buildings will become hubs or part of the system that can power our transportation and so I think that’s tremendously exciting but it also puts a lot of pressure on saying how can you find ways to. Decarbonized buildings and if you can do it profitably. That’s that’s phenomenal because that is going to be catalytic to make it happen at speed.

James McWalter

I couldn’t agree more um and a great message to end and will include ah the careers page in the show notes. Thank you Peter!

Peter Light

Thank you James take care.

Ask Me Anything – E100

Great to be interviewed by Bridget Hickey, Director of Marketing of Cloud to Street ! We discussed why I started the carbotnic podcast, my background, inspirations,the challenges and experience of entering the climate startup world and more! 

https://carbotnic.com/100

Download Podcast Here: https://plinkhq.com/i/1518148418

Please also find some great climate focused resources for roles below:

Remember, If you want to support the podcast please rate and review 5 stars on  Apple, Thanks so much! 

James

The unedited podcast transcript is below

James McWalter

Hello everyone welcome to this 100th episode of the Carbotic podcast and I’m joined by a wonderful special guest Bridget Hickey. 

Bridget Hickey

Hello. So excited.

James McWalter

Brilliant, um, and so today we’re going to do a little bit something a little bit different. We’re gonna actually turn around the mic and Bridget Hickey Hickeyis actually going to interview me and so Bridget Hickey, love to have you introduce yourself and get into it.

Bridget Hickey

Hi I’m Bridget Hickey HickeyI lead marketing at cloud street we do ah flood mapping with satellite imagery and a lot of interesting machine learning I I’m very excited to be here and chat with James.

James McWalter

Great. Um, yeah, we so we we we actually met at a ah climate meet up from my climate journey back probably about six seven months ago and we we hit it off and was like oh you know it’s ah it’s fun talking climate and it’s fun making friends at climate events.

Bridget Hickey

It’s very fun, very excited to be here. Very excited to learn about your journey through all this. Um, so I guess my None question for you is how did this podcast come about how did you start this? Why did you feel like you wanted to get into this.

James McWalter

Yeah, no, absolutely so I’ve always been like like podcast-obsesed you know like the friends family. My and my wife which just like ah he’s just like always listening the podcast three x speed minimum. You know. So for those who are listening 3 x speed I’m sure I talk quite fast. And so like I was always like into podcasts and like I learned so much from podcasts and so a couple years ago it was kind of early days of covid I was like all right I want to be involved in climate change from a startup point of view probably start something myself and I was like ah there’s probably a couple different ways I could do that right? So I could like. But sorry my background was nothing to do with climate change. It’s like where do you even start? you know, um and things are a little bit different now. There’s a lot more opportunities for moving across industries into climate. But at the time there wasn’t that much so I was like I kind of had. Ah yeah took a pen and paper out and I was like what are my options to move into yeah becoming. Somewhat knowledgeable some part of the climate change problem and and start a companying the space and so I was like okay I could go back to school I could do a masters I could get a job at a climate company but it might be more junior than what I’d been doing previously or I could start a podcast where I like just talk to lots and lots of people and find out what they’re working on and. I actually kind of weighing up like the different elements podcasts. Well, it’s not easy by any means it’s just definitely easier and faster and the learning cycle is way faster compared to those other options. So I was like oh let’s let’s try it out a couple of episodes see if I enjoy it and then kind of go from there.

Bridget Hickey

Great And how did you sort of slept the guess what kind of people were you interested in getting to know on the podcast.

James McWalter

Yeah, so you know the none couple of guests were very generous with their time like you know this is all just cold messages out from me to a few different folks working um at you know, climate companies of various types and so the the none 2 said yes. At the time it was I think monthly I was aiming for and then as those went well I moved it to every two weeks and then eventually I moved it to weekly and so really and then and then I took on Gabby who became my producer and she does most of the kind of you know, guest booking and so on. But really, what we’re looking for are people involved in solving problems through the medium startups. So are they on the startup founder or kind of leadership team side of things or are they more on the ah investment side and so we’ve interviewed a few folks on that side as well. And so yeah, pretty much any. Sort of founder who’s working on climate change and solving things in interesting way I’m interested in talking to we we have refused some guests over the over the last couple of years um yeah mainly because I I don’t think that their their approach is actually going to be effective for climate um hydrogen personal cars like. That that is one area that I’ve had a few people recently be like oh there’s going to be hydrogen fuel cell cars everywhere I’m like now evs of one. It’s just it’s just a waste of time for heavy duty vehicles. Maybe but um, but not so much for personal and passenger cars. So yeah, those people will will say no to. But in general we’re pretty open to talking to people working on lots of different. Parts of the climate problem.

10:56.20

Bridget Hickey

I Mean climate Tech is so big. Do you like how did you sort of build your own company. How did you decide where your interest lied within the very very wide and widening space of climate tech.

James McWalter

Whiteboarding lots lots ah lots of whiteboarding. Um, yeah like I think I think the that path is pretty similar to like a lot of folks who are coming from a more generic tech background into the space where they you know. They’ll get some sort of printout or pie chart of like the emissions in the economy and it’s like oh there’s transport and there’s residential and there’s whatever and then we’ll be like okay you know could I tackle that piece could I tackle this piece. That’s basically what I did um I actually did with a couple different folks like I was. You know, doing some pretty lengthy cofounder dating with with a few different people over the course of yeah, a year and went through that process multiple cycles of that process and some and some ideas we would reject based on like they just don’t tackle enough emissions or I would reject reject on that basis and some would be ah. Like it’s a really cool problem. It’s a really cool set of solutions. You could build but just it’s on a good founder fit right? Like if it doesn’t have a software component I’m just like less of a good fit because that’s my background like you know you could bring in a cofounder at school with hardware or something. But in general I was like looking for things that had a software potential solution. So. That was that was it I guess like I know Bridget you were also looking at different climate startups to to join you know because you also kind of come from a more generalist kind of tech background I guess how did you? you know sigh for yourself.

Bridget Hickey

I find I found the ones that were most interesting were the ones where there was I mean I’m I’m on marketing Side. So I liked the ones with like a real ah a bigger story. Obviously the entire climate story is pretty big but um, you know we do flooding right Now. It’s very relevant. There’s a lot of.. It’s affecting a lot of people in real time and there’s not a lot of people tackling it I think anytime a founder has like a pretty strong point of view on where they think the world should go and a specific sort of especially with climate I have identified a gap in which nobody’s really addressing the problem. That’s always. Sort of a fun thing from the marketing side.

James McWalter

Yeah, it’s on on that kind of strong view. But I mean I guess so the view that kind of eventually came to my cofounder Charles is that we’re going to like replace the entire built environment in the next thirty years like that’s a yeah there you go? um.

Bridget Hickey

Um, that’s a good line but.

James McWalter

And and outside of money I say outside of monuments like you know outside of statue of liberty. Everything else is going to be replaced the next thirty years to be like at an worse climate neutral but ideally climate positive in some way so it’s producing clean energy or it’s sequestering carbon in some way. Um, and that’s even like. Literally the residential building will be living and you know individuals are living in because we’re you know, starting to produce things like concrete that absorbs c o two out of the atmosphere and strengthens the actual concrete over time. Lots of like super cool things and some of those solutions might not work. But I think that you know that’s that’s the best where I’m like all right we’re we’re going to be changing everything. What are the kind of barriers to that mass change right? You know rep’re placing the and built environment that we we did it in Europe after world war None in like you know 8 to 10 years um where it’s going to take us longer because we don’t have something as acute. Obviously as a world war but that is the level of change that is.

Bridget Hickey

Um, yeah.

James McWalter

Required over the next twenty years and so there’s a lot of opportunities for kind of making that more efficient and uneffective.

Bridget Hickey

Cool all right? So I have a list of of a bunch of questions that your listeners have given so we might jump around a bench. We just get into it all right? Well None off, you are irish which I don’t know if anyone knows you don’t have this longest accent anymore. But you are we now living in New York doing a tech startup.

18:18.94

James McWalter

Ah, yeah, you go for? yeah, go None No.

Bridget Hickey

Like how did this happen. What was the sort of more generalist tech background you had Do you think that that being Irish has changed your approach to how you’re approaching this I’d love to know about how you got here.

James McWalter

Yeah, so yeah, so I’ve definitely mentioned the farm on the podcast in the past. Um, so yeah, so I was born in Ireland in the kind of mid 80 s ah we had a little farm but we immediately basically not immediately. But when I was 4 years old we moved to New York we lived in the Bronx for a year from age 4 to 5 and then we moved upstate New York to a place called wappinger falls which is like near pokeepsie it’s kind of halfway between New York city and Albany so not that far upstate. And yeah, I’ve lived a kind of classic american suburban life like what later I would like watch on Tv where you know you’re. Playing baseball games and teball and going to boy scouts and getting up to all sorts of you know mischief running and around so we did that um and for various kind of family reasons. My parents decided to move back to Ireland um, in 9095 and so we move back and onto a little rural farm. You know, fifty acre sheep farm on the west coast of Ireland and I sounded pretty american you know a yank as they’d call you back back home and I’m not going to say that it was easy I would ah you know, basically you know. My I guess childhood into my teens was pretty tough in a lot of ways mainly because you’re completely an outsider like when you when you sound that different in such a rural area. Um, and rural west of Ireland accents are incredibly strong, incredibly distinctive. So you know there was there was a kind of a lot to handle a lot to manage with that. Um, you also have this all other kind of culture element that um you know was I guess kind of awkward so in american schools and in american culture in general like success is generally a positive thing right? It’s like you know if you said how how’d you doing your tests. It’s like oh I thought it did pretty well right.

Bridget Hickey

Nice.

James McWalter

Um, that’d be like a reasonable answer to to give whereas in Ireland even if you know you ace the test. It is culturally unacceptable to say that you have to be like I probably failed it and so I did not get the memo as you know an none year old coming back to Ireland and so people will ask me this question and and I’d be like oh you know I feel like I did pretty well. And they’re like oh you’re so arrogant and so ah, it was literally so this was kind of literally the vibe and so I guess it took a kind of while to absorb and understand and kind of bring the you know those None different cultures together in my own head in a way that was satisfactory. And that didn’t really happen until I got to kind of university and you know started to find a bit of a tribe that that worked I worked kind of better with you know I started getting into philosophy and theater and like all these kind of the other artsy things that I ended up. Yeah, not not working in full time. but um but yeah, so yeah that was that was the kind of the message None thing I will say though that did definitely affect. Elements of kind of my focus on climate now is that we convert it to organic farming in 1997 and 98 and yeah and my mom who who Bridget Hickey Hickeyis a big fan of um, yeah, um, by Bob my mom who’s who’s you know.

Bridget Hickey

Pull up. Um, your mom.

James McWalter

Kind of launched a business in her in her early sixty s and and the british has been very impressed kind of looking at it from afar. But um, she was head of the Irish Organic Farmers Association um at the same time as my father was implementing you know, organic farming on our local farm and so you had this scenario where mam was basically like.

Bridget Hickey

People.

James McWalter

Setting up the criteria for the country um whereas his dad was doing it. You know locally and like those things are obviously in clashing right? because what you’re trying to do locally um has all these kind of local considerations that you can’t really take into account when you’re doing like a policy for an entire country. So yeah, so there was a lot of that that kind of stuff.

Bridget Hickey

Your mom continues to get cooler every time I hear more? Um, so you sort of had a winding path into this. But obviously there’s a lot of people who are trying to get into climate tech. We meet them all the time in our various communities in New York um what is what kind of.

James McWalter

Growing up. Yeah, yeah.

Bridget Hickey

Advice would you give to somebody who’s working in tech not working tech but really wants to get involved with the work that the climate tech crew is doing. How would you think that people can go about getting involved.

James McWalter

Yeah I mean I think with any we’re trying to move into any new space right? It can seem very ah restrictive. It can seem like there are various ways people speak or there are various kind of the rules of the of the road for any sort of group that you’re the outsider of and so the biggest thing is. Got to get into that group in some way as quickly as possible to realize that they’re all just normal people doing normal things and what does that mean it means just talking to to lots of people. Um I think it is difficult to break into any new Industry. You know for the true introverts out there but it has gotten easier because there’s a lot more. Slack communities and things that are more virtual that I think are are generally easier for for people who have that more of that approach. But yeah I would say like there is nothing better than hearing for somebody like a genuine interest in working on something that that you care about um I’ll semiregularly at least couple times a month get inbound from different. People who are like you know, looking for mentorship in some way and if I have the time to you know to be full on accessible I’ll I’ll give it if not I’ll point always point people in in the directions of people who might be more suitable to them and one of the great things about the climate space in general is like people are just like super welcoming like you know we’re all. Kind of joined in this incredibly large project and problem that um you know that it’s just it’s so mad. Madly big like how do you even kind of begin to cut a tackle it and so there’s never a sense of like oh we’ve got too many people working on climate like no, but the more the merrier you know.

Bridget Hickey

It’s also weirdly optimistic I Think despite the very big and large challenges people are very kind to friendly. Um.

James McWalter

I really love. Yeah I think that it’s great that you said optimistic None of the things that I think people get wrong and like in a particular way is that the people who are most negative on major problems are the people who work on it the least right? if you go online. It’s like oh you know. Climate change is terrible and like nothing’s gonna be solved and we’re all be living underwater and all this kind of thing none of the people who write that are working on climate change either in a startup or policy or like they’re assigned it like are activists. They’re literally just people complaining and that’s fine like it is a big thing and and you know and people have jobs to do and so on I’m not saying that everybody absolutely should be. Dropping everything to work on climate but I will say that if you do work on climate whether it’s startup or policy or activism. Whatever it may be you do start to feel more optimistic. You do feel more empowered like I think just from a pure mental health point of view like if you’re really worried about climate and it actually stresses you out. Start working on climate and it actually weirdly make you less stressed.

Bridget Hickey

I Totally agree I can’t believe how much I have calmed down about it because I’m I’m just surrounded by really smart people all the time who are so knowledgeable about the problem and it just makes me feel better that they are all working on it. Um.

Bridget Hickey

Okay, so you mentioned a bunch of different online group I Know you’ve personally mentioned my climate journey I think you did on deck as well. Can you talk a little bit about some groups that are available how you’ve how you’ve approached virtual versus real world communities and what you could get out of them if you’re looking to get involved.

James McWalter

Yeah, and we’ll include some of these links in the show notes. But ah, there’s pretty decent communities with pretty large amounts of activity for quite a few different segments of climate. So one is air miners. So my climate journey. It’s probably the most generalist it does have a I think it’s $10 a month fee which is a little. You know it definitely kind of blocks maybe like students and so on to kind of get involved in it but but it’s probably the the oldest and most kind of generalist. Um, so that’s well worth checking out and and paying the $10 for a month or 2 just to kind of get ah get a sense of it. And then Jason Jacobs’s podcast. My climate journey you know is obviously somewhat of an inspiration for this podcast is ah quite an even overlap of guests. So um, definitely checking him out in general. Um, the other piece is air miners so air miners is a great community for anyone trying to do carbon sequestration. So whether that’s through soil or direct air capture machines or something else. Um, there’s a lot of really smart people there. It’s actually probably the best place I’ve found for like genuine research scientists interacting with people trying to build companies and I’ve met some great people from there in person as well who who are kind of working on really cool tech. Um, and then moving things from the lab into. You know, commercialized use cases that have a climate effect and then the other one I would mention ah off the hand is the task force so they’re very focused on distributed energy resources and energy. Um, the 3 people who founded that they’re all based in Brooklyn I meet up with them pretty regularly now. Great great group. I’m really focused on you know, getting clean energy deployed at scale there few others work on climate I think climate base one is there any um missing british.

Bridget Hickey

I like work on climate they have they have interesting little like subgroups where you can do like learning hoops I’m learning about Kelp farming through them. They’re very cool cook consider a past hi.

James McWalter

Everyone goes through their Kelp phase with climate. It’s like ah it’s not even joking. It’s like I was like K solve it all and then it’s like oh it’s pretty tough. Yeah.

Bridget Hickey

It’s very very complicated but it’s still we should all eat more elp. Um, okay next question. Ah, what is the largest climate problem that you don’t think anyone is tackling.

James McWalter

And.

James McWalter

Yeah I mean I think that there I think basically the less sexy. The thing that the less likely to are smart people tackling it. Um I think that’s just like a general rule right? So I guess one experience I had ah on on the other side of this is. When covid started everybody started a Zoom or slack competitor right? So I was in on deck at the time you’re just talking to lots of founders and like honestly fifty sixty percent of people were working on Zoom are are slack competitors. And that’s fine. You know like there’s obviously a clear need for for those things now. Um I don’t think any of those companies really have have like done anything because Zoom and slack did a pretty good job for what they’re doing and like what else kind of you add from there and so those were cases where there’s this like kind of very obvious set of problems. But maybe it’s reasonably well served. And it kind of it was kind of sexy at the time it’s like everyone’s on Zoom quote unquote and so let’s try to solve that. But if I think about like just the economy in general There are so many opaque kind of hard to identify parts of the economy that I personally just don’t know that much about and a lot of them have to do with materials various types. So it’s like if you just look at any object around your home right now. It’s like you know, ah like I’m just looking at my desk some of dog food because the dog sleeps next to me and I have my laptop There are probably easily hundreds of materials going into each of these. Um they have all their own different supply chains and every single one of those supply chains have to be decarbonized. And new materials found either because we have an existing material that could be repurposed that has a more climate friendly like approach or it’s something that we have to completely invent from you know, whole cloth and like completely you know disrupt and like an existing material with something new and so to me like I would nearly. Start just looking at all of the different materials and these materials by the way like you think about cardboard you think about concrete like these are none or at least hundreds of none but none of dollar industries pretty low margin but like just absolutely massive and they do need to be decarbonized and while there are definitely some companies working on some of these things were like way way way. And like I would love to see just lots and lots of you know so smart business people talking to smart material science people and coming up with like new startups.

Bridget Hickey

Yeah, there is so much option there um more specifically on Decarbonization. What do you see? Obviously there’s been a ton of attention paid there recently it sort of seems to be the next big thing with the frontier money going into it. What. What do you see as the biggest barrier to decarbonization I Know you’re pretty involved with air miners. What do you sort of see as like what doesn’t exist yet what will make that scale and.

James McWalter

Yeah, so I guess like so it’s thecarization of existing industries and then just like taking carbon out of the air or getting the carbon removed from the economy in some way So I’ll kind of tackle the second one because I think you kind of touch on the None one already. So I would say that direct our capture. Is like a really really really exciting concept and there’s a reason why a lot of smart people are working on it and a lot of money is being put on it. Um, it’s probably pretty far away from scaling and so to me a lot of the focus on decarbonization right Now. Should be about all of the fastest low-hanging fruit things we can do to buy time for those more technologically advanced things that we’re going to need to finish out the Picture. So What I going to mean by that. So one is just pure clean energy right? Like we just have to decarbonize the grid like just has to happen as quickly as Possible. We literally don’t need to invent anything new for it like it’s purely a scale thing. It’s not even a financing issue from a scale point of View. It’s a lot of other issues that I’ve talked about before when I talk about Mo startup around permitting and interconnection and these kind of things so we also have like transport. That’s another massive segment like we basically have now invented the evs that are necessary. The biggest subject like a barrier to Eb adoption now is more supply chain driven than technology right? like we just need to get more the T Ion batteries built and into these cars. Um like so in general things are happening. It’s just the scale of new supply chains and kind of removing certain barriers around. Things like permitting and so on those are kind of necessary things but all those things need to be ah, sped up as quickly as possible to buy time for things that I think will still be necessary which are things like direct air capture of carbon and you know. Kelp or algae and other methods of like sequestering carbon soil carbon sequestration these kind of things which are somewhat unproven at scale but like we need all of those hits a goal and some of them might work but like most of them are not going to work this side of 2030 like they may be working in the mid 2030 s And by that time though we should have like everything else as optimized as possible up to that point. But yeah I Guess what are your thoughts on that.

Bridget Hickey

And I mean I’m kind of interested in. So Obviously these are big long-term bets and you’re a founder who’s going out and you know raising money in the markets which are obviously all over the place right Now. How do you recommend? A founder is going out with these big huge ideas that just take a lot of time. How should they be. Position that that to investors. How do you think Investors are sort of adapting to the climate Tech market.

James McWalter

So yeah I would say they’ve been adapting really really well until like two weeks ago so so we’re we’re talking and a may here of 2022? Um, so I talked to a lot of ah climate investors before I so even was. Really actually the early days of the podcast really just to kind of get a sense of like where like what is vc aable right? like you know Vc has a very specific type of time horizon they have a very specific type of investment and return investment. They’re looking for and with that. Not everything is. Going to make sense for a Vc right? So a chain of hairdressers is not going to make sense for a Vc but a software app like you know a calendar might because it it scales and has certain kind of elements of scale and and network effects. So when you kind of think about like all the different elements of climate like what’s. Kind of vc backable and what’s not I would say in general vcs ah are driven by the same sort of elite recent elite focus on climate change that a lot of people listening to these podcasts are so climate change is not a populist ah problem to tackle. Vast majority of people working on climate tend to be from higherd socioeconomic groups tend to be well-ed educatated so generally some form of a word elite and vcs are about as elite as you can imagine and so they’re basically going to dinners and cocktail parties and all the usual things. Ah you know, pre and post covid. Um, that necessitate like an interest in these things and so what we’ve seen over the last couple of years is just like a lot of vcs rudy folksing climate and it nearly became a joke you know bridge and I we we also kind of co-host this in-person meetup now in New York for climate folk and whenever there be like a Vc folks showing up. there’ always be like a Vc coming from an existing fund that was non-climate focused and now they’re kind of working to raise their own fund that’s climate focused and it just became me like kind of a semi- joke in my own head. It’s like oh another another Vc doing a climate fund which is great like I ah like we need more like evermore. Um, but it is the kind of world where um. That money is I don’t know if a lot of the money and that a lot of those funds are actually going to make a return for their investments because a lot of the investments going into climate tech startups are not probably Vc backable. They actually should be something more like project financing or some other type of of financing now again I’m not complaining because right now all the money should be diverted as much as possible. But I think we what we are going to see is a bit more streamlining over the next few years as some of the returns from some of those companies that were never really good for Vc in the none place. Don’t you know? don’t don’t don’t come to fruition.

Bridget Hickey

Yeah, he sense? Um, so you were a startup talk a little bit more about your startup. So your startup’s focused on the built environment I’d love to hear about sort of why you focus there here sort of the 1 line pitch and just sort of how you see that evolving and.

James McWalter

Yeah, so we’re um, basically so at the moment green infrastructure projects like solar wind hydrogen have just a really low success rate. So only 1 in 5 of projects that are being attempted actually get built and the reasons that are not get built are issues around. Zoning permitting interconnection and so on and so we’re basically trying to identify all the issues that might prevent a project from being built in a specific place right? because None of the interesting things about once anything is being built in the real-world. The physical world. Ah it has to be built somewhere right? and so the unit of measurement is the land itself and so what can you build there. A is it good for the climate b and can I make money c and so we’re trying to figure that out for every personalcel end ideally right now. New York safe but eventually the world. Um and say okay, yeah, this is a great place to build solar but it’s even better place to build solar for storage or it’s actually an even better place to build a dense residential like tower because that is. You’re downtown Manhattan and that actually makes more sense from a climate point of view because density actually helps climate at the margin. So you know that’s kind of what what we’re or we’re up to I mean so lot of data collection. A lot of figuring out data from lots of different sources making sense of it appending it down to the parsel level and then we’re mostly focused on solar developers. And some hydrogen folks to get up and running because those are the people who seem to have the most acute need. But eventually we do want to be that data source for pretty much any amount of building happening in the built environment.

Bridget Hickey

Me say how’s going. Yeah.

James McWalter

How’s it going? Um, you know it’s sort of world right? So like we we raised we raised money which was ended up being like really easy and now it’s very hard for everybody to raise money. So we’re happy that we got that in done before in time. Um. My cofounder is just incredible. So he built an amazing Mvp and and in pretty fast timeframe. We’ve hired some like interns to help with some data collection and the big thing right now is it’s all it’s all it’s all about getting that none page user so we have some trials outstanding. Um. We’re meeting those folks every week every couple of days in some cases and just converting them into paid customers and so right now everything is about. Can you get that first paid customer because if you don’t have a paid customer. It’s a of business I know historically in the last two years startups have just been able to raise money just on ideas time after time after time. But I think with the the recent kind of valuation downturn.

James McWalter

Well, the economy in general but in sort of some particular like you have to build a business and so yeah, one of the great things that are that that I’ve always been kind of aligned with with my cofounder is like look we have to build something that has real revenue because real revenue means we’re actually helping real buildings in the climate getting built and like it has all those kind of positive. Ah you know? Ah. Kind of additionalities as well.

Bridget Hickey

Yeah, all right somebody wanted to know what upcoming or current technology. Do you think will be a disruptive force in the future.

James McWalter

Yeah, um, coming ah the the so I think that touched a little bit about director capture. But I probably want to kind of paint how I think like director capture is going to actually happen. So director capture. It’s it’s a basically it’s a large series of fans think of it as a little factory but what it’s doing is actually it’s sucking atmosphere in it’s taking that atmosphere. It’s removing the C O two and then it’s storing it in some way either. It’s pumping it underground or combining it with some other material to be stored. We’re going to need like None of these right? like just like a lot. Um, if it’s going to have an impact but what’s interesting about that is they need they could be actually built anywhere because they’re just taking c o two out of the atmosphere and the C O T Two in the atmosphere is completely diluted right? So it’s the same you know x percent in. Your backyard as it is like in the himalayas like it’s it’s the same so you could build these anywhere and so I think one of the like fascinating pieces of like how that that gets deployed is going to be where they get deployed who gets disrupted like if you’re building None factories around the world. Like is there a world where certain countries are say we’ll build them all in our country because they can build anywhere and but the world has to pay us some sort of import export tax because we’re decarbonizing right? So could you have a country like Ireland or a country like Uganda. Yeah, I’m just making random countries who say look you know, put none of. Of dac factories here like we’ll take care of it but we need to be appropriately kind of compensated. So I think once you have something that like has that level of solving the problem if it can’t get cheap enough of course and there’s a lot of technological issues around it I think it starts to throw up some interesting and weird things around trade because one of the things where the. I guess the related aspects we’re going to see is that um I don’t know have you ever read ministry of the future. The the Kim Sandley Robinson book super super powerful book but None of the kind of concepts in it that ah they they kind of get into is when a particular country has this incredibly bad. Um, heat wave.

Bridget Hickey

I Literally just bought it I have not read it yet.

James McWalter

The country starts doing ah geoengineering so you start releasing suphates into the atmosphere and but they’re doing it over their own land and so what can other countries do to combat that I mean there’s not much you can do. But if you do a lot of geo-engineering at scale you start to affect every obviously every other country in the world right? because it’s. Geo. It’s the whole geography. Yeah, it’s the whole planet and so things like dac if they can get to scale I see as like a main way to help prevent some of the you know geoengineering of countries going their own way. Because it’s just incredibly like it’s just going to be outside of war. It’s gonna be incredibly difficult to prevent countries from actually doing geo-engineering because it’s actually pretty cheap to do like putting sulfates up in the atmosphere is not an expensive thing to do relative to other costs. So I don’t know so to me like. Dac if it actually happens is like probably the most most disruptive thing I can think of.

01:05:57.88

Bridget Hickey

Yeah, that are there companies that you think are sort of most likely to do it who are you watching and are really plus why.

James McWalter

I mean climbmeworks has the most money behind them so they’ve built their factor rate in Iceland to take advantage of some geothermal cheap energy. You also they’re their swiss company I believe there’s a few others I mean like there’s a lot of activity on air miners. Ah.

Bridget Hickey

Yep.

James McWalter

None interesting thing about the dak community is that they’re like it similar to like the fusion community I guess like they’re all just kind of like bullying up on each other being like oh that’s a stupid way of doing it. Um, you know it’s it’s the closer. You are to a particular frontier technology the more I guess arguments there are about which direction will work out. Um. Like the None guy recently and and he’s planning on something where they have the capability of stacking the carbon in like basically shipping containers and you can just like stack that I mean these are all super cool things but none of it’s been done at scale outside maybe climb works so climbwork has done it at some level scale. But it’s $600 a ton of carbon which just ah. But context like a carbon in a tree is like $12 a ton. So like we have a long way to come down from a price point of view.

Bridget Hickey

Yeah, um, speaking of sort of the geopolitical side of this. How do you feel about the Biden administration and how they are tackling climate.

James McWalter

So they started really good and then they’ve got progressively worse and worse. So um, so going into the none kind of 6 months of Biden administration obviously coming out of a pretty anti you know climate change solution administration in in the Trump administration it was yeah it was. It was a breath of fresh air. There were certain rules that were immediately brought in that were positive the bipartisan infrastructure bill while there was a lot of money in that for roads there was actually quite a bit of money for things like transmission for the grid that’s helpful for renewables. There was stuff for evs. It could have been more but you know it was all pretty powerful thing. Then there’s 2 elements that have shown the by administrations I guess you know have have been just not successful on climate. So one is build back better which is like a large bill that we proposed last year is a bit of a grab bag bill but there was a very very large climate component and basically build by pay editor was not passed. And I was pretty bullish on Bill Black ridter all the way through until eventually mansion said no and basically when you have a um, ah senate where you have you know a pretty conservative none vote in Joe Manschin you kind of just basically have to let him write the bill and. I think that exactly how it kind of panned out. There was an attempt to bring in other aspects into what in many ways is a climate bill which made no bill at all pass. So that was somewhat disappointing but you know I can kind of understand the elements of and the dynamics that kind of produced that. But at this point I’d be like whatever bill I mentioned be willing to write. That has at least some positive climate effect. Let’s just do it because like we’re running out of time for a you know we’re all likelihood going into republican senate in the next you know None to None to twelve months and in that model like nothing’s going to get passed in pro climate way the other piece which I think is absolutely more egregious and. Ah, yeah, and and pretty kind of infuriating is the solar tariffs. So the Trump administration had tariffs on solar panels produced in China the Biden administration last January extended those tariffs which are bad enough. But. All the tariffs are all these panels coming in to build solar pounds today are coming from southeast asian countries that are not China so Thailand vietnam etc those countries are now under a um department of commerce investigation because a domestic solar panel manufacturer called axion solar. Um. Basically said that those countries are secretly putting in chinese panels rather than producing them themselves and so that they should also be under tariffs I was at a conference for solar and storage developers in New York last week and they were just telling me person after person that nothing is being built right now.

James McWalter

We have stopped building story solar in the United States at scale. Um, basically this is the first year in 25 years that solar costs have gone up for and only in the United States nowhere other country in the world because these tariffs and the fear around these tariffs because one of the the aspects of the of the. Department of commerce’s investigation is that if they find some issues with you know these panels in in these thai countries. They’re going to backfill tariffs on existing solar panels that have already been installed and so this is freezing the entire industry so I talked to people at some of the largest renewable energy developers in the country people are literally. Directly building the things that are decarbonizing energy and they have stopped building like literally in the last three weeks they’ve stopped building because of issues around these tariffs. So I’ve been involved in some you know political wranglings in a small way on this? Yeah, but yeah, engaging your local senator all this kind of thing. But. Yeah, if anybody hears this please please please get involved in kind of getting these tariffs issue kind of resolved because ah, right now. Yeah I think the client like there was more solar being built in the last year of the Trump presidency than this year of the Biden predeency and there’s way more money to be spent. On it. We just can’t literally build it. So yeah.

Bridget Hickey

Well okay, great. Let’s really agree I find find all like like you know you hear these awful like climate news and there’s there’s just nothing people to do and it’s just so deeply frustrating like you know like college senators sort of where we get to. But.

James McWalter

No.

Bridget Hickey

Very frustrating. Um, despite that frustration despite everything going on where do you stand On. You know we touched a little bit about staying optimistic and working in climate Attack. Where do you stay on sort of how optimistic you are that we will stay below ° of warming and that we will be able to sort of collectively. Turn things around in the limited time that we have.

James McWalter

I think we’re going to do it like and again we’re just the pure like optimist. But I I think that there are now enough smart people who care about this I think that number is going up every day I think the resources are pointing in the right direction I think basically I think there are a lot of different levers. That we need to use to solve climate and so you know policy government activism like corporates like larges scale corporates Smalls Scale corporates like startups research science like all these things are different levers to accelerate. Ah, you know the solutions set that we can use and flighted climate. All of these are basically in motion ah to varying degrees of success as we said government as I just said government is is probably moving the slowest but that’s always the case but across the board like these things are generally pointing the right direction and that was not true. Three years ago it was not true. Definitely not true. Five years ago and so I don’t see any sort of large-s scale ah countervailing pressure to prevent that outside of like just like a series of large wars which knock on wood you know is not going to happen. Um, and so if we can you know keep a reasonable amount of geopolitical stability. When all these levers are now kind of pointing in the right direction or we got you know a few decades at least of some somewhat ge havepolitical stability and I know sometimes it can feel like things are very unstable obviously with the horrific things happening in Ukraine and so on but just like on a world historical level like things are still reasonably stable. You know compared to other periods in history. I think that we are in pretty okay shape to hit ° now one more ° is still terrible like don’t you know it still means that you have just terrible things happening to a large large parts of the world but it isn’t disaster and so ah so I’m I’m pretty optimistic. We’ll hit that and I think if things like.

Bridget Hickey

Yes.

James McWalter

Director capture dac that we talked about earlier that got to scale ahead of schedule then we have a chance of even beating that. But that’s more of a I think that’s completely depend on technology being better than what we what we plan for.

Bridget Hickey

It’s more optimistic view than I often hear it’s exciting to hear from you up. Um all right. We have a few more personal questions that we’ve gotten in for you. So None up, what is something that you have been wrong about.

James McWalter

Yeah, yeah.

James McWalter

Ah, self-driving cars incredibly wrong I I’ve like read this article by I called Kevin Drum about five years ago and he basically fully convinced me by this year Twenty Twenty two pretty much every car would be. Decently self-driving and it would just be a regulatory policy thing that was slowing it down but like the technology would be there and that is obviously not true at all. so um I yeah so I was I was very bullish about things moving very very quickly in self-driving cars but was could be wrong out.

Bridget Hickey

Who do you think’s gonna win it who do you think will do it.

James McWalter

Um I I actually do think that it’s the companies that have the most access to data because in the end self-driving cars is like a machine learning data play and so there’s a couple of companies that spun out of Google Google itself has some efforts. So I would say companies that have spun out of or have access to like None of the big tech companies data mapping data in particular like they have the highest odds so all things being equal like I don’t think Google itself because Google itself is just not very good at building hardware. But I think people coming out of like Google kind of you know. Frameworks there’s a few companies who who have that kind of profile. It’s probably most likely I think the least likely are like uber and lyft I think they’re really good at certain type of logistics and I don’t think they’re good at this type of thing.

Bridget Hickey

Yeah, um, what is the biggest challenge you faced over the world.

James McWalter

Yeah I mean probably probably all to do with like immigration of various types and so I probably briefly mentioned in the past. But ah, you know I spent the last few years and in Mexico um hiing on my green card to come through. Um it was. Like I guess like if we’d gotten into it. My wife and I knowing that it would take 4 years it would’ve been fine but like you think it’s a year and it’s another a year that’s another year under a year and so I would say that kind of trying to manage yourself to that when you’re yeah, you’re trying to move forward on certain parts of your life personal life business life work life. Yeah know family friends. All those kind of things.

Bridget Hickey

Well.

James McWalter

But like you just don’t have full freedom I mean that’s obviously something that a lot of people experience. Maybe the majority people experience in the world. But you know someone who is westerned you know english speaker fella who can usually move through spaces in a particularly easy way like everybody kind of brought home like how. But restrictions really can be on you on on your decision making and so on. So finally finally getting through that like it was a year pretty much a year ago this weekend that I did my immigration interview in Juarez Mexico um involved getting completely naked and explaining tattoos that I have and making sure they’re not gang tattoos um during my medical it. It involves even other things that were you know and I will say like everybody involved like I work like like the doctor and everybody I was involved in. Just incredibly like kindhearted generous generous people. It was just the system itself was just pretty. You know, um, like dehumanizing and again and I was by no mirror the nowhere near the like the worst affected person like yeah, you’re doing your interview by all these little windows. And like as you’re talking to the person doing your final interview like um, you’re just hearing people crying like around you because they’re getting denied. Um, and so yeah.

Bridget Hickey

Oh no, um on the immigration note I mean with the world of remote work and obviously there’s booming startup ecosystems in Europe. Do you think you need to be in the us for for building a startup or for building a climate startup.

James McWalter

I I don’t think you do I think that? um, what I guess what does like a place give you so so I personally have worked remote for nearly six years and and now I’m yeah I have an office with my cofounder because I like I like being in a space. Um, after so long kind of remote. So so ah, you know I’d done a few years previous to covid and I would say that covid was incredibly powerful for me in a positive way. Obviously it was horrific for most things but from a kind of leveling of the ground. So everyone all of a sudden was on the Zoom call. So you could get access to investors and and people for this podcast and so on in a way that was just way more difficult to precod like you had to like fly into San Francisco and do the tour and meet all the vcs in person. All that kind of thing with covid and the kind of adoption of so much remote work that made things a lot easier. Having said all that though. I think it is very very difficult to build a company when you’re not surrounded by other people who are building things I think that building something out of nothing is just so so difficult that even if you’re around people who love you and people who you know appreciate what you’re doing all those kind of things. Um, unless they’re. Like builders kind of are people building things and not just in startups. But in general people who are building something new like they tend to like push each other in various ways that are kind of subtle and I think that my time down in and puto verto I had amazing friends and some of people were definitely you know building different things and and so on but the general atmosphere of this place was like. Pretty laid back. Pretty chill. Lovely place to spend some time but not some place to kind of build something and so I don’t think you have to be in the Us to build things. But I do think that San Francisco and New York Boston and a few other places are like known as startup hubs for a reason because there’s just a lot of people building and I think you do have network effects around that and so if you are in a country other country. Like where in your country are other builders building like I would gravitate to that in general is.

Bridget Hickey

All right last question what sort of predictions. Do you have for a climate tech space. What are you excited about what kind of advice would you give someone like what do you think is sort of the next thing that we’re going to be seeing a lot of.

James McWalter

So I think there there’s going to be more fractionalization of ah the climate space right? So you know my climate journey iron miners like these are are yeah these are somewhat aggregated ways of like approaching climate. But. Because of climate is the entire economy. You’ll eventually have trade publications and all these different kind of segments that will be very specific to something and so whereas before you might have to go to yeah my climate journey to talk about you know, electric vehicles. There are if not now there will soon be just like. Online and offline communities entirely devoted to not just electric vehicles but you know electric vehicles that are replacing ah Ford trucks right? that are replacing that like the pickup truck segment of the market and so I think like 1 of the things that will happen is again much more specialization much more focus on those things. Um, it will mean that. Will be a period where it will be kind of hard to find these things and generalists will maybe start to struggle to get the the clear kind of you know, like know exactly where people are kind of congregating online or offline. Um, and so I think that’s None kind of opportunity for people in climate tech we’re thinking about building some sort of collaboration software platform and so on is like continuing to make it easy to direct people into the right directions and so you already mentioned. Ah you know work on climate. That’s a great you know. Product for that like terra terra do is is another like there’s a few of these that that do a good job with that. So I think ah more specialization and then also hopefully in in tandem people who are helping other people navigate that specialization. But how about you.

Bridget Hickey

My connections. Ah I’m actually quite and I mean I work in a B Two B company but I’m I’m really interested in sort of the consumer marketing angle of things I mean I Even just like I feel like a lot of things are starting to get marketed with a bit of like.

James McWalter

Yeah, yeah.

Bridget Hickey

Environmental Guilt. Um, and I don’t think that’s terribly effective and I think that more and more we will just see really solid environmental options that are just marketed as like the best option on the market I think I’m kind of excited for that to get away from all of the The. The shame and the doom and gloom and the guilt and just start ah marketing solutions just because they’re the best cheapest most convenient option on the market.

James McWalter

I Love that and yeah, we actually had somebody talking about solar punk on the podcast a few months ago you and I and and other people at in-person and meetups have talk about this complete like I guess failure on the kind of climate tech community to do a better job of describing this like super exciting future like not just.

Bridget Hickey

Um, one yeah I think there is a lot of gloom and doom and it ah you know it definitely gets clickbait and um, you know people will will read it but I just don’t think that’s.

James McWalter

Mitigating these things but like it’s actually better.

Bridget Hickey

Future I think like everything that I’m seeing that you know a lot of the D to C startups that are popping up are just like really brilliant options but they you know they don’t have like the blue and Green Earth Water Montage There will say just like really great ah branding and marketing. So I mean I look at everything from the marketing and but I’m very excited for that.

James McWalter

Love that? Um, well Bridget. Thank you like? ah you’ve you’ve asked some great questions like it’s it was great.

Bridget Hickey

Have on ah episodes I’m thrilled for you I’m very excited to listen to a None more fight.

James McWalter

Thank you so much. Cheers Bridget.